go back, date back ,確切的日期，給物品定年代的，
we'v been friends foe long; we go way back since..
write widely on science ,
It has twice the weight of another, twice as heavy?
form a theory to explain what is going on, and then carry on an experiment to see whether the theory works?
pick holes in the argument?
in orbit around/round the sun,不用the，不是具體的圈 out of shape try to be in shape, in bed 只是一種狀態 ，不是具體一張床，
alpha particles bounced back off the paper, step off of the train ,從火車里面出來，由內憂外，step off the wall, 只是遠離了這個墻 the pingpang is bouncing on the table?
artillery shall 炮彈殼?
all the more,
?in some degree, in some measure, in some extend ,
outlook?
an attitude or point of view
expectations for the future, especially with respect to a particular situation
a view seen from a place
an idea about what a situation will be like in the future
your general attitude toward things
前景 觀點 人生觀 景色 外觀
eclipse?
日食；月食an occasion when the moon passes between the earth and the sun so that you cannot see all or part of the sun for a time; an occasion when the earth passes between the moon and the sun so that you cannot see all or part of the moon for a time
（重要性、權勢等的）喪失，黯然失色，暗淡a loss of importance, power, etc. especially because sb/sth else has become more important, powerful, etc.
v.~ sth 遮住…的光to cause an eclipse
~ sb/sth 使失色；使相形見絀；使喪失重要性to make sb/sth seem dull or unimportant by comparison
mediterranean 地中海 地中海風格 地中海居民
magnificent 壯觀的 富麗堂皇的
ingenious 精巧的 有創意的 巧妙的 機靈的
alchemy 煉金術
flourish 繁榮 興旺 茁壯成長 ?
distillation蒸餾
Arabic numeral 阿拉伯數字
monopoly 專制?
learn 學會 learn of 了解
Belgian anatomist Andreas produced AA, which described his dissections of human corpses with exquisite illustrations.
anatomist 解剖學家 剖析者
dissection ?解剖,分類,切割作用,解剖標本,剝離,剖分,切開
corpse 死尸 尸首
exquisite 精美的 精致的 強烈的?
illustration 插圖 圖解 圖示 ，illustrator插畫家 illustrate 給 配插圖
skeptical 懷疑的
laid foundation ,form basis ,
a host of 一大堆的
open up new fields of science ,in to which marched Danish physicist?
thermodynamics 熱力學的 使用熱動力的
geologist 地質學家 strata ?stratum 的復數 地層 layer 層
proposed 被提出
demonstrate 證明 推演 示范?
leapfrog 跳躍式前進?
The idea of Big Bang began to take root.
chromosomes 染色體?
inheritance 遺傳 遺產 繼承權 遺傳特征
falsify ,disprove, bring an entire theory crushing down,整個理論坍塌，quash ,discredit, ?
1.perpetual
不間斷的；持續的；長久的continuing for a long period of time without interruption ?a perpetual struggle to discover
一再反復的；無盡無休的；沒完沒了的frequently repeated, in a way that is annoying ?perpetual quarrel 無休止的爭吵
終身的；永久的lasting for the whole of sb's life perpetual imprisonment 終生監禁
2.lay foundations for
date back 感覺一直不被發現?
go back ? ?we go way back我們是朋友好久了
twice the weight as/of another?
form a theory to explain what is going on and then carry out an experiment to see whether the theory works?
artillery shall 炮彈殼
is all the more 顯然之上的更進一步?
Every experiment that gives predicted answers is supporting evidence,but one experiment that fails may bring an entire theory crashing down.
in some mesure 某種程度上
Those could not have been found without the vacuum pump and ,in 1799, the invention of the battery 本來可能不會發生 could not have done ?I could have found him ?
set up?
AD 公元紀年（拉丁語Anno Domini）英語為 CB（Common Ero） BCE/BC 公元前 before common Ero
虛擬語氣?
過去的假設，could not have found her
in the works ?某人已經在做這件事了 it is in the works ?
learn ?學會?
learn of 聽說 了解了
?falsify 證偽 overturn 推翻 quash? 鎮壓? 證偽? 壓碎 推翻 discredit 證明。。錯 使名譽不再 使人民不再相信 ?shake 動搖根基 推翻
monopoly n.壟斷者 壟斷?
thereby 因此?
quash ?鎮壓 ?證偽 ?壓碎 推翻?
mistical 神秘的 alchemy 煉金術
form the basis for classical physics
leapfrog 跳山羊 ?越級升職 ?超越
fleece 動物的毛皮 ?duck feather /duck down 鴨毛 鴨絨?
3.assert
明確肯定；斷言to state clearly and firmly that sth is true assert that
~ yourself 堅持自己的主張；表現堅定to behave in a confident and determined way so that other people pay attention to your opinionsAssert yourself and see what your partner does with that
~ sth 維護自己的權利（或權威）to make other people recognize your right or authority to do sth, by behaving firmly and confidently assert her innocent 堅持聲稱她是無辜的
~ itself 生效；起作用to start to have an effect
4.astronomer, stargazer, astrophysicist ,space scientist 天文學家
astrolabe 星盤
5.empirical
以實驗（或經驗）為依據的；經驗主義的based on experiments or experience rather than ideas or theories Some of our philosophers would say that they pursue conceptual analysis rather than empirical inquiry.[in'kwairi]有的哲學家會說，他們想要的是概念分析，而不是實證調查。
6.-rical ?adj. ?與..有關的 numerical 數字的 用數字表示的 spherical 球形的 aspherical （尤指光學鏡片）非球面的 （northern hemisphere 北半球）centrical 中心的 重要的 ?hysterical 歇斯底里的 ?historical 與歷史有關的 有關過去事件的 electrical 電動的 發電的
7.Building on the work of the Arab scientist 600 years earlier, and soon to be reinforced by the French philosopher , Bacon's scientific method requires ..
reinforce
~ sth 加強；充實；使更強烈to make a feeling, an idea, etc. stronger reinforce the prejudice 加深偏見
~ sth 加固；使更結實to make a structure or material stronger, especially by adding another material to it reinforced concrete鋼筋混凝土
~ sth 給…加強力量（或裝備）；使更強大to send more people or equipment in order to make an army, etc. stronger reinforce the front line 增援前線
8 pick holes 挑毛病，pick a hole in 找茬 ，pick and choose 挑挑揀揀 luggage pick up 行李領取， pick up points and times 接站地點和事件，pick sb. out 看中某人 認出某人，pick a pocket 扒竊
9 falsify
to alter something in order to deceive 偽造 falsify evidence 偽造證據 falsify certificates 偽造執照
to prove that something is incorrect 否證 falsify a statement
to misrepresent the facts in order to mislead 篡改
to change something deliberately in order to trick other people竄改
In fact, Science needs to be repeating test, verify and falsify .測試驗證再否證 ?falsify accounts 做假賬 falsify the theory 理論遭到駁斥
10 hypothesis 假說
hypo-在…之下 hypogeum 地下室 地窖，hypocrisy 偽善 虛偽hypocrite 偽君子
epi-在…之上 epigone追隨者（尤指藝術 ）蹩腳的模仿者 episode插曲一段經歷 電視劇的一集
11. comet 彗星
12.orbit n&v
the path that an astronomical object such as a planet, moon, or satellite follows around a larger astronomical object such as the Sun軌道
an area in which someone or something has power or influence，a sphere of interest, influence, or activity 活動范圍 影響范圍
v.move in an orbit(round the earth or some other heavenly body) 沿軌道運行
to move around a large object in space such as a planet圍繞…運動
orbit around 圍軌道運行
in shape ,out of shape, 不是具體的哪一個形狀?
come out of the train , ?bounce back off the train ,?
13.speculative ?推測的 ?推斷的 投機的 speculative demand 退機型需求
14.deflection n.偏移 移角
15. foil n.錫箔紙 v. 襯托，阻撓
16.artillery n炮火 大炮
artillery shall 炮彈殼?
17.compelling
attracting strong interest and attention 引人入勝的 扣人心弦的
necessitating action or belief 強有力的
interesting or exciting enough to keep your attention completely
able to persuade someone to do something or persuade them that something is true 令人信服的
compelling evidence 強有力充分的證據
18. geocentric adj.以地球為中心的
? geocentric theory 地心說 ?heliocentric theory 日心說
19.simultaneously 同時發生的 同步的
simultaneous interpretation 同傳 ?consecutive interpretation 交傳
consecutive 連續不斷的 ?不被打斷的
20 apparatus 儀器 ?器官
21.vacuum n.真空 真空吸塵器， vacuum pump 真空泵
