PList（XML屬性列表）
屬性列表是一種 XML 格式的文件，擴展名為 plist 。
- 如果對象時 NSArray、NSDictionnary 類型，可以使用 writeToFile:atomically: 方法直接寫入到屬性列表文件；
- 如果對象時 NSString、NSData 類型，可以使用 writeToFile:atomically:方法寫入對應的文件。
- atomically(寫入原子性) YES:先創建一個臨時文件，直到內容完成后再倒入目標文件；NO：直接寫入文件。
主要操作是在沙盒目錄下的幾個文件夾下操作
// 文檔目錄
NSArray *documents = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSDocumentDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *docDir = documents[0];
// 臨時目錄
NSString *tmpDir = NSTemporaryDirectory();
// 緩存目錄
NSArray *caches = NSSearchPathForDirectoriesInDomains(NSCachesDirectory, NSUserDomainMask, YES);
NSString *cacheDir = caches[0];
// 保存NSArray
NSString *arrayPath = [docDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"array.plist"];
NSArray *arrays = @[@"zhangsan", @"lisi"];
[arrays writeToFile:arrayPath atomically:YES];
//讀取 NSArray
NSArray *dataArray = [NSMutableArray arrayWithContentsOfFile:arrayPath];//注意，如果想添加新的數據，需要NSMutable類型的
NSLog(@"array = %@", dataArray);//直接打印數據。
// 保存 Dict
NSString *dictPath = [docDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"dict.plist"];
NSDictionary *dict = @{@"name":@"zhangsan", @"name2":@"lisi"};
[dict writeToFile:dictPath atomically:YES];
//獲取此路徑下的我們需要的數據（NSArray,NSDictionary,NSString...）
NSMutableDictionary *data = [NSMutableDictionary dictionaryWithContentsOfFile:dictPath];//注意，如果想添加新的數據，需要NSMutable類型的
NSLog(@"dict = %@", data);//直接打印數據。
log.png
// doc 下面創建文件夾
NSFileManager *fileManager = [NSFileManager defaultManager];
NSString *testDirectory = [docDir stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test"];
// 創建目錄
[fileManager createDirectoryAtPath:testDirectory withIntermediateDirectories:YES attributes:nil error:nil];
NSKeyedArchiver（歸檔、反歸檔）
歸檔是一種很常用的文件儲存方法，幾乎任何類型的對象都能夠被歸檔儲存（實際上是一種文件保存的形式).
特點如下：
1.支持復雜的數據對象；
2.對自定義對象進行歸檔處理，對象中的屬性需要基本數據類型，或者是實現了NSCoding協議的對象類型;
3.自定義對象的類也需要實現NSCoding.
4.NSString、NSDictionary、NSArray、NSData、NSNumber等對象可以直接使用 NSKeyArchiver歸檔
歸檔字符串
NSString *homeDictionary = NSHomeDirectory();//獲取根目錄
NSString *homePath = [homeDictionary stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"test.archiver"];//添加儲存的文件名
BOOL flag = [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:@"guidang" toFile:homePath];//歸檔一個字符串或數組
NSString *string = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:homePath];
NSLog(@"歸檔 ＝ %@",string);
歸檔多對象
//準備數據
CGPoint point = CGPointMake(1.0, 2.0);
NSString *info = @"坐標原點";
NSInteger value = 10;
NSString *multiHomePath = [NSHomeDirectory() stringByAppendingPathComponent:@"multi.archiver"];
NSMutableData *data = [[NSMutableData alloc]init];
NSKeyedArchiver *archvier = [[NSKeyedArchiver alloc]initForWritingWithMutableData:data];
//對多個對象進行歸檔
[archvier encodeCGPoint:point forKey:@"kPoint"];
[archvier encodeObject:info forKey:@"kInfo"];
[archvier encodeInteger:value forKey:@"kValue"];
[archvier finishEncoding];
[data writeToFile:multiHomePath atomically:YES];
NSMutableData *dataR = [[NSMutableData alloc]initWithContentsOfFile:multiHomePath];
NSKeyedUnarchiver *unarchiver = [[NSKeyedUnarchiver alloc]initForReadingWithData:dateR];
CGPoint pointR = [unarchiver decodeCGPointForKey:@"kPoint"];
NSString *infoR = [unarchiver decodeObjectForKey:@"kInfo"];
NSInteger valueR = [unarchiver decodeIntegerForKey:@"kValue"];
[unarchiver finishDecoding];
NSLog(@"%f,%f,%@,%d",pointR.x,pointR.y,infoR,valueR);
歸檔自定義對象
Person.h
#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
@interface Person : NSObject <NSCoding>
@property (strong, nonatomic) NSString *name;
@property (assign, nonatomic) int age;
+ (id) initPersonWithName: (NSString *) name age: (int) age;
@end
Person.m
@implementation Person
+ (id) initPersonWithName:(NSString *)name age:(int)age
{
Person *person = [[Person alloc]init];
person.name = name;
person.age = age;
return person;
}
- (void) encodeWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aCoder
{
[aCoder encodeObject:_name forKey:@"name"];
[aCoder encodeInt:_age forKey:@"age"];
}
- (id) initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder
{
self = [super init];
if (self) {
_name = [aDecoder decodeObjectForKey:@"name"];
_age = [aDecoder decodeIntForKey:@"age"];
}
return self;
}
@end
歸檔、反歸檔
Person *person = [Person initPersonWithName:@"zhangsan" age:18];
BOOL flag1 = [NSKeyedArchiver archiveRootObject:person toFile:homePath];
Person *unPerson = [NSKeyedUnarchiver unarchiveObjectWithFile:homePath];
NSLog(@"%@= %d", unPerson.name, unPerson.age);
Preference（偏好設置）
NSUserDefaults快速讀寫，利用系統提供的方法，我們可以快速保存簡單數據類型，如用戶登錄用戶名密碼。NSUserDefaults支持的數據類型有：NSNumber（NSInteger、float、double），NSString，NSDate，NSArray，NSDictionary，BOOL.
NSUserDefaults *defaults = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];//獲取標準函數對象
NSMutableDictionary *defaultcoordinate = [defaults objectForKey:@"default_coordinate"];//通過對象獲取名稱下NSMutableDictionary數據
NSString *currentCity = [defaultcoordinate objectForKey:@"c_name"];
[defaults setObject:@"kaka" forKey:@"newdata"];//添加id對象類型數據
[defaults objectForKey:@"newdata"];//獲取對象類型數據
[defaults setDouble:2013 forKey:@"double"];//添加double類型數據
[defaults doubleForKey:@"double"];//獲取double類型數據
[defaults setBool:NO forKey:@"BOOL"];//添加BOOL類型數據
[defaults boolForKey:@"BOOL"];//獲取BOOL類型數據
[defaults setInteger:12 forKey:@"int"];//添加int類型數據
[defaults integerForKey:@"int"];//獲取int類型數據
[defaults setFloat:0.23 forKey:@"float"];//添加Float類型數據
[defaults floatForKey:@"float"];//獲取float類型數據
[defaults removeObjectForKey:@"newdata"];//刪除對象數據
[defaults synchronize];//Synchronize同步操作
