音頻鏈接：喜馬拉雅｜時間管理100講
Let’s continue our topic of contextual management from the last class!
今天我來分享上一節我們延續的話題---情境管理！
Here, I have to share with you a critical idea: whether it is time management or task management, primarily speaking, they are all task classifications. After tasks have been classified, we need to make arrangements based on contexts.
這時我就不得不跟大家分享一個非常重要的理念：管理時間也好，管理事件也罷，其實就是把事件進行分類，事件分類了以后，我們就要根據情境來做安排了。
Then, what is context? Context is the time available to you, the location you are at and your energy level at a certain time.? Think of it as time, location and energy.
什么是情境呢？情境就是你有多少時間，你在什么樣的一個空間，你當時的體能精力怎么樣。
For example, think of a traffic jam.
舉個例子：堵車。
When we are in a traffic jam, we have lots of time but we are confined to the narrow physical space of a vehicle.
我們在堵車的時候，我們的時間很多，我們這個空間也很狹窄。
Under this circumstance, if you are the driver, it will be more inconvenient to complete tasks. If you are a passenger, you have time but， you’re still in a narrow space. In addition, your energy level may be low if you’ve just completed work.? Or if you’re going to work, you may be anxious about making it there on time.? Under either of these circumstances, you may not have enough energy to complete certain complex tasks. So what should you do in this particular context?
如果你開車更不方便，不開車，在車里的空間也很狹窄，我覺得也許你忙碌了一天；也許你很焦慮，要趕著去上班......那這時候你的精力，或者叫能量就不高，這時你想你可以做什么呢？
Actually, under these circumstances, it’s most effective to complete simple tasks instead of complex tasks.
其實你能做的事，不應該是很重要的，你做的事應該是相對比較簡單的。
For example, if I am not the driver, I will meditate or close my eyes to rest for a while; or I can open my Omnifocus app to check my contextual lists, such as my phone call list. Then, I will prioritize the phone call list of the most important calls and complete those calls.
比如說：如果我不開車，我就會冥想一下，或者靜養一下，閉目養神；或者，我這時候就打開我的Omnifocus系統，看看我的類型清單，比如“電話”，我就調出電話清單，看看哪些是相對比較重要的，我就來撥打。
When you open and review your lists, it doesn’t mean you must complete all of those tasks. Instead, it’s important to choose the tasks that are optimal to complete in the current context – that is the time and location you’re in and your current energy level – time, location and energy.
打開清單看一看，不是要把這清單上所有的事情做完，而是選擇適合我當下情境的事情來完成。
Remember what I said in the last lesson: task classification---that is schedules, lists with deadlines and lists without deadlines should be further classified into contexts, such as phone calls, at home, or on the computer. These detailed lists, then, form a system of their own.
所以這時候就回到了我們上節課所講的：事件的分類---第一個是日程表；第二個有截止日的清單；第三個是沒有截止日，按照情境來分的清單，比如說打電話，比如說在家，比如說電腦......這些細分的清單，它就構成了我們的一個系統。
Although calendar tasks are usually simple and recurring, they must be finished promptly and completely at the time they are scheduled. Therefore, when dealing with them, you need to be serious and in a focused mood.? Don’t complete these tasks early or late but on time.? This requires discipline.? Completing them early means it wasn’t scheduled properly and completing them late means that you were not disciplined enough to complete them when assigned.
日歷上的事情少，但是它是特定時間要完成的事情，所以它必須非常嚴謹，遲到了不行，早到太多也不好。這是一類我們要非常嚴謹。
The second classification lists with a deadline involve tasks don’t need to be completed at a specific time but must be completed before the deadline.? These tasks should be completed before the deadline if possible.
第二類就是我們有截止日的清單，那這類事情對時間要求沒那么高，但是也需要在有個截止日之前完成。
Also, it’s important that we do not schedule too many tasks on the list with a deadline. We must still attend to these tasks with discipline and focus since we have put them on our list.? Failure to complete items on the list creates an attitude that it is ok to miss deadlines which is a flaw that will soon spread to all tasks crippling your discipline and effectiveness.
那日程和有截止日的清單，這兩大類的事情，我們不要太多，但是我們要保持嚴謹，因為到了就必須得做。
Tasks without a deadline can be numerous and so must be further arranged into contexts to help organize our handling of these tasks.? The key to completing these tasks lies not in the deadline but in the proper classification of these into time, location and energy level.
對于第三類按情境來分的事情，我們有很多，這時我們就要按照情境來分，然后根據情境來做。
There are three more classifications that we must understand and use to arrange tasks without a deadline… ranging from the very few critically important tasks to important few and the unimportant many.
這也是非常重要的一個分類：由重要&少，以及由相對不重要&多，這樣的標準來把它分成這3類。
In our daily lives, we will frequently encounter emergencies or as Covey would call it: urgent tasks.? Handling these urgent tasks requires flexibility in our task management, therefore, if we arrange too many tasks in our schedules at fixed times that cannot be shifted, we will be overcome with anxiety about all the tasks that must be completed.
我們的生活和工作中，總是有突發事件的發生，在這種變化的時代，如果我們安排過多嚴謹的、固定的日程事件，那就會讓我們覺得很焦慮、很著急。
This is the power of simple tasks arranged and grouped into appropriate contexts.? We have the ability to complete them efficiently and quickly in their proper contexts relieving stress and giving us a sense of flow.
當安排得少，我們就很從容，然后我們就在不同的情境下去匹配做不同的事情的時候，我們就顯得游刃有余。
So, today, I want to share with you a quote, “Maintain discipline without losing flexibility.”
所以今天我想跟大家分享的一句話叫：“保持嚴謹，但不失靈活性。”
Discipline completing tasks at the given time never early and never late.
嚴謹指的是：日程表和清單上的事物，我們在特定時間一定要完成的。
Flexibility means scheduling tasks at the appropriate times and in the right context in such a way that allows for other urgent items to be handled without adverse consequence to your scheduled tasks.
靈活指的是：按照情境去生成的各種各樣的清單，當我們在不同的情境，根據清單去完成不同的事情。
Therefore important items are grouped according to context and listed in an agenda so that even though there is no deadline, there is structure and focus in the organization of these tasks.? Do you see how you create the situation that allows you to best complete these tasks efficiently within its context?
這樣我們把重要的事情放在日程，特定時間的也放在日程，這樣就做到要事優先，但是它是少而精的。
Do you remember the 80/20 principle?? It refers to the idea that 80% of outcomes come from 20% of causes.? We can group 80% of our tasks into 20% of context specific groups.? Think about it – is it easier to complete 80 non-urgent tasks without order or structure or deadlines, or to complete 20 sets of tasks arranged according to time, location and energy level?? Can you see how these concepts are working together to optimize your ability to get things done?
然后80%的事情，我們放在按情境分解的，它不著急，然后又能讓我們去提前，又符合情境，這樣不就是很完美了嗎？
Throughout todays lesson, can you see how we cannot rely on our brains to get things done?
聽到今天的課程，你會越來越覺得：我們不能靠大腦。
Remember, this is because our brains are not designed to organize and memorize tasks.
因為大腦無法去記憶，也無法去分類。
It is easy for us to arrange three fruits according to their sizes, but it becomes hard to do that among seven fruits. So, our brain is neither good at memorizing, nor for managing numerous and complex tasks.
因為我們連排3個水果的大小，是比較容易的，但是排7個水果的大小就很困難，所以我們大腦是不善于記憶，也不善于管理多而且復雜的事件。
And of course, our tasks and responsibilities are far more complex than making a comparison between the size of a watermelon and that of a lemon.
我們的事情遠遠比西瓜和檸檬比大小來得復雜。
So, then, how can we pick out the critical items – that 20% of tasks that we must devote our attention to with focus? It’s hard.
那我們怎么來選出重要性呢？比較難！
So in summary, write all of your tasks down and then classify them according to one of the three classification methods that I’ve mentioned: schedules, lists with deadlines and lists without deadlines. Then, complete the tasks according to schedules at their appropriate time, releasing them from our brains energy, instead focusing on those based on contexts.? This optimizes the use of our brain to do what it was designed to do – action and in so doing it “brings out the best as”.
所以我們只有把它們全部記錄下來，才能對事情進行分類，才能按照我講的那3類進行分解，然后我們才能夠首先保證日程表上的事情被完成，其次才能去完成那些按情境去分解的，這樣就叫相得益彰，難易相成。
Since it’s hard for our brain to organize, classify and manage tasks, what should we do?
大腦很難去做到這樣的管理，那怎么辦呢？
We can rely on an outside system, which includes mobile phones, computers and even paper and pens. Paper and pen are so cheap that they are incredibly suitable for you in this busy and modern society.
那我們就靠外在的系統，外在的移動手機、電腦，甚至紙筆也可以，紙筆也不貴，適合當今社會越來越忙碌的你的需要。
That’s all for this class. Thanks for listening!
這一講我們就講到這里，謝謝你的收聽！
