系統自帶表空間說明
SYSTEM #系統表空間，是永久系統表空間，用于存儲SYS用戶的表、視圖、存儲過程對象。
UNDOTBS1 #存儲撤銷信息的undo表空間
SYSAUX #輔助表空間
TEMP #臨時表空間，用戶存儲SQL語句處理的表示索引信息
USERS #永久表空間，存儲數據庫用戶創建的數據庫對象
創建表空間并且指定給用戶使用
--創建表空間
create tablespace SDA DATAFILE 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' SIZE 10M;
--修改
alter database datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' autoextend on;
--創建用戶
create user c##SDA identified by SDA default tablespace SDA;
--修改權限
grant dba to c##SDA;
grant connect to c##SDA;
grant resource to c##SDA;
--刪除用戶
--drop user c##SDA cascade;
--刪除表空間
--drop tablespace SDA including contents and datafiles;
查看表空間的使用情況
select a.tablespace_name,
a.bytes / 1024 / 1024 "Sum MB",
(a.bytes - b.bytes) / 1024 / 1024 "used MB",
b.bytes / 1024 / 1024 "free MB",
round(((a.bytes - b.bytes) / a.bytes) * 100, 2) "percent_used"
from (select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes
from dba_data_files
group by tablespace_name) a,
(select tablespace_name, sum(bytes) bytes, max(bytes) largest
from dba_free_space
group by tablespace_name) b
where a.tablespace_name = b.tablespace_name
order by ((a.bytes - b.bytes) / a.bytes) desc
--考慮到自增長
SELECT UPPER(F.TABLESPACE_NAME) AS "表空間名稱",
ROUND(D.AVAILB_BYTES, 2) AS "表空間大小(G)",
ROUND(D.MAX_BYTES, 2) AS "最終表空間大小(G)",
ROUND((D.AVAILB_BYTES - F.USED_BYTES), 2) AS "已使用空間(G)",
TO_CHAR(ROUND((D.AVAILB_BYTES - F.USED_BYTES) / D.AVAILB_BYTES * 100,
2),
'999.99') AS "使用比",
ROUND(F.USED_BYTES, 6) AS "空閑空間(G)",
F.MAX_BYTES AS "最大塊(M)"
FROM (SELECT TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) USED_BYTES,
ROUND(MAX(BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) MAX_BYTES
FROM SYS.DBA_FREE_SPACE
GROUP BY TABLESPACE_NAME) F,
(SELECT DD.TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(SUM(DD.BYTES) / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 6) AVAILB_BYTES,
ROUND(SUM(DECODE(DD.MAXBYTES, 0, DD.BYTES, DD.MAXBYTES)) /
(1024 * 1024 * 1024),
6) MAX_BYTES
FROM SYS.DBA_DATA_FILES DD
GROUP BY DD.TABLESPACE_NAME) D
WHERE D.TABLESPACE_NAME = F.TABLESPACE_NAME
ORDER BY 4 DESC;
--簡單sql
SELECT A.TABLESPACE_NAME AS TABLESPACE_NAME,
ROUND(A.BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 2) AS "TOTAL(G)",
ROUND(B.BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 2) AS "USED(G)",
ROUND(C.BYTES / (1024 * 1024 * 1024), 2) AS "FREE(G)",
ROUND((B.BYTES * 100) / A.BYTES, 2) AS "% USED",
ROUND((C.BYTES * 100) / A.BYTES, 2) AS "% FREE"
FROM SYS.SM$TS_AVAIL A, SYS.SM$TS_USED B, SYS.SM$TS_FREE C
WHERE A.TABLESPACE_NAME = B.TABLESPACE_NAME
AND A.TABLESPACE_NAME = C.TABLESPACE_NAME;
查看表空間對應數據文件的相關信息
select file_name,
tablespace_name,
bytes / 1024 / 1024 "bytes MB",
maxbytes / 1024 / 1024 "maxbytes MB",
autoextensible,
increment_by
from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name = 'SDA';
查詢創建表空間的相關SQL
select dbms_metadata.get_ddl('TABLESPACE', 'SDA') from dual;
返回一個clob字段，參考信息如下：
CREATE TABLESPACE "SDA" DATAFILE
'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' SIZE 10485760
AUTOEXTEND ON NEXT 8192 MAXSIZE 32767M
LOGGING ONLINE PERMANENT BLOCKSIZE 8192
EXTENT MANAGEMENT LOCAL AUTOALLOCATE DEFAULT
NOCOMPRESS SEGMENT SPACE MANAGEMENT AUTO
ALTER DATABASE DATAFILE
'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA.DBF' RESIZE 17571184640
在磁盤空間充足的情況下增加數據文件
--增加數據文件
alter tablespace SDA add
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
size 10M;
--增加數據文件，并且自增長
alter tablespace SDA add
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
size 10M autoextend on next 5M maxsize 1G;
--使原來的數據文件自增長
alter DATABASE
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
autoextend on next 5M maxsize 1G;
--調整原來數據文件的大小
alter DATABASE
datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
RESIZE 1G;
注意：ORACLE支持的數據文件大小是由它的db_block_size和db_block的數量決定的。
其中db_block(ORACLE塊)的數量是一個定值2**22-1(4194303).
數據文件大小容量=塊數量*塊大小
驗證是否正確增加
select file_name,
tablespace_name,
bytes / 1024 / 1024 "bytes MB",
maxbytes / 1024 / 1024 "maxbytes MB",
autoextensible,
increment_by
from dba_data_files
where tablespace_name = 'SDA';
刪除表空間的數據文件
alter tablespace SDA drop datafile 'D:\WORK\ORACLE\ORADATA\ORCL\SDA_001.DBF'
