現在市面上有許多流行的http框架,其實到底層還是利用了socket。大家都學過TCP/IP的四層協議吧。其實http屬于應用層,而socket則在網絡層。所以http最后肯定要調用socket的。哈哈哈
TCP/IP.png
。下面例子展示了最簡單的http框架,看http是怎么調用到socket的。
package com.example.sockethttp;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.util.Log;
import android.view.View;
import android.widget.Button;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.InetAddress;
import java.net.Socket;
import java.io.BufferedWriter;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {
private Button getbt;
private TextView resulttv;
private Lihttpclent mclient;
private static final String TAG ="wenfeng";
@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
getbt=(Button)findViewById(R.id.Getbt);
resulttv=(TextView)findViewById(R.id.Result);
getbt.setOnClickListener(this);
}
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mclient=new Lihttpclent("www.youku.com");
String response=mclient.excute();
resulttv.setText(response);
}
class Lihttpclent{
private String innersite;
private StringBuilder mbuild = new StringBuilder("");
public Lihttpclent(String site){
this.innersite=site;
}
public String excute() {
Thread getthread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
@Override
public void run() {
try {
Log.i(TAG,"start run");
Socket mSocket=new Socket(
InetAddress.getByName(innersite),
80);
BufferedReader br = new BufferedReader(new
InputStreamReader(
mSocket.getInputStream(),"utf-8"));
BufferedWriter bf = new BufferedWriter((new OutputStreamWriter(
mSocket.getOutputStream())));
StringBuffer requestHeader = new StringBuffer();
requestHeader
.append("GET " + "/"
+ " HTTP/1.1\n")
.append("HOST:" + innersite + "\n")
//.append("Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\n")
.append("Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch\n")
.append("Accept-Language:zh-CN,zh;q=0.8\n")
.append("Cache-Control:no-cache\n")
.append("User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.89 Safari/537.36\n")
.append("Encoding:UTF-8\n")
.append("Connection:keep-alive" + "\n")
.append("\n");
bf.write(requestHeader.toString());
bf.flush();
String line = "";
Log.i(TAG,"start read response");
while((line=br.readLine())!=null)
{
mbuild.append(line);
mbuild.append("\r\n");
}
Log.i(TAG,mbuild.toString());
}catch (Exception e){
Log.i(TAG,"excetion = "+e.toString());
}
}
});
getthread.start();
try {
getthread.join();
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
Log.i(TAG,"outbuilder="+mbuild.toString());
return mbuild.toString();
}
}
}
一般的框架給程序員的接口都很簡單,輸入參數一般是個網址就可以了,上面的例子也是這樣,上面例子的框架類是Lihttpclent,為了簡單說明原理,輸入參數就一個String類型的網址,是不是很簡單呢?
mclient=new Lihttpclent("www.youku.com");
String response=mclient.excute();
他是怎么跟socket聯系在一起的呢?
1.socket構建需要ip地址和端口,所以可以通過InetAddress將網址轉換為ip,端口寫死80就好。
Socket mSocket=new Socket(
InetAddress.getByName(innersite),
80);
2.那現在socket通道構建起來,該給服務器發些啥呢?那就參照http協議羅,協議要啥就發啥,發一個符合http協議的字符串過去就行了,信息包含編碼,緩存,語言等,那服務器就會響應你了。
StringBuffer requestHeader = new StringBuffer();
requestHeader
.append("GET " + "/"
+ " HTTP/1.1\n")
.append("HOST:" + innersite + "\n")
.append("Accept:text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8\n")
.append("Accept-Encoding:gzip, deflate, sdch\n")
.append("Accept-Language:zh-CN,zh;q=0.8\n")
.append("Cache-Control:no-cache\n")
.append("User-Agent:Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/41.0.2272.89 Safari/537.36\n")
.append("Encoding:UTF-8\n")
.append("Connection:keep-alive" + "\n")
.append("\n");
3.開啟一個線程跟服務器通信,然后獲取服務器的響應,將響應的字符串顯示在界面
@Override
public void onClick(View v) {
mclient=new Lihttpclent("www.youku.com");
String response=mclient.excute();
resulttv.setText(response);
}
點擊get按鈕后,等待一下,界面上顯示如下
返回值.jpg
例子的源碼路徑是下面鏈接,大家可以體會下,其實http框架的基本原理就是這樣。當然緩存機制,連接池機制等都是修飾這個大框架的,而衡量框架是否優秀就是看這些修飾了O(∩_∩)O~~。
https://github.com/wenfengtou/SocketHttpDemo