一、強調句構成公式
強調句的學習只需要牢記一個識別公式即可。
It is A that/who...
注意:A 為強調部分(可以是單詞、短語或者句子),that 可以指人,也可以指物,但是 who 只能指人。
在寫作時,使用 that 更為保險。 所以句型就是:It is... that...
舉例 1 :
我昨天在商場遇到了鐵錘。
I met Tiechui at the shopping mall yesterday.
下列翻譯對嗎?
① 就是我昨天在商場遇到了鐵錘。
【翻譯】It is me that met Tiechuiat at the shopping mall yesterday.
② 就是在昨天我在商場遇到了鐵錘。
【翻譯】It is yesterday that I met Tiechui at the shopping mall.
①和②的翻譯都不對
正確寫法為:
① 就是我昨天在商場遇到了鐵錘。
【正確】It was I that met Tiechuiat at the shopping mall yesterday.
② 就是在昨天我在商場遇到了鐵錘。
【正確】It was yesterday that I met Tiechui at the shopping mall .
過去時態寫成It was。和過去有關的寫成It was,和過去沒關的都寫成It is,即將來時也是寫成It is。
小結:區分強調句和主語從句
判斷方法很簡單,只需要把 It is... that... 去掉即可。
如果去掉后句子成分依然完整的話,就是強調句;
如果去掉后句子成分殘缺,就是主語從句。
舉例 :
①?It is exciting that we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou-13.? ?我們成功地發射了神舟 13 號這件事情真令人興奮。
去掉 It is... that... 后,句子變成:
Exciting we have succeeded in sending up Shenzhou-13.
顯然句子不正確, 所以這個 it 是一個形式主語,而真正的主語是后面的 that 從句,即主語從句。
②?It is undoubtedly that reading books can broaden the horizon of readers.
去掉 It is... that... 后,句子變成:
Undoubtedly,reading books can broaden the horizon of readers.
顯然句子是完成正確的,那這個就是強調句型。
二、強調句應用
1. 寫作
舉例:
① 最近我重讀這些世界名著時,我開始欣賞到了它們的美。
When I reread these world -famous masterpieces recently,I began to appreciate their beauty.
強調句改寫:直到最近我重讀這些世界名著時,我才開始欣賞它們的美。(強調狀語)
It was when I reread these world -famous masterpieces recently that I began to appreciate their beauty.
舉例:
② 人類活動導致了全球變暖。
Human activities caused global warming.
強調句改寫:正是人類活動導致了全球變暖。
It is human activities that caused global warming. (強調主語)
③ 隨著時間的推移,絲綢之路逐漸變成了一條連接東西方的主要道路,促進了東西方的經濟文化交流。
找到漢語主干:絲綢之路逐漸變成了一條主要道路。
The Silk Road gradually became a main road connecting the East and the West.
強調主語“絲綢之路”,改寫為:
It was the Silk Road that gradually became a main road connecting the East and the West.
③ 隨著時間的推移,絲綢之路逐漸變成了一條連接東西方的主要道路,促進了東西方的經濟文化交流。
As time went by, it was the Silk Road that gradually became a main road connecting the East and the West, promoting the economic and cultural exchanges between the two parties.
2. 長難句分析
舉例:
① Charles ought to know that as English history shows, it is kings, not republicans,?who are the monarchy’s worst enemies.
【翻譯】查爾斯應該了解,正如英國歷史所展示的,君主制最糟糕的敵人是君主,而非共和黨人。
② Perhaps it is humankind’s long suffering at the mercy of flood and drought that makes the idea of forcing the waters to do our bidding so fascinating.
【翻譯】可能正是因為人類長期遭受旱澇災害的擺布,才使得人類對于治理江河、使其聽從我們調遣的想法如此癡迷。
③Thus, in the American economic system,it is the demand of individual consumers, coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it.
【翻譯】因此,在美國的經濟體系中,個體消費者的需求與商人試圖最大化其利潤的欲望和個人想最大化其收入效用的欲望相結合,一起決定了什么應該被制造,以及資源如何被用來制造它們。