出發點一:
Android 引入了「任務棧」的概念,這個概念對于 Android 設備上的返回按鍵有極其重要的聯系。有時候按下返回按鈕或者點擊關閉當前 Activity 的操作,都不知道 Android 系統會把程序帶到哪個 Activity ,不確定這是否是最后一個 Activity 以致退出了整個程序。亦或者一些按鈕和操作循環產生 Activity 而造成內存膨脹。對于這些問題,如果能夠在調試期間知道當前任務棧的情況,就能很方便的觀察和發現問題存在的原因,進而選擇正確的 launchMode ,設置且當 Intent 的 Flag 來使程序達到預期的效果。
出發點二:
手機里裝著一個應用,在不反編譯也不做其他處理的情況下,你可以對這個應用了解多少。
出發點三:「出自官方文檔」
dumpsys is a tool that runs on Android devices and provides information about system services. You can call dumpsys from the command line using the Android Debug Bridge (ADB) to get diagnostic output for all system services running on a connected device. This output is typically more verbose than you may want, so use the command line options described below to get output for only the system services you're interested in. This page also describes how to use dumpsys to accomplish common tasks, such as inspecting input, RAM, battery, or network diagnostics.
命令格式:
adb shell dumpsys activity [options] [WHAT]
option 參數
options | 含義 |
---|---|
-a | 包括所有可用 Servier 狀態 |
-c | 包括 Client 狀態,即 App 端情況 |
-p PACKAGE | 限定輸出指定包名 |
WHAT 參數
WHAT | 含義 |
---|---|
a[ctivities] | activity 狀態 |
b[roadcasts] [PACKAGE_NAME] | broadcast 狀態 |
s[ervices] [COMP_SPEC ...] | service 狀態 |
prov[iders] [COMP_SPEC ...] | content provider 狀態 |
p[rocesses][PACKAGE_NAME] | 進程狀態 |
o[om] | 內存管理 |
i[ntents] [PACKAGE_NAME] | pending intent 狀態 |
r[ecents] | 最近 activity |
perm[issions] | URI 授權情況 |
all | 所有 activities 信息 |
top | 頂部 activity 信息 |
package | package 相關信息 |
開始練習
練習一:
輸入:
adb shell dumpsys activity
輸出:
ACTIVITY MANAGER PENDING INTENTS (dumpsys activity intents) //注意一下
* PendingIntentRecord{1004eb1 com.tencent.mobileqq broadcastIntent}
* PendingIntentRecord{a9858c7 com.google.android.gms broadcastIntent}
* PendingIntentRecord{dc3ae3d com.tencent.mm startService}
// 省略 N 行 ...
ACTIVITY MANAGER BROADCAST STATE (dumpsys activity broadcasts) //注意一下
Historical broadcasts [foreground]:
#0: BroadcastRecord{63c6dd9 u-1 android.hardware.usb.action.USB_STATE}
// 省略 N 行 ...
ACTIVITY MANAGER CONTENT PROVIDERS (dumpsys activity providers) //注意一下
Published single-user content providers (by class):
* ContentProviderRecord{ef6fc1f u0 com.android.providers.telephony/.TelephonyProvider}
proc=ProcessRecord{efab720 3684:com.android.phone/1001}
singleton=true
authority=telephony
// 省略 N 行 ...
ACTIVITY MANAGER URI PERMISSIONS (dumpsys activity permissions) //注意一下
Granted Uri Permissions:
* UID 10129 holds:
UriPermission{b827fb4 0 @ content://downloads/all_downloads/125}
UriPermission{2b167dd 0 @ content://downloads/all_downloads/134}
UriPermission{51cbf52 0 @ content://downloads/all_downloads/148}
UriPermission{af4a223 0 @ content://downloads/all_downloads/169}
ACTIVITY MANAGER SERVICES (dumpsys activity services) //注意一下
User 0 active services:
* ServiceRecord{da1e320 u0 com.android.bluetooth/.hid.HidService}
app=null
created=-12d3h35m44s197ms started=false connections=1
// 省略 N 行 ...
ACTIVITY MANAGER RECENT TASKS (dumpsys activity recents) //注意一下
Recent tasks:
* Recent #0: TaskRecord{162657c #917 A=android.task.mms U=0 sz=1}
// 省略 N 行 ...
ACTIVITY MANAGER ACTIVITIES (dumpsys activity activities) //注意一下
Display #0 (activities from top to bottom):
// 省略 N 行 ...
ACTIVITY MANAGER RUNNING PROCESSES (dumpsys activity processes) //注意一下
Isolated process list (sorted by uid):
Isolated # 0: ProcessRecord{ffa12e5 3187:WebViewLoader-arm64-v8a/1037}
UID states:
UID 1000: UidRecord{15a01ba 1000 P / 19 procs}
// 省略 N 行 ...
上面標注「注意一下」的位置,其實是提示可以使用括號中的命令來獲取此部分對應的內容:
所以「adb shell dumpsys activity」命令等價于依次輸出下面 8 條命令:
adb shell dumpsys activity intents //主要輸出 PendingIntentRecord
adb shell dumpsys activity broadcasts
adb shell dumpsys activity providers// Published single-user content providers (by class) / Published user 0 content providers (by class) /
adb shell dumpsys activity permissions
adb shell dumpsys activity services
adb shell dumpsys activity recents
adb shell dumpsys activity activities
adb shell dumpsys activity processes
練習二:
輸入:
adb shell dumpsys activity top
輸出:
TASK com.jianshu.haruki id=101
ACTIVITY com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.MainActivity fb571c1 pid=21291
// ... 只舉出了前兩行,省略了 N 行代碼
獲取當前 Android 系統中與用戶交互的 Activity 的詳細信息,根據輸出可得到簡書的應用包名是:「com.jianshu .haruki」
練習三:
輸入:
adb shell dumpsys activity activities
意義:
顯示當前所有在運行的任務棧,它們的 id 分別是什么。對于每個 Task 也有 Activity 數量等信息,同時也列出了其中的 Activity 列表,并且對于每個 Activity 也有比較詳細的描述,比如啟動它的 Intent 的內容。如果覺得內容過多,只想看看棧的內容,也可以直接跳到「Running activities (most recent first) 那部分,比較簡潔而又明了的列出了棧中的 Activity 列表,就能知道當按下返回鍵的時候會應該回到哪個 Activity 」
練習四:
輸入:
adb shell dumpsys package com.jianshu.haruki[此處寫的是『簡書』的應用包名]
輸出:
Activity Resolver Table: // 標注:這里開始解析「activity」標簽
Full MIME Types:
text/plain:
28edf2a com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.editor.EditorActivityV19
Base MIME Types:
text:
28edf2a com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.editor.EditorActivityV19
Schemes:
jianshu: // 標注:列出了所有以 jianshu 為 scheme 的 Activity
3057264 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.messages.submission.SubmissionDetailActivity
350011b com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.MainActivity
96cc891 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.user.collection.CollectionActivity (2 filters)
993c3f6 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.user.userinfo.UserCenterActivity (2 filters)
f48e2b8 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.activity.NotifyDetailActivity
f845ccd com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.articledetail.ArticleDetailActivity
fe393f7 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.user.notebook.normal.NotebookActivity (2 filters)
tencent100410602:
3302982 com.jianshu.haruki/com.tencent.tauth.AuthActivity
Non-Data Actions: // 標注:列出了所有有「intent-filter」標簽但是無「data」標簽的 Activity
android.intent.action.MAIN:
4b37893 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.splash.SplashScreenActivity
com.sina.weibo.sdk.action.ACTION_SDK_REQ_ACTIVITY:
3d950d0 com.jianshu.haruki/haruki.jianshu.com.lib_share.weibo.WBShareActivity
android.intent.action.CREATE_SHORTCUT:
28edf2a com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.editor.EditorActivityV19
// 省略多行
MIME Typed Actions:
android.intent.action.SEND:
28edf2a com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.editor.EditorActivityV19
Receiver Resolver Table: // 標注:這里開始解析「receiver」標簽
Schemes:
package: // 標注:列出了所有以 jianshu 為 scheme 的 receiver
c930aef com.jianshu.haruki/com.huawei.android.pushagent.PushEventReceiver
Non-Data Actions:// 標注:列出了所有含「intent-filter」標簽但是無「action」標簽的 receiver
com.xiaomi.mipush.MESSAGE_ARRIVED:
bcaa9fc com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.ui.receiver.xiaomi.XiaoMiPushReceiver
android.intent.action.ACTION_POWER_DISCONNECTED:
9fd5885 com.jianshu.haruki/com.igexin.sdk.PushReceiver
// 省略多行
Service Resolver Table:// 標注:這里開始解析「service」標簽
Non-Data Actions:// 標注:列出了所有含「intent-filter」標簽但是無「action」標簽的 service
com.google.firebase.INSTANCE_ID_EVENT:
649f732 com.jianshu.haruki/com.google.firebase.iid.FirebaseInstanceIdService
com.igexin.sdk.action.service.message:
97bac83 com.jianshu.haruki/com.igexin.sdk.PushService
Permissions:
Permission [com.jianshu.haruki.permission.C2D_MESSAGE] (88a8e00):
sourcePackage=com.jianshu.haruki
uid=10141 gids=null type=0 prot=signature
perm=Permission{e42a639 com.jianshu.haruki.permission.C2D_MESSAGE}
packageSetting=PackageSetting{a1c547e com.jianshu.haruki/10141}
Permission [getui.permission.GetuiService.com.jianshu.haruki] (7428ddf):
sourcePackage=com.jianshu.haruki
uid=10141 gids=null type=0 prot=normal
perm=Permission{80a8a2c getui.permission.GetuiService.com.jianshu.haruki}
packageSetting=PackageSetting{a1c547e com.jianshu.haruki/10141}
Permission [com.jianshu.haruki.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE] (c9e6cf5):
sourcePackage=com.jianshu.haruki
uid=10141 gids=null type=0 prot=signature
perm=Permission{f253a8a com.jianshu.haruki.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE}
packageSetting=PackageSetting{a1c547e com.jianshu.haruki/10141}
Registered ContentProviders:
com.jianshu.haruki/com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider:
Provider{b6c28fb com.jianshu.haruki/com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider}
com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.db.core.JianshuProvider:
Provider{eac1d18 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.db.core.JianshuProvider}
com.jianshu.haruki/com.sensorsdata.analytics.android.sdk.SensorsDataContentProvider:
Provider{8b5e371 com.jianshu.haruki/com.sensorsdata.analytics.android.sdk.SensorsDataContentProvider}
ContentProvider Authorities:
[com.jianshu.haruki.SensorsDataContentProvider]:
Provider{8b5e371 com.jianshu.haruki/com.sensorsdata.analytics.android.sdk.SensorsDataContentProvider}
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{b247556 com.jianshu.haruki}
[com.jianshu.haruki.firebaseinitprovider]:
Provider{b6c28fb com.jianshu.haruki/com.google.firebase.provider.FirebaseInitProvider}
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{b247556 com.jianshu.haruki}
[com.jianshu.haruki.provider]:
Provider{eac1d18 com.jianshu.haruki/com.baiji.jianshu.db.core.JianshuProvider}
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{b247556 com.jianshu.haruki}
Key Set Manager:
[com.jianshu.haruki]
Signing KeySets: 67
Packages:
Package [com.jianshu.haruki] (a1c547e):
userId=10141
pkg=Package{ca59d7 com.jianshu.haruki}
codePath=/data/app/com.jianshu.haruki-2
resourcePath=/data/app/com.jianshu.haruki-2
legacyNativeLibraryDir=/data/app/com.jianshu.haruki-2/lib
primaryCpuAbi=arm64-v8a
secondaryCpuAbi=null
versionCode=2017082915 targetSdk=23
versionName=2.6.0
splits=[base]
applicationInfo=ApplicationInfo{b247556 com.jianshu.haruki}
flags=[ HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA LARGE_HEAP ]
dataDir=/data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki
supportsScreens=[small, medium, large, xlarge, resizeable, anyDensity]
timeStamp=2017-09-22 15:39:43
firstInstallTime=2017-09-22 15:38:20
lastUpdateTime=2017-09-22 15:40:02
signatures=PackageSignatures{d1f2c4 [8f445ad]}
installPermissionsFixed=true installStatus=1
pkgFlags=[ HAS_CODE ALLOW_CLEAR_USER_DATA LARGE_HEAP ]
declared permissions:
getui.permission.GetuiService.com.jianshu.haruki: prot=normal, INSTALLED
com.jianshu.haruki.permission.MIPUSH_RECEIVE: prot=signature, INSTALLED
com.jianshu.haruki.permission.C2D_MESSAGE: prot=signature, INSTALLED
requested permissions:
android.permission.INTERNET
android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE
// 省略多行
install permissions:
com.jianshu.haruki.permission.C2D_MESSAGE: granted=true
com.google.android.c2dm.permission.RECEIVE: granted=true
android.permission.MANAGE_ACCOUNTS: granted=true
getui.permission.GetuiService.com.jianshu.haruki: granted=true
// 省略多行
User 0: installed=true hidden=false stopped=false notLaunched=false enabled=0
gids=[3002, 3003, 3001]
runtime permissions:
android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: granted=true
android.permission.READ_PHONE_STATE: granted=true
android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE: granted=true
disabledComponents:
com.huawei.android.pushagent.PushBootReceiver
練習五:
輸入:
adb shell dumpsys meminfo com.jianshu.haruki[此處寫的是『簡書』的應用包名]
輸出:
Applications Memory Usage (kB):
Uptime: 94384953 Realtime: 367426401
** MEMINFO in pid 21291 [com.jianshu.haruki] **
Pss Private Private Swapped Heap Heap Heap
Total Dirty Clean Dirty Size Alloc Free
------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------ ------
Native Heap 20236 19432 0 1180 50580 48838 1741
Dalvik Heap 12299 12264 0 56 52530 45197 7333
Dalvik Other 23104 23064 0 9680
Stack 1484 1484 0 0
Ashmem 134 128 0 0
Gfx dev 14698 14596 0 0
Other dev 10 0 8 0
.so mmap 5924 252 4312 2908
.apk mmap 27189 144 26692 0
.ttf mmap 130 0 104 0
.dex mmap 12242 12 11060 0
.oat mmap 3661 0 1256 4
.art mmap 2450 1940 92 144
Other mmap 1300 12 1280 0
EGL mtrack 41280 41280 0 0
Unknown 6052 6044 0 84
TOTAL 172193 120652 44804 14056 103110 94035 9074
App Summary
Pss(KB)
------
Java Heap: 14296
Native Heap: 19432
Code: 43832
Stack: 1484
Graphics: 55876
Private Other: 30536
System: 6737
TOTAL: 172193 TOTAL SWAP (KB): 14056
Objects
Views: 837 ViewRootImpl: 1
AppContexts: 2 Activities: 1
Assets: 4 AssetManagers: 2
Local Binders: 31 Proxy Binders: 31
Parcel memory: 23 Parcel count: 92
Death Recipients: 1 OpenSSL Sockets: 2
SQL
MEMORY_USED: 1054
PAGECACHE_OVERFLOW: 297 MALLOC_SIZE: 62
DATABASES
pgsz dbsz Lookaside(b) cache Dbname
4 24 36 112/19/5 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/com.jianshu.haruki
4 76 176 116/64/25 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/google_app_measurement.db
4 40 33 6/21/5 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/tencent_analysis.db
4 32 98 75/26/12 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/bugly_db_
4 40 19 4/19/3 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/pri_tencent_analysis.db
4 20 34 3/18/4 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/ThrowalbeLog.db
4 20 32 786/19/5 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/sharesdk.db
4 124 57 45/24/10 /data/user/0/com.jianshu.haruki/databases/jian_shu.db
command | description |
---|---|
adb shell dumpsys activity | 獲取當前 Android 系統 Activity 棧中 Activity 信息 |
adb shell dumpsys activity top | 獲取當前 Android 系統 中與用戶交互的 Activity 的詳細信息 |
adb shell dumpsys meminfo [應用包名] | 查看應用的內存使用情況 |
adb shell dumpsys package [應用報名] | 獲取手機里面某個 apk 的應用信息、版本信息 |
adb shell dumpsys activity activities | 顯示當前所有在運行的任務棧,并可查看棧中所有的 Activity 的列表 |
參考鏈接:
官方文檔,這里有比較詳細的文檔介紹: https://developer.android.com/studio/command-line/dumpsys.html
開發必備---你應該知道的一些 ADB 命令 http://www.lxweimin.com/p/0693b841c83b
dumpsys 命令用法 http://gityuan.com/2017/07/04/ams_dumpsys/