去年做的大作業，實現用tkinter庫制作簡單的GUI界面并且顯示爬取成功的彈幕，并且制作詞云、分析出現次數最多的十條彈幕，彈幕類型，彈幕顏色，提取封面圖片等。
@[toc]

完整代碼

#大作業  b站彈幕分析系統
from imageio import imread   #加載圖片
import requests             #發出請求                  
import csv                  #文件格式
import re                  #正則表達式篩選
import jieba               #中文分詞
import json      
import urllib3          
from urllib import request            
from PIL import Image,ImageTk    #呈現png，jpg圖片  
import wordcloud                 #繪制詞云
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import Button
from tkinter import messagebox
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt    #繪圖
import matplotlib as mpl
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup as BS    #解析
mpl.rcParams['font.sans-serif'] = ['STKaiti']   #正常顯示中文
                
main=tk.Tk()                         #建立主窗體
main.title('B站彈幕爬取界面')
main.geometry('1000x600')
label=tk.Label(main,text='請輸入bv號')
label.grid(row=0,column=0)
entry=tk.Entry(main)
entry.grid(row=0,column=1)
Button(main,text='分析',command=lambda:menu0()).grid(row=0,column=2)

def menu0():
    bv=entry.get()          #獲得輸入內容
    try:
        if bv!='':         #利用bv號獲得cid，順便獲取duration和pic
            url='http://api.bilibili.com/x/web-interface/view?bvid='+bv
            headers = {
                "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/81.0.4044.129 Safari/537.36"
            }
            urllib3.disable_warnings()  #從urllib3中消除警告
            response = requests.get(url,headers=headers)
            content = json.loads(response.text)
                # 獲取到的是str字符串 需要解析成json數據
            # print(response.content.decode('utf-8'))
            statue_code = content.get('code')
            #print(statue_code)
            if statue_code == 0:
                data=content['data']['pic']
                name='fengmian.jpg'
                request.urlretrieve(data,filename=name)
                
                cid=content['data']['cid']
                duration=content['data']['duration']
            else:
                print('該bv號不存在')
                
                #利用cid獲取并分析彈幕文件
            url1='http://api.bilibili.com/x/v1/dm/list.so?oid='+str(cid)
            response1 = requests.get(url1,headers=headers)
            danmu_html = response1.content.decode('utf-8')
            soup = BS(danmu_html, 'lxml')     #解析
            all_d = soup.select('d')
            time,leixing,color=[],[],[]
            for d in all_d:
                biao=d['p'].split(',')
                #把d標簽中P的各個屬性分離開
                yanse=hex(int(biao[3]))[2:]
                while len(yanse)<6:          #處理顏色
                    yanse='0'+yanse
                yanse1='#'+yanse
                #print(yanse1)
                color.append(yanse1)
                time.append(int(eval(biao[0])))   #處理時間
                leixing.append(int(biao[1]))      #處理類型
                
            res = re.compile('<d.*?>(.*?)</d>')   #處理彈幕文件
            danmu = re.findall(res,danmu_html)  
            
            for i in danmu:            #將彈幕按行寫入csv文件
                with open('b站彈幕.csv','a',newline='',encoding='utf-8-sig') as file:
                    writer = csv.writer(file)
                    danmu = []
                    danmu.append(i)
                    writer.writerow(danmu)
                    
            f = open('b站彈幕.csv',encoding='utf-8')
            txt = f.read()
            f.close()        #打開文件，在文本框插入所有彈幕

            text=tk.Text(main,height=30)
            text.grid(row=1,column=1)
            text.insert('insert',txt)
            
            scrollbar = tk.Scrollbar()    #關聯文本框和滾動條
            scrollbar.grid(row=1, column=1, sticky=tk.N+tk.S)
            text['yscrollcommand'] = scrollbar.set
            scrollbar['command'] = text.yview

            def menu1():
                count=[]
                for i in range(duration):
                    count.append(time.count(i))  #統計每秒彈幕條數
                plt.plot(range(duration),count,'b-',linewidth=2.5,label='彈幕密度')
                plt.xlabel('時間')
                plt.ylabel('彈幕條數')
                plt.legend()
                plt.title('高能進度條')         #繪制折線圖
                plt.savefig('gaoneng.png',dpi=100)
                #填充
                plt.fill_between(x=range(duration),y1=0,y2=count,facecolor='blue', alpha=0.5)
                plt.show()
                
                top0=tk.Toplevel()
                top0.title('高能進度條')
                top0.geometry('600x400')
                
                global img_png1        #顯示圖片
                img = Image.open('gaoneng.png')
                img_png1 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
                label =tk.Label(top0, image = img_png1)
                label.pack()
                
            def menu2():
                txt_list = jieba.lcut(txt)         #精確分詞
                string = ' '.join((txt_list))      #連接成字符串
                #這里需要一張本地圖片，設置成mask參數
                mk = imread('C:/Users/lenovo/Pictures/google.png')
                #這里需要一份停用詞表
                f1=open('F:/stopwords.txt',encoding='utf-8')
                txtt=f1.read()
                f1.close()
                w = wordcloud.WordCloud(max_font_size=10,
                                        background_color='white',
                                        font_path='C:/Windows/SIMLI.TTF',
                                        mask=mk,
                                        scale=2,
                                        stopwords={txtt},
                                        collocations=False,
                                        contour_width=5)
                                        #contour_color='red'
                w.generate(string)    #生成詞云
                w.to_file('axwordcloud.png')
            
                global img_png2
                top=tk.Toplevel()
                top.title('詞云圖')
                top.geometry('800x600')
                img = Image.open('axwordcloud.png')
                img_png2 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
                label =tk.Label(top, image = img_png2)
                label.pack()
            
            def menu3():
                global img_png3
                dic,txt1={},[]
                f = open('b站彈幕.csv',encoding='utf-8')   
                txt= f.readlines()    #這個方法是形成一個長列表
                f.close()
                
                for line in txt:
                    danm=''   #刪除一些無關信息
                    stop=',./，。？、‘“；;!！ ·~`^&*()@#$%[]{}'
                    line=line[:-1]   #去掉換行符\n
                    for item in line:
                        if item not in stop:
                            danm+=item
                    txt1.append(danm)
                    
                for i in range(len(txt1)):
                    num=0
                    for j in txt1:
                        if j==txt1[i]:
                            num+=1
                    dic[txt1[i]]=num     #統計彈幕出現次數
                #字典排序
                dic1=sorted(dic.items(),key=lambda x:x[1],reverse=True) 
                
                x,y=[],[]
                for i in range(10):
                    x.append(dic1[i][0])
                    y.append(dic1[i][1])
                #繪制水平柱狀圖
                bar=plt.barh(range(10),y,height=0.5,color='rgb')
                for rect in bar:   #顯示數字
                    w = rect.get_width()
                    plt.text(w, rect.get_y()+rect.get_height()/2, '%d' %
                            int(w), ha='left', va='center')
                    
                plt.yticks(range(10),labels=x)  #導入標簽
                plt.xlabel('彈幕數量')
                plt.ylabel('彈幕排名')
                plt.savefig('danmutop10.png',dpi=100)
                plt.show()
                                
                top1=tk.Toplevel()
                top1.title('彈幕數量top10柱狀圖')
                top1.geometry('700x500')
                
                img = Image.open('danmutop10.png')
                img_png3 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
                label =tk.Label(top1, image = img_png3)
                label.pack()
            
            def menu4():
                global img_png4
                x=['滾動彈幕','滾動彈幕','滾動彈幕','底端彈幕','頂端彈幕','逆向彈幕','精準定位','高級彈幕']
                y=[0 for i in range(8)]
                for i in leixing:
                    y[i-1]+=1       #彈幕類型
                plt.bar(range(1,9),y,color='rgb',tick_label=x)
                for i in range(1,9):
                    plt.text(i,y[i-1],'%d'%y[i-1],ha='center',va='bottom')
                plt.savefig('leixing.png',dpi=100)
                plt.show()
                
                top3=tk.Toplevel()
                top3.title('彈幕類型')
                top3.geometry('700x500')
                
                img = Image.open('leixing.png')
                img_png4 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
                label =tk.Label(top3, image = img_png4)
                label.pack()
                
            def menu5():
                dic={}
                global img_png5
                for i in color:
                    if i not in dic.keys():
                        dic[i]=1    #字典的鍵代表彈幕顏色，值代表出現次數
                    dic[i]+=1
                dic1 = dict(sorted(dic.items(), key=lambda x: x[1],reverse=True))
                size=dic1.values()
                color1=dic1.keys()
                plt.style.use('Solarize_Light2')    #設置背景顏色
                plt.pie(size,colors=color1, #autopct='%1.1f%%',
                        startangle=90,counterclock=False)
                plt.savefig('color.png')
                plt.show()
               
                top4=tk.Toplevel()
                top4.title('彈幕顏色')
                top4.geometry('600x400')
                img = Image.open('color.png')
                img_png5 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
                label =tk.Label(top4, image = img_png5)
                label.pack()
            def menu6():
                global img_png6
                top2=tk.Toplevel()
                top2.title('封面圖片')    #封面圖片
                top2.geometry('1000x800')
                img = Image.open('fengmian.jpg')
                img_png6 = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)
                label =tk.Label(top2, image = img_png6)
                label.pack()
                
            Button(main,text='高能進度條',command=menu1).grid(row=1,column=2)
            Button(main,text='生成詞云圖',command=menu2).grid(row=2,column=0)
            Button(main,text='彈幕數量top10柱狀圖',command=menu3).grid(row=2,column=2)
            Button(main,text='彈幕類型統計圖',command=menu4).grid(row=2,column=3)
            Button(main,text='彈幕顏色統計圖',command=menu5).grid(row=3,column=2)
            Button(main,text='彈幕封面圖片',command=menu6).grid(row=3,column=3)
        else:
            messagebox.showinfo(message='請輸入bv號')
    except:
        messagebox.showerror(title='爬取失敗',message='bv號錯誤或網絡異常')   
main.mainloop()

具體實現

1.尋找視頻的bv號：BV15K411u7t1

2.運行程序，開始分析

詞云圖：

封面圖片：