內(nèi)容原文來自公開發(fā)布的文獻(xiàn)或刊物，由老甘翻譯，點(diǎn)擊“閱讀原文”查看文章來源
來源： 公眾號(hào)“清晨朗讀會(huì)”
https://sivers.org/mindset
Fixed mindset vs Growth mindset
One of the most important concepts I’ve learned is the difference between the “fixed” mindset and the “growth” mindset.
我最近了解到的最重要的概念之一，就是“固定型”和“成長(zhǎng)型”思維方式之間的區(qū)別。
It’s a little bit like “nature vs nurture”:
有一點(diǎn)像“先天”和“后天”的區(qū)別：
People in a fixed mindset believe you either are or aren’t good at something, based on your inherent nature, because it’s just who you are.
固定型思維的人覺得你是不是擅長(zhǎng)一件事，取決于你的內(nèi)在天賦，那才是真正的你。
People in a growth mindset believe anyone can be good at anything, because your abilities are entirely due to your actions.
成長(zhǎng)型思維的人認(rèn)為任何人在任何領(lǐng)域都可以取得成功，因?yàn)槟愕哪芰ν耆Q于你的行動(dòng)。
This sounds simple, but it’s surprisingly deep. The fixed mindset is the most common and the most harmful, so it’s worth understanding and considering how it’s affecting you.
這聽起來很簡(jiǎn)單，但實(shí)際上卻出奇得深?yuàn)W。固定型思維是最普遍的思維，同時(shí)傷害也是最大的，所以值得深入地理解和考慮它是如何影響你的。
For example:
舉例來說：
In a fixed mindset, you believe “She’s a natural born singer” or “I’m just no good at dancing.”
在固定型思維中，你堅(jiān)信“她是一個(gè)天生的歌手”或者“我就是不擅長(zhǎng)跳舞。”
In a growth mindset, you believe “Anyone can be good at anything. Skill comes only from practice.”
而在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，你相信“有志者事竟成。熟能生巧。”
The fixed mindset believes trouble is devastating. If you believe, “You’re either naturally great or will never be great,” then when you have any trouble, your mind thinks, “See? You’ll never be great at this. Give up now.”
擁有固定型思維的人覺得麻煩就是災(zāi)難。如果你覺得，“你要么是天生偉大，要么永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)變得偉大”，那么當(dāng)你遇到些麻煩的時(shí)候就不禁會(huì)想“看到了吧？你永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)成功的。現(xiàn)在就放棄吧。”
The growth mindset believes trouble is just important feedback in the learning process.
成長(zhǎng)性思維的人認(rèn)為遇到的麻煩只是學(xué)習(xí)過程中重要的反饋。
Can you see how this subtle difference in mindset can change everything?
你能理解不同思維方式之間的微妙不同是如何改變一切的嗎？
More examples:
還有更多的例子呢：
In a fixed mindset, you want to hide your flaws so you’re not judged or labeled a failure.
固定型思維的你想要掩藏自己的缺點(diǎn)，這樣別人就不會(huì)判定你是失敗的，或者給你貼個(gè)“失敗者”的標(biāo)簽。
In a growth mindset, your flaws are just a TO-DO list of things to improve.
在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，你的思維就是你前進(jìn)路上的“待辦事項(xiàng)”列表。
In a fixed mindset, you stick with what you know to keep up your confidence.
在固定型思維中，你堅(jiān)持自己所知道的，這樣才能讓自己保持信心。
In a growth mindset, you keep up your confidence by always pushing into the unfamiliar, to make sure you’re always learning.
在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，保持信心的方式是不斷迫使自己接觸不熟悉的事物，確保自己一直在學(xué)習(xí)。
In a fixed mindset, you look inside yourself to find your true passion and purpose, as if this is a hidden inherent thing.
在固定型思維中，你會(huì)不斷反省自己，想找到真正的熱情和人生目標(biāo)，仿佛這些東西是天生的一樣。
In a growth mindset, you commit to mastering valuable skills regardless of mood, knowing passion and purpose come from doing great work, which comes from expertise and experience.
在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，你會(huì)不帶情緒地去掌握有價(jià)值的技巧，并且明白熱情和目標(biāo)在做偉大事情的過程當(dāng)中就會(huì)顯現(xiàn)，這需要專業(yè)知識(shí)和經(jīng)驗(yàn)。
In a fixed mindset, failures define you.
在固定型思維中，失敗限定了你。
In a growth mindset, failures are temporary setbacks.
在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，失敗只是暫時(shí)的挫折。
In a fixed mindset, you believe if you’re romantically compatible with someone, you should share all of eachother’s views, and everything should just come naturally.
在固定型思維中，如果你很浪漫地遇到了那個(gè)與你合得來的人，你們應(yīng)該相互分享所有的觀點(diǎn)，所有事情都應(yīng)該水到渠成。
In a growth mindset, you believe a lasting relationship comes from effort and working through inevitable differences.
在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，你會(huì)覺得長(zhǎng)久的關(guān)系源于努力維護(hù)，磨合差異。
In a fixed mindset, it’s all about the outcome. If you fail, you think all effort was wasted.
在固定型思維中，結(jié)果最重要。如果失敗了，所有的努力都白費(fèi)了。
In a growth mindset, it’s all about the process, so the outcome hardly matters.
在成長(zhǎng)型思維中，關(guān)心的是過程，結(jié)果其實(shí)沒那么重要。
And yes, the mindset itself is not fixed. You can change your mindset just by thinking it through.
沒錯(cuò)，思維當(dāng)然不是一成不變的。想改變自己的思維方式只需要徹底地把事情想清楚。
By Derek Sivers
