【Day 15】單詞梳理
1.have consequences far beyond its borders
影響遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出國(guó)界
2.stagnate
verb
- to stop developing or making progress停滯，不發(fā)展，不進(jìn)步
e.g. I feel I'm stagnating in this job.
- to be or become?stagnant因不流動(dòng)而變得污濁
e.g. The water in the pond was stagnating.
noun: stagnation
3.hallmark
noun
- a feature or quality that is typical of somebody/something 特征，特點(diǎn)
e.g. Police said the explosion?bore all the hallmarks of?a terrorist attack. 擁有所有特征
- a mark put on gold, silver and platinum objects that shows the quality of the metal and gives information about when and where the object was made 金銀純度印記
verb
- to put a hallmark on metal goods 打金銀純度印記
4.upheaval
noun
- a big change that causes a lot of confusion, worry and problems. = disruption 激變，巨變，動(dòng)蕩
e.g. I can't face the upheaval of moving house again.
a period of emotional upheaval.
5.insurgent
noun
- a person fighting against the government or armed forces of their own country 起義者，叛亂者，造反者
= rebel
e.g. an attack by armed insurgents
adj
- fighting against the government or armed forces of their own country 叛亂的
= rebellious
e.g. insurgent groups/attacks
6.upstart
noun
暴發(fā)戶，狂妄自大的新手
start up : 開(kāi)始，發(fā)動(dòng)
7.reverberate
verb
- (of a sound)to be repeated several times as it is reflected off different surfaces 回響，回蕩
= echo
e.g. Her voice reverberated around the hall.
- (of a place)to seem to shake because of a loud noise 震顫，搖晃
e.g. The hall reverberated with the sound of music and dancing.
- to have a strong effect on people for a long time or over a large area 產(chǎn)生深遠(yuǎn)影響
e.g. Repercussions of the case continue to reverberate through the financial world.
8.allege
verb
- to state something as a fact but without giving proof 斷言，聲稱
e.g. It is alleged that he mistreated the prisoners.
assert
9.grumble
verb
- to complain about somebody/something in a bad-tempered way 咕噥，發(fā)牢騷
e.g. She's always grumbling to me about how badly she's treated at work.
- to make a deep continuous sound 咕隆，發(fā)轟隆聲
e.g. Thunder grumbled in the distance.
10.sluggish
adj
- moving, reacting or working more slowly than normal and in a way that seems lazy 行動(dòng)遲緩的，緩慢的，懶洋洋的
e.g. The growth of the export market has helped to compensate for sluggish demand at home. 疲軟的國(guó)內(nèi)需求
11.sap the country's vitality
削弱國(guó)家生命力
sap
noun
- the liquid in a plant or tree that carries food to all its parts 汁液
e.g. Maple syrup is made from sap extracted from the sugar maple tree.
- a stupid person that you can easily trick, or treat unfairly 笨蛋，易上當(dāng)?shù)娜?/p>
e.g. The poor sap never knew what was going on behind his back.
verb
- to make something/somebody weaker; to destroy something gradually 使虛弱，削弱，逐漸破壞
e.g. Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence.
12.malaise
noun
- the problems affecting a particular situation or group of people that are difficult to explain or identify 難以捉摸的問(wèn)題
e.g. The latest crime figures are merely symptomatic of a wider malaise in society.
- a general feeling of being ill/sick, unhappy or not satisfied, without signs of any particular problem 莫名的不適
= unease
e.g. a serious malaise among the staff
13.rift
noun
- a serious disagreement between people that stops their relationship from continuing 分歧，嚴(yán)重不和
= division, breach
e.g. The rift within the party deepened.
- a large crack or opening in the ground, rocks or clouds 裂口，裂縫
e.g. Through a rift in the clouds we could see a beautiful blue sky.
14.throw the bums out
把這些沒(méi)用的人趕出去
bum
noun
- the part of the body that you sit on 屁股 backside
- a person who has no home or job and who asks other people for money or food 無(wú)業(yè)游民，流浪乞丐
e.g. a beach bum
- a lazy person who does nothing for other people or for society 懶漢，游手好閑者
e.g. He's nothing but a no-good bum!
verb
- to get something from somebody by asking 乞討
= cadge
e.g. Can I bum a cigarette off you?
- to make somebody feel upset or disappointed 使不安，使灰心
adj
- of bad quality; wrong or useless 劣質(zhì)的，沒(méi)用的
e.g. He didn't play one bum note.
15.tap into
利用，開(kāi)發(fā)
16.perilous
adj
- very dangerous非常危險(xiǎn)
= hazardous
e.g. a perilous adventure/journey
17.obstruct?foreign trade
verb
- to block a road, an entrance, a passage, etc. so that somebody/something cannot get through, see past, etc. 阻塞，阻擋
e.g. You can't park here, you're obstructing my driveway.
- to prevent somebody/something from doing something or making progress, especially when this is done deliberately 妨礙，阻撓
= hinder
e.g. They were charged with obstructing the police in the course of their duty.
18.enact?agendas
verb
- to pass a law通過(guò)法律
e.g. legislation enacted by parliament
- to perform a play or act a part in a play 扮演，演出
e.g. scenes from history enacted by local residents
- to take place 發(fā)生，舉行
- to put something into practice 實(shí)施
e.g.This involves identifying problems and enacting solutions.
19.repudiation
noun
- refusal to accept something 拒絕，否定
e.g. the world-wide repudiation of slavery in the nineteenth century
- the act of saying officially and/or publicly that something is not true 官方駁斥，駁回
e.g. the repudiation of a claim
rejection,denial
20.clinch?the presidency
verb
- to succeed in achieving or winning something 成功取得，贏得
e.g. They clinched a place in the semi-finals.
- to provide the answer to something; to settle something that was not certain 提出解決辦法
e.g. ‘I'll pay your airfare.’ ‘Okay,that clinches it—I'll come with you.’
【Day 16】邏輯導(dǎo)圖&翻譯
神句翻譯
1.Stagnation, both political and economic, has been?the hallmark of?a country where little has changed for decades, even as?power has rotated?between the?established parties?of left and right.
政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的停滯，已經(jīng)成為了這個(gè)國(guó)家的標(biāo)志。這個(gè)國(guó)家歷經(jīng)左派和右派政黨權(quán)力的更迭，依然幾十年改變甚小。
導(dǎo)師注釋：法國(guó)過(guò)去幾十年都鮮有變化，政治和經(jīng)濟(jì)上的停滯已經(jīng)成了這個(gè)國(guó)家的典型特征，即便傳統(tǒng)的左派和右派輪流執(zhí)政也毫不起色。
注：established這個(gè)詞很有意思，絕對(duì)的報(bào)刊高頻詞，通常表示某事/人/物已有穩(wěn)固地位，比如established capitalist countries通常被翻成老牌資本主義國(guó)家。They are an established company with a good reputation.他們是一家地位穩(wěn)固，信譽(yù)良好的公司。An established actor著名演員。
2.The implications of these insurgencies?are hard to exaggerate.
這些外來(lái)政權(quán)的卷入帶來(lái)的影響無(wú)需夸大。
導(dǎo)師注釋：這些黑馬帶來(lái)的影響難以估量。
Insurgencies 原指an attempt to take control of a?country by force,此處是和老牌政黨形成對(duì)比。
3.The resulting realignment will?have reverberations far beyond?France’s borders. It could revitalize the European Union, or wreck it.
最終的改組影響的不僅僅是法國(guó)本土。它可能是歐盟重?fù)Q生機(jī)，或者會(huì)摧毀它。
導(dǎo)師注釋：隨之而來(lái)的改變所影響的范圍遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不止法國(guó)本土，歐盟極有可能因此重振或毀滅。
Reverberation原意是回聲，引申為影響，尤指廣泛且消極的影響。
4.Further fueling voter’s anger is their?anguish at?the state of France.
加劇選民的憤怒的是他們對(duì)于法國(guó)這個(gè)國(guó)度的苦惱。
導(dǎo)師注釋：法國(guó)的現(xiàn)狀令當(dāng)?shù)剡x民極為苦惱，這進(jìn)一步激發(fā)了他們的憤怒。
5.Its vast state, which absorbs 57% of GDP, has?sapped the country’s vitality.
花費(fèi)了57%的GDP的國(guó)家公共服務(wù)，已經(jīng)耗盡了整個(gè)國(guó)家的生機(jī)。
導(dǎo)師注釋：龐大的政府消耗了GDP的57%，國(guó)家的活力因此而被削弱。
Sap vitality/energy/confidence: sap sth/sap sb of sth:to make sb/sth weaker; to destroy sth gradually.The hot sun sapped our energy. Years of failure have sapped him of his confidence.
注：Vast state指政府臃腫龐大，開(kāi)支驚人，中國(guó)2010年政府開(kāi)支占GDP比重為22%，供參考~
6. If she pulls France out of the euro, it would trigger a financial crisis and doom a union that, for all its flaws, has promoted peace and prosperity in Europe for six decades.
如果她讓法國(guó)脫歐，可能會(huì)掀起一場(chǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)危機(jī)，因?yàn)樗羞@些弊端給這個(gè)六十多年來(lái)促進(jìn)了歐洲的和平和繁榮的聯(lián)盟帶來(lái)一場(chǎng)厄運(yùn)。
導(dǎo)師注釋：如果她使法國(guó)退出歐元區(qū)，則會(huì)引發(fā)一場(chǎng)金融危機(jī)，并且將歐盟帶向滅亡。盡管歐盟有各種缺陷，但在過(guò)去六十年間確實(shí)促進(jìn)了歐洲的和平與繁榮發(fā)展。
for all = despite
神詞組翻譯
1.Uselessness and self-dealing of the ruling class?
統(tǒng)治階級(jí)的無(wú)用和私心? 無(wú)用且假公濟(jì)私的統(tǒng)治階級(jí)
2. Exposed deep cultural rifts with … 暴露深深的文化裂縫
暴露了與…的文化裂痕
Rift=division
The rift within the party deepened.黨內(nèi)分歧加深了。
Efforts to heal the rift between the two countries have failed.彌合兩國(guó)間分歧的各種努力都已失敗。
3. Get to grips with: 去處理
grip原意是“緊握”，延伸為“控制，影響力”，此處可理解為“解決”….
4. Overhaul of pensions and social security 仔細(xì)檢查福利金和社會(huì)安全
退休金和社會(huì)保障改革
Overhaul全面大修，a radical overhaul of the tax system is necessary.有必要徹底改革稅制。
5. Massive strikes: 大量罷工
大規(guī)模罷工
6. Tap into that frustration:
進(jìn)入這場(chǎng)混戰(zhàn)利用這種沮喪的情緒
Tap (into) sth: to make use of a source of energy, knowledge, etc. that already exists.
Eg. We need to tap the expertise of the people we already have.
7. Radically different 根本上不同
極為不同
8. Call a referendum on leaving the EU 呼吁離開(kāi)歐盟的外交書
號(hào)召脫歐公投
9. Staunchly pro-trade/embraces cultural change and technological disruption. 堅(jiān)定地支持貿(mào)易，接納文化變革和技術(shù)瓦解
10. Be short on precise policies: 缺少具體的政策
11. Pitch himself as…
讓自己墜落?把自己宣傳/定位成…
名詞：an aggressivesales pitch:強(qiáng)有力的推銷行話
Each company was given ten minutes tomake its pitch.每個(gè)公司有十分鐘的時(shí)間進(jìn)行推銷宣傳。
動(dòng)詞：推銷pitch sth at sb/pitch sth as sth: to aim or direct a product or service at a particular group of people.
Eg. The new software is being pitched atbanks.這種新軟件以銀行為目標(biāo)市場(chǎng)。
Representatives went to Japan to pitchthe company’s newest products.銷售代表前往日本推銷本公司的最新產(chǎn)品。
12. Trim the state payroll by…削減工資
削減員工數(shù)量
13. Repudiation of the status quo 對(duì)現(xiàn)狀的否定
對(duì)現(xiàn)狀的抗拒
14. Appeal to sb 迎合
to attract or interest sb
Eg. The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups.設(shè)計(jì)要雅俗共賞，老幼皆宜。
15. Hefty loan 巨額貸款
16. Suffer hacking attacks 遭遇黑客襲擊
17. Slash labor code: 徹改勞動(dòng)法
簡(jiǎn)化勞動(dòng)法（注意搭配）
18. Enact agenda: 頒布章程
執(zhí)行計(jì)劃（注意搭配）
思維導(dǎo)圖
【Day 17】小結(jié)
對(duì)錯(cuò)綜復(fù)雜的政治格局真是知之甚少，這回第一次了解到法國(guó)的政治格局。原來(lái)在我心中浪漫又舒適的法國(guó)人正面對(duì)著悲慘的社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)。政局不穩(wěn)，GDP下降，失業(yè)率猛增，很多的法國(guó)人都不是對(duì)社會(huì)持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度的。半個(gè)世界以來(lái)，領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者也不曾為法國(guó)經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展采取過(guò)行之有效的措施，總是帶給民眾失望和不安。主要的掌權(quán)政黨也漸漸失去了民心，而法國(guó)的發(fā)展又影響著整個(gè)歐盟，這次的選舉候選人也還需要提出更多舉措，并不斷嘗試最適合法國(guó)發(fā)展的道路。原來(lái)，這里是一個(gè)如此混亂和不安的世界……
篤師選的文章真是給了太多知識(shí)點(diǎn)，讓我接觸到很多之前沒(méi)有關(guān)注過(guò)的知識(shí)，像之前的深海熱泉學(xué)說(shuō)，都是很震懾我的固有思維的。還是應(yīng)該多涉獵不同領(lǐng)域的知識(shí)，培養(yǎng)更廣闊的視野，不管是在英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)或者專業(yè)學(xué)習(xí)上都能提供一定的幫助。而這些知識(shí)也的確引起了我的興趣，能夠不斷了解到這些背景，也是對(duì)生活的一種豐富吧。
