方法是自己寫一個仿瀏覽器。他不可能把我們的瀏覽器給禁止掉吧。除了做一個瀏覽器還要有幾個輔助的條件，cookie機制，IP代理，請求時間間隔。
一想到瀏覽器，我天瀏覽器可是一個我們的工具啊，那要用多少代碼給堆起來啊，一這么頭就大了。可事實并非要做到瀏覽器那邊復雜和健全，只是拿一些必不可少東西讓爬去的網站認為是瀏覽器在訪問就可以了。這里的必不可少的東西就請求中的Hesders,只要我們把該傳的傳過去了就可以實現欺騙了。
如圖：
具體實現是這樣：
首先創建一個.py
#encoding:utf-8
importrandom
importbase64
fromsettingsimportPROXIES
classRandomUserAgent(object):
def__init__(self, agents):
self.agents = agents
@classmethod
deffrom_crawler(cls,crawler):
returncls(crawler.settings.getlist('USER_AGENTS'))
defprocess_request(self,
request,spider):
print"**************************"+ random.choice(self.agents)
request.headers.setdefault('User-Agent', random.choice(self.agents))
classProxyMiddleware(object):
defprocess_request(self,
request,spider):
proxy = random.choice(PROXIES)
ifproxy['user_pass']is notNone:
request.meta['proxy'] ="http://%s"% proxy['ip_port']
encoded_user_pass = base64.encodestring(proxy['user_pass'])
request.headers['Proxy-Authorization'] ='Basic '+ encoded_user_pass
print"**************ProxyMiddleware have
pass************"+ proxy['ip_port']
print"請求頭部是什么",request.headers
else:
print"**************ProxyMiddleware no
pass************"+ proxy['ip_port']
request.meta['proxy'] ="http://%s"% proxy['ip_port']
這里是代碼
第二步在settings.py中打開或些必要的東西
添加USER_AGENTS
USER_AGENTS =[
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 6.0; Windows NT 5.1; SV1; AcooBrowser; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; Windows NT 6.0; Acoo Browser; SLCC1; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 5.0; .NET CLR 3.0.04506)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0; AOL 9.5; AOLBuild 4337.35; Windows NT 5.1; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 9.0; en-US)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; Trident/5.0; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; Media Center PC 6.0)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 8.0; Windows NT 6.0; Trident/4.0; WOW64; Trident/4.0; SLCC2; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; .NET CLR 3.5.30729; .NET CLR 3.0.30729; .NET CLR 1.0.3705; .NET CLR 1.1.4322)",
"Mozilla/4.0 (compatible; MSIE 7.0b; Windows NT 5.2; .NET CLR 1.1.4322; .NET CLR 2.0.50727; InfoPath.2; .NET CLR 3.0.04506.30)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN) AppleWebKit/523.15 (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.3 (Change: 287 c9dfb30)",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux; en-US) AppleWebKit/527+ (KHTML, like Gecko, Safari/419.3) Arora/0.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:1.8.1.2pre) Gecko/20070215 K-Ninja/2.1.1",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; zh-CN; rv:1.9) Gecko/20080705 Firefox/3.0 Kapiko/3.0",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; Linux i686; U;) Gecko/20070322 Kazehakase/0.4.5",
"Mozilla/5.0 (X11; U; Linux i686; en-US; rv:1.9.0.8) Gecko Fedora/1.9.0.8-1.fc10 Kazehakase/0.5.6",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/535.11 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/17.0.963.56 Safari/535.11",
"Mozilla/5.0 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10_7_3) AppleWebKit/535.20 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/19.0.1036.7 Safari/535.20",
"Opera/9.80 (Macintosh; Intel Mac OS X 10.6.8; U; fr) Presto/2.9.168 Version/11.52",
]
添加代理IP設置PROXIES
PROXIES =[
{'ip_port':'111.11.228.75:80','user_pass':''},
{'ip_port':'120.198.243.22:80','user_pass':''},
{'ip_port':'111.8.60.9:8123','user_pass':''},
{'ip_port':'101.71.27.120:80','user_pass':''},
{'ip_port':'122.96.59.104:80','user_pass':''},
{'ip_port':'122.224.249.122:8088','user_pass':''},
]
禁用cookies
COOKIES_ENABLED=False
設置下載延遲
DOWNLOAD_DELAY=3
添加DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES
DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES= {
'cnblogs.middlewares.RandomUserAgent':1,#隨機user agent
# 'scrapy.contrib.downloadermiddleware.httpproxy.HttpProxyMiddleware': 110,'cnblogs.middlewares.ProxyMiddleware':100,#代理需要用到}
添加DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS
DEFAULT_REQUEST_HEADERS= {
'Accept':'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,*/*;q=0.8',
'Accept-Language':'en',
}
好了到這里就可以運行了。
免費代理地址：http://www.xicidaili.com/
項目代碼地址：https://github.com/tangyi1234/cnblogs
