Opposition to the Tokyo Olympics is? intensifying in Japan
日本國內反對東京奧運會的聲浪越來越大
As the Olympic torch passed through Hiroshima this week, organisers kept the relay away from the streets. A torch-lighting ceremony took place without spectators. Hiroshima, along with Tokyo, the host city, and seven other prefectures, is under a state of emergency amid a fourth wave of covid-19.***
本周,奧林匹克圣火的傳遞活動經過了日本的廣島,組織者們取消了道路上的接力活動。而圣火點燃儀式也在沒有觀眾的情況下進行。受到第四波疫情的侵擾,廣島目前正處于緊急狀態,同樣處于這一狀態的還有奧運會主辦城市東京以及其他七個都道府縣。
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The event underlined the contortions required to host a global sporting extravaganza during a pandemic. The Olympics are scheduled to kick off in two months. About 15,000 athletes and perhaps 90,000 hangers-on from some 200 countries are set to enter Japan. However, 60% of people in Japan would rather not hold the games at all.
廣島的圣火傳遞活動凸顯了在疫情的大背景下,舉辦一項國際性體育盛會所面臨的重重困難。奧運會計劃在兩個月后舉辦,來自 200 多個國家(和地區)的約 15000 名運動員和 90000 名陪同人員將來到日本。但是,60% 的日本人寧愿不舉辦這場盛會。
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With events planned in nine prefectures including Tokyo, training camps across the country, and volunteers coming from all over, more movement is inevitable — and with it, more cases.*** New viral variants complicate things even more. The more infectious b.1.1.7 strain already circulates widely. Participants could bring the virus back to their home countries, many of which have less robust health systems.
包括東京在內的九個都道府縣都計劃舉行比賽,全國都駐扎著(運動員的)訓練營,志愿者們從全國各地趕來,這些活動必然會帶來更高的流動性,隨之而來的是更多的感染病例。并且,新的新冠病毒變種會讓情況更加復雜。傳染性更強的變異病毒 b.1.1.7 已經(在日本)廣泛傳播。參加奧運會的人們可能會將這種變異病毒帶回自己國家,而很多國家的衛生系統還不夠健全。
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According to The Economist's covid-19 tracker, just 4.5% of Japan's adult population has received at least one dose of the vaccine, a shade behind Myanmar.*** More than 80% of Japanese believe the vaccine roll-out is moving too slowly. Approval of the cabinet has in turn slid to record lows.
根據《經濟學人》雜志的疫情跟蹤數據,只有 4.5% 的日本成年人接種了至少一劑疫苗,這一數據略落后于緬甸。超過 80% 的日本人認為疫苗的推廣進展過于緩慢,本屆內閣的支持率也因此滑落到歷史低點。
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Cancelling the Olympics might help allay many voters' suspicions that Suga Yoshihide, Japan's prime minister, is giving priority to the games over their health. But it is not as simple as it seems. Olympic host-city contracts give the ioc the exclusive right to call off the games. If the Japanese government were to cancel unilaterally, the ioc would have the right to seek damages in court, says Matsumoto Taisuke, a sports-law expert at Waseda University in Tokyo.
取消奧運會或許將會有助于減輕許多選民的懷疑,他們此前認為日本的首相菅義偉把奧運會置于國民的健康問題之上。但這樣做并不像看起來那么簡單。《奧運會主辦城市合約書》規定,只有國際奧委會才有權利取消運動會。東京早稻田大學體育法專家松本泰介表示,如果日本政府單方決定取消,國際奧委會將有權在法庭上提出索賠。
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主編:桃子
品控:桃子
審核:夏天
Photo Credit:
CHARLY TRIBALLEAU / AFP
重點詞匯
opposition
/?ɑ?.p??z??.?n/
n.(強烈的)反對,反抗
英文釋義:strong disagreement
例句:China expressed firm opposition to the irresponsible remarks.
搭配短語:opposition parties
同義表達:the opposition
intensify
/?n?ten.s?.fa?/
v.(使)變強,加強,加劇
相關詞匯:intense(adj. 強烈的)
例句:India's health system has been under intense pressure recently.
詞根詞綴:-ify(表示“使......”)
相關詞匯:simple(adj. 簡單的);simplify(使簡化)
相關詞匯:pure(adj. 純凈的);purify(使凈化)
例句:The fighting in the area has intensified sharply.
torch
/t?:rt?/
n. 火炬,火把
搭配短語:a flaming / blazing torch
搭配短語:put sth. to the torch
文化補充:東京奧運會圣火傳遞的理念是 Hope Lights Our Way,意為“希望照亮前路”。該理念希望傳遞相互支持、相互接受和相互鼓舞的想法,將日本人民團結起來。在抵達日本境內后,奧運圣火首先將在日本東北地區巡回,向日本“3.11”大地震和海嘯災區人民傳達希望。
東京奧組委非常重視奧運火炬在廣島的傳遞,奧組委本來邀請了國際奧委會主席巴赫參加傳遞活動,參與接力的多名火炬手也與原子彈爆炸的歷史事件有關聯。不過,由于疫情原因,國際奧委會主席巴赫未能成行,多名火炬手退出了當天的接力活動,其中包括一位 104 歲的原子彈爆炸幸存者。
relay
/?ri?.le?/
n. 接力賽;輪換者
搭配短語:the 4 × 100m relay
搭配短語:torch relay
prefecture
/?pri?.fek.t??/
n. 地方行政區域;(日本的)縣
搭配短語:Saitama prefecture(琦玉縣)
文化補充:日本的都道府縣級別相當于中國的省級行政區,都是中央以下的一級行政區劃。其中都和道都只有一個,即東京都、北海道。府一共有 2 個,分別是京都府和大阪府,而除了都、道、府以外,還有分布在日本全國的 43 個縣,下設市、町、村。
在疫情蔓延的情況下,從當地時間 5 月 16 日開始,日本緊急狀態地區新增了北海道、岡山、廣島,擴大至 9 個都道府縣。政府表示在疫苗接種進行之前有必要繼續進行基本的防疫措施,并再次要求國民佩戴口罩。
underline
/??n.d??la?n/
v. 強調,突出;在(詞語)下面畫線
例句:The successful Mars landing underlines / highlights again the rapid progress that China is making.
近義詞:highlight
contortion
/k?n?t??r.??n/
n. 困難,周折;扭曲的姿勢
近義詞:difficulty
詞根詞綴:con-(一起,共同)
相關詞匯:torture(v./n. 折磨,虐待)
例句:He went through a series of contortions to get the ticket.
extravaganza
/?k?str?v.??ɡ?n.z?/
n. 盛大演出;盛大活動
詞根詞綴:extra-(非常,格外)
搭配短語:Chinese New Year TV gala / extravaganza
kick off
(事件、比賽或討論等)開始;開球
搭配短語:to kick off a new project
相關詞匯:kick-off(n.(事件或活動的)開始)
搭配短語:kick-off meetings
hanger-on
/?h??.??ɑ?n/
n. 跟隨者;逢迎者
inevitable
/??n?ev.?.t??.b?l/
adj. 不可避免的;必然發生的
英文釋義:certain to happen and unable to be avoided or prevented
例句:It seems inevitable that there would be job losses.
infectious
/?n?fek.??s/
adj.(疾病等)傳染的,傳染性的
相關詞匯:infection(n. 感染)
例句:China reports world's first H10N3 human infection case.
搭配短語:an infectious disease
strain
/stre?n/
n. 種類,品種
近義詞:variant
搭配短語:the b.1.1.7 variant
circulate
/?s??.kj?.le?t/
v.(在密閉場所或系統內)傳播,循環
相關詞匯:circle(n. 圓圈)
英文釋義:to form a circle
robust
/ro??b?st/
adj.(體系、組織等)強大的,穩固的;強健的
例句:He looks robust and healthy enough.(強健的)
例句:China's robust economic momentum has carried into the second quarter.((體系等)強大的)
a shade
些許,少量
相關詞匯:shade(n. 陰影)
roll-out
/?r??la?t/
n.(新產品的)投放,推廣
相關短語:roll out(v. 把(面皮等)搟開,將......鋪開來;推出(新產品))
搭配短語:to roll out new technology
搭配短語:a vaccine roll-out plan
approval
/?'pru:.v?l/
n. 認可,贊許;批準
搭配短語:approval rating(支持率)
slide
/sla?d/
v. 下滑,衰落;(貨幣)貶值;滑行,滑動
例句:Car exports slid by 40%.(車輛出口下滑了 40%。)
例句:The US dollar continued to slide.(美元在持續貶值。)
allay
/?'le?/
v. 減輕,緩解
詞義辨析:allay, relieve
兩者都有“減輕,緩解”的意思,但是 relieve 側重于減輕生理上的疼痛或者不適,讓疼痛變得可以忍受;而 allay 更多指緩解恐懼、擔憂等等情緒,而且這種緩解可能是暫時的,并不是長久之計。
例句:Drugs helped to relieve the pain.(藥物幫助舒緩疼痛。)
例句:The president made a statement to allay public anxiety about the spread of the disease.(總統發表了一項聲明,想要緩解人們對疾病蔓延的擔心。)
exclusive
/?k'sklu:.s?v/
adj. 專有的,獨有的,排他的
相關詞匯:exclude(把......排除在外)
搭配短語:the exclusive rights to offer live matches
call off
取消
同義詞:cancel
例句:I have to call off my camping trip.
unilaterally
/?ju?.n??l?t?.?.?l.i/
adv. 單方面地
詞根詞綴:uni-(表示“單一”)
相關詞匯:unique(adj. 獨特的)
相關詞匯:lateral(adj. 側面的)
相關詞匯:unilateral(adj. 單邊的,單方的)
搭配短語:a unilateral decision(一個單方面的決定)
相關詞匯:bilateral(adj. 雙邊的);multilateral(adj. 多邊的)
加