安裝MySQL服務（配置編碼格式）
- 安裝mysql服務
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:~$ sudo apt install mysql-server
[sudo] password for xiaodong:
Reading package lists... Done
......
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
......
Preconfiguring packages ...
......
Setting up libhtml-tagset-perl (3.20-2)
......
Setting up mysql-server (5.7.17-0ubuntu0.16.04.2) ...
Processing triggers for libc-bin (2.23-0ubuntu7) ...
Processing triggers for systemd (229-4ubuntu16) ...
Processing triggers for ureadahead (0.100.0-19) ...
- 查看MySQL的狀態(tài)
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:~$ sudo service mysql status
[sudo] password for xiaodong:
● mysql.service - MySQL Community Server
Loaded: loaded (/lib/systemd/system/mysql.service; enabled; vendor preset: enabled)
Active: active (running) since Wed 2017-04-19 21:01:19 CST; 28min ago
Main PID: 4151 (mysqld)
Tasks: 28
Memory: 110.6M
CPU: 3.911s
CGroup: /system.slice/mysql.service
└─4151 /usr/sbin/mysqld
Apr 19 21:01:17 Xiaodong-VMSrv systemd[1]: Starting MySQL Community Server...
Apr 19 21:01:19 Xiaodong-VMSrv systemd[1]: Started MySQL Community Server.```
* 登錄
```shell
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:~$ mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MySQL connection id is 5
Server version: 5.7.17-0ubuntu0.16.04.2 (Ubuntu)
Copyright (c) 2000, 2016, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql> show databases;#查看數(shù)據(jù)庫
+--------------------+
| Database |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mysql |
| performance_schema |
| sys |
+--------------------+
4 rows in set (0.00 sec)```
* 顯示編碼格式
```shell
mysql> show VARIABLES LIKE '%char%'
-> ;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | latin1 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | latin1 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.06 sec)
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%colla%';
+----------------------+-------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-------------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | latin1_swedish_ci |
| collation_server | latin1_swedish_ci |
+----------------------+-------------------+
3 rows in set (0.07 sec)
- 退出
mysql> exit
Bye
- 逐級進入配置文件
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:~$ cd /etc/mysql
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:/etc/mysql$ ls
conf.d debian.cnf debian-start my.cnf my.cnf.fallback mysql.cnf mysql.conf.d
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:/etc/mysql$
- 修改配置文件（編碼格式）
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:/etc/mysql$ sudo nano my.cnf
[sudo] password for xiaodong:
#修改配置文件（修改數(shù)據(jù)庫編碼格式）
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
#保存退出
vim----命令（先按esc鍵-->輸入:wq保存修改并退出，輸入:q!不保存修改并退出編輯器）
- 重啟mysql服務
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:/etc/mysql$ sudo service mysql restart
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:/etc/mysql$ mysql -uroot -p
Enter password:
......
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
- 查看編碼格式是否修改正確
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%CHAR%'
-> ;
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
| character_set_client | utf8 |
| character_set_connection | utf8 |
| character_set_database | utf8 |
| character_set_filesystem | binary |
| character_set_results | utf8 |
| character_set_server | utf8 |
| character_set_system | utf8 |
| character_sets_dir | /usr/share/mysql/charsets/ |
+--------------------------+----------------------------+
8 rows in set (0.01 sec)
#下面是查看mysql的排序規(guī)則
mysql> SHOW VARIABLES LIKE '%colla%';
+----------------------+-----------------+
| Variable_name | Value |
+----------------------+-----------------+
| collation_connection | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_database | utf8_general_ci |
| collation_server | utf8_general_ci |
+----------------------+-----------------+
3 rows in set (0.10 sec)
- 回到用戶目錄
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:/etc/mysql$ cd```
* 查看IP地址
```shell
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:~$ ifconfig
enp0s3 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 08:00:27:69:ec:7a
inet addr:192.168.1.138 Bcast:192.168.1.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
inet6 addr: fd7a:3e42:5e2f:0:a00:27ff:fe69:ec7a/64 Scope:Global
inet6 addr: fe80::a00:27ff:fe69:ec7a/64 Scope:Link
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:17403 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:7494 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:21652498 (21.6 MB) TX bytes:625769 (625.7 KB)
lo Link encap:Local Loopback
inet addr:127.0.0.1 Mask:255.0.0.0
inet6 addr: ::1/128 Scope:Host
UP LOOPBACK RUNNING MTU:65536 Metric:1
RX packets:160 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:160 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1
RX bytes:11840 (11.8 KB) TX bytes:11840 (11.8 KB)
ip地址----192.168.1.138```
* 創(chuàng)建一個用戶，使得通過這個用戶的所有外界主機能夠連接到服務器中的mysql(允許所有IP都能登錄的用戶)
```shell
mysql> create user 'xiaodong'@'%' IDENTIFIED BY 'xiaoxiao'
-> ;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql> flush privileges;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
#為該用戶授權，便于后面的數(shù)據(jù)庫操作
mysql> grant all on *.* to 'xiaodong'@'%';
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)
mysql>
- 修改監(jiān)聽地址
- 默認情況下MySQL只允許本機
localhost(127.0.0.1)訪問，有時為了開發(fā)需求，我們需要讓MySQL監(jiān)聽外來機器的請求。這樣也便于后期項目的部署。
- 默認情況下MySQL只允許本機
#
# * IMPORTANT: Additional settings that can override those from this file!
# The files must end with '.cnf', otherwise they'll be ignored.
#
!includedir /etc/mysql/conf.d/
!includedir /etc/mysql/mysql.conf.d/
#修改后的配置文件
[client]
default-character-set = utf8
[mysqld]
character-set-server = utf8
collation-server = utf8_general_ci
bind-address = 0.0.0.0#添加監(jiān)聽ip
- 查看監(jiān)聽詳情
xiaodong@Xiaodong-VMSrv:~$ sudo netstat -tap | grep mysql
tcp 0 0 *:mysql *:* LISTEN 2254/mysqld
0 *:mysql-----指的所有外界主機ip都可連接
