一、環(huán)境準(zhǔn)備
- centos 6.5
- oracle 11.2.0.4
- perl v5.10.1
- DBD::Oracle
- DBI
- DBD::Pg -- 如果需要將結(jié)果直接導(dǎo)入到postgresql需要安裝
各模塊安裝如下
-- 使用yum安裝DBI, DBD::Pg
# yum install perl-DBI perl-DBD-Pg perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker gcc
-- 安裝DBD::Oracle，centos上已安裝了oracle，如未安裝oracle，也可用oracle client代替，此處不詳說(shuō)
# su - oracle
$ wget --no-check-certificate http://search.cpan.org/CPAN/authors/id/P/PY/PYTHIAN/DBD-Oracle-1.74.tar.gz
$ tar -zxvf DBD-Oracle-1.74.tar.gz
$ cd DBD-Oracle-1.74
-- 生效環(huán)境變量，.bash_profile文件中需包含ORACLE_HOME,LD_LIBRARY_PATH
$ source /home/oracle/.bash_profile
$ cat /home/oracle/.bash_profile
...
export ORACLE_HOME=/data/app/oracle/product/11.2.0/dbhome_1
if [ -z "$LD_LIBRARY_PATH" ]; then
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib
else
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH
fi
...
-- 安裝ora2pg
# tar -jxvf ora2pg-18.2.tar.bz2
# cd ora2pg-19.0
# perl Makefile.PL
# make && make install
二、配置參數(shù)
ora2pg的配置文件ora2pg.conf，可以配置相關(guān)oracle連接信息，需要導(dǎo)出的對(duì)象，目標(biāo)庫(kù)postgresql的連接配置等等。
-- 設(shè)置oracle連接參數(shù)
ORACLE_DSN dbi:Oracle:host=192.168.112.22;sid=cndb;port=1521
ORACLE_USER system
ORACLE_PWD root
-- 需要導(dǎo)出的schema
SCHEMA DBUSER
-- 需要導(dǎo)出的對(duì)象，表結(jié)構(gòu)、數(shù)據(jù)、觸發(fā)器等等，詳見(jiàn)文件內(nèi)說(shuō)明
TYPE TABLE COPY TRIGGER
-- 導(dǎo)出文件的路徑
OUTPUT_DIR /tmp
三、使用ora2pg導(dǎo)出SQL腳本
-- 配置好ora2pg.conf后,執(zhí)行以下語(yǔ)句導(dǎo)出腳本
$ ora2pg -c ora2pg.conf
對(duì)view，trigger，package，sequence，function，procedure，type，materialized view 的測(cè)試結(jié)果如下表：
| 對(duì)象 | ora2pg是否支持 |
|---|---|
| view | 是 |
| trigger | 是，某些情況下需要手工修改腳本 |
| package | 是，某些情況下需要手工修改腳本 |
| sequence | 是 |
| function | 是 |
| procedure | 是，某些情況下需要手工修改腳本 |
| type | 是，某些情況下需要手工修改腳本 |
| materialized view | 是，某些情況下需要手工修改腳本 |
具體的腳本轉(zhuǎn)換結(jié)果如下 ：
1. View
-- 原oracle腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW manager_info AS
SELECT e.ename, e.empno, d.dept_type, d.deptno, p.prj_level,
p.projno
FROM Emp_tab e, Dept_tab d, Project_tab p
WHERE e.empno = d.mgr_no
AND d.deptno = p.resp_dept;
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE VIEW manager_info (ename, empno, dept_type, deptno, prj_level, projno) AS SELECT e.ename, e.empno, d.dept_type, d.deptno, p.prj_level,
p.projno
FROM Emp_tab e, Dept_tab d, Project_tab p
WHERE e.empno = d.mgr_no
AND d.deptno = p.resp_dept;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行
2. Trigger
-- 原oracle腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER manager_info_insert
INSTEAD OF INSERT ON manager_info
REFERENCING NEW AS n -- new manager information
FOR EACH ROW
DECLARE
rowcnt number;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO rowcnt FROM Emp_tab WHERE empno = :n.empno;
IF rowcnt = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Emp_tab (empno,ename) VALUES (:n.empno, :n.ename);
ELSE
UPDATE Emp_tab SET Emp_tab.ename = :n.ename
WHERE Emp_tab.empno = :n.empno;
END IF;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO rowcnt FROM Dept_tab WHERE deptno = :n.deptno;
IF rowcnt = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Dept_tab (deptno, dept_type)
VALUES(:n.deptno, :n.dept_type);
ELSE
UPDATE Dept_tab SET Dept_tab.dept_type = :n.dept_type
WHERE Dept_tab.deptno = :n.deptno;
END IF;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO rowcnt FROM Project_tab
WHERE Project_tab.projno = :n.projno;
IF rowcnt = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Project_tab (projno, prj_level)
VALUES(:n.projno, :n.prj_level);
ELSE
UPDATE Project_tab SET Project_tab.prj_level = :n.prj_level
WHERE Project_tab.projno = :n.projno;
END IF;
END;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS manager_info_insert ON manager_info CASCADE;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION trigger_fct_manager_info_insert() RETURNS trigger AS $BODY$
DECLARE
rowcnt bigint;
BEGIN
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO STRICT rowcnt FROM Emp_tab WHERE empno = n.empno;
IF rowcnt = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Emp_tab(empno,ename) VALUES (n.empno, n.ename);
ELSE
UPDATE Emp_tab SET Emp_tab.ename = n.ename
WHERE Emp_tab.empno = n.empno;
END IF;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO STRICT rowcnt FROM Dept_tab WHERE deptno = n.deptno;
IF rowcnt = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Dept_tab(deptno, dept_type)
VALUES (n.deptno, n.dept_type);
ELSE
UPDATE Dept_tab SET Dept_tab.dept_type = n.dept_type
WHERE Dept_tab.deptno = n.deptno;
END IF;
SELECT COUNT(*) INTO STRICT rowcnt FROM Project_tab
WHERE Project_tab.projno = n.projno;
IF rowcnt = 0 THEN
INSERT INTO Project_tab(projno, prj_level)
VALUES (n.projno, n.prj_level);
ELSE
UPDATE Project_tab SET Project_tab.prj_level = n.prj_level
WHERE Project_tab.projno = n.projno;
END IF;
RETURN NEW;
END
$BODY$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';
CREATE TRIGGER manager_info_insert
INSTEAD OF INSERT ON manager_info FOR EACH ROW
EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_fct_manager_info_insert();
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行，但少了某些參數(shù)，如：REFERENCING NEW AS n
-- 原oracle腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE TRIGGER Print_salary_changes
BEFORE DELETE OR INSERT OR UPDATE ON Emp_tab
FOR EACH ROW
WHEN (new.Empno > 0)
DECLARE
sal_diff number;
BEGIN
sal_diff := :new.sal - :old.sal;
dbms_output.put('Old salary: ' || :old.sal);
dbms_output.put(' New salary: ' || :new.sal);
dbms_output.put_line(' Difference ' || sal_diff);
END;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS print_salary_changes ON emp_tab CASCADE;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION trigger_fct_print_salary_changes() RETURNS trigger AS $BODY$
DECLARE
sal_diff bigint;
BEGIN
sal_diff := NEW.sal - OLD.sal;
RAISE NOTICE 'Old salary: %', OLD.sal;
RAISE NOTICE ' New salary: %', NEW.sal;
RAISE NOTICE ' Difference %', sal_diff;
IF TG_OP = 'DELETE' THEN
RETURN OLD;
ELSE
RETURN NEW;
END IF;
END
$BODY$
LANGUAGE 'plpgsql';
CREATE TRIGGER "print_salary_changes"
before delete or insert or update on emp_tab
for each row
WHEN (NEW.Empno > 0) -- 此處出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤，before delete不允許使用NEW.
EXECUTE PROCEDURE trigger_fct_print_salary_changes();
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本 WHEN (NEW.Empno > 0) 出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤
3. Package
-- 原oracle腳本
--創(chuàng)建包頭（function類(lèi)型）
create or replace package package_demo is
function Getage(birthst varchar,birthend varchar) return integer;
function Getsalary(VFpsncode varchar) return number;
end package_demo;
/
--創(chuàng)建包體
create or replace package body package_demo is
function Getage(birthst varchar,birthend varchar) return integer
is
V_birth integer;
ToDateEnd Date;
Toyear number(4);
Tomonth number(4);
Fromyear number(4);
Frommonth number(4);
begin
if (birthend='') or (birthend is null) then
select sysdate into ToDateEnd from dual;
end if;
Toyear := to_number(to_char(ToDateEnd,'YYYY'));
Tomonth := to_number(to_char(ToDateEnd,'MM'));
Fromyear := to_number(substr(birthst,1,4));
Frommonth := to_number(substr(birthst,6,2));
if Tomonth-Frommonth>0 then
V_birth:=Toyear-fromyear;
else
V_birth:=Toyear-fromyear-1;
end if;
return(V_birth);
end Getage;
function getSalary(VFpsncode varchar) return number
is
V_psnSalary number(8,2);
begin
Select FpsnSalary into V_psnSalary from t_normal_package1 where Fpsncode = VFpsncode;
return(V_psnSalary);
end getSalary;
end package_demo;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS package_demo CASCADE;
CREATE SCHEMA package_demo;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION package_demo.getage (birthst text,birthend text) RETURNS numeric AS $body$
DECLARE
V_birth numeric;
ToDateEnd timestamp;
Toyear smallint;
Tomonth smallint;
Fromyear smallint;
Frommonth smallint;
BEGIN
if (birthend='') or (birthend is null) then
select clock_timestamp() into STRICT ToDateEnd;
end if;
Toyear := (to_char(ToDateEnd,'YYYY'))::numeric;
Tomonth := (to_char(ToDateEnd,'MM'))::numeric;
Fromyear := (substr(birthst,1,4))::numeric;
Frommonth := (substr(birthst,6,2))::numeric;
if Tomonth-Frommonth>0 then
V_birth:=Toyear-fromyear;
else
V_birth:=Toyear-fromyear-1;
end if;
return(V_birth);
END;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL
STABLE;
-- REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION package_demo.getage (birthst text,birthend text) FROM PUBLIC;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION package_demo.getsalary (VFpsncode text) RETURNS bigint AS $body$
DECLARE
V_psnSalary double precision;
BEGIN
Select FpsnSalary into STRICT V_psnSalary from t_normal_package1 where Fpsncode = VFpsncode;
return(V_psnSalary);
END;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行
-- 原oracle腳本
--建包頭（procedure類(lèi)型）
create or replace
package sdept_or_grade as
procedure print_sdept(pID char);
procedure print_grade(pID char);
end;
/
--建包體
create or replace
package body sdept_or_grade
as
procedure print_sdept(pID char) as
psdept t_normal_package.sdept%type;
begin
select sdept into psdept
from t_normal_package
where ID=pID;
dbms_output.put_line(psdept);
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('Invalid t_normal_package number');
end;
procedure print_grade(pID char) as
pgrade t_normal_package_fk.grade%type;
cursor printgrade is select grade into pgrade
from t_normal_package_fk
where ID=pID;
begin
open printgrade;
loop
fetch printgrade into pgrade;
dbms_output.put_line(pgrade);
exit when printgrade%notfound;
end loop;
close printgrade;
exception
when no_data_found then
dbms_output.put_line('Invalid t_normal_package number');
end;
end;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
DROP SCHEMA IF EXISTS sdept_or_grade CASCADE;
CREATE SCHEMA sdept_or_grade;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sdept_or_grade.print_sdept (pID char) RETURNS VOID AS $body$
DECLARE
psdept t_normal_package.sdept%type;
BEGIN
select sdept into STRICT psdept
from t_normal_package
where ID=pID;
RAISE NOTICE '%', psdept;
exception
when no_data_found then
RAISE NOTICE 'Invalid t_normal_package number';
end;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL
STABLE;
-- REVOKE ALL ON FUNCTION sdept_or_grade.print_sdept (pID char) FROM PUBLIC;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION sdept_or_grade.print_grade (pID char) RETURNS VOID AS $body$
DECLARE
pgrade t_normal_package_fk.grade%type;
printgrade CURSOR FOR SELECT grade into STRICT pgrade -- 此處關(guān)聯(lián)了上條語(yǔ)句定義的pgrade，執(zhí)行出錯(cuò)
from t_normal_package_fk
where ID=pID;
BEGIN
open printgrade;
loop
fetch printgrade into pgrade;
RAISE NOTICE '%', pgrade;
EXIT WHEN NOT FOUND; /* apply on printgrade */
end loop;
close printgrade;
exception
when no_data_found then
RAISE NOTICE 'Invalid t_normal_package number';
end;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL
STABLE;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本出現(xiàn)語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤
4. Sequence
-- 原oracle腳本
create sequence my_seq --創(chuàng)建序列名：my_seq
start with 1 --從1開(kāi)始
increment by 1 --每次增長(zhǎng)1
maxvalue 999999 --nomaxvalue(不設(shè)置最大值) ---最大值 //有限制的序列，無(wú)限制的序列設(shè)置時(shí)的相關(guān)參數(shù)：maxvalue，minvalue
minvalue 1 --最小值
cycle --nocycle 一直累加，不循環(huán) ；cycle 表示循環(huán)
nocache ---緩存 //cache 10
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE SEQUENCE my_seq INCREMENT 1 MINVALUE 1 MAXVALUE 999999 START 1 CYCLE;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行
5. Function
-- 原oracle腳本
create or replace function get_empname(v_id in number) return varchar2 as
v_name varchar2(50);
begin
select NAME into v_name from T_NORMAL2 where id = v_id;
return v_name;
exception
when no_data_found then
raise_application_error(-20001, '你輸入的ID無(wú)效！');
end get_empname;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_empname (v_id bigint) RETURNS varchar AS $body$
DECLARE
v_name varchar(50);
BEGIN
select NAME into STRICT v_name from T_NORMAL2 where id = v_id;
return v_name;
exception
when no_data_found then
RAISE EXCEPTION '%', '????????????ID?????????' USING ERRCODE = '45001'; -- 中文亂碼，ERRCODE也有改變
end;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL
STABLE;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行，但出現(xiàn)中文亂碼，ERROR CODE也有改變
6. Procedure
-- 原oracle腳本
create or replace procedure get_name(v_id in number,v_username out varchar2)
as
begin
select NAME into v_username from T_PRIVACY_ALL where id = v_id; --變量賦值
exception
when no_data_found then
raise_application_error(-20001,'ID不存在!');
end get_name;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_name (v_id bigint,v_username out text) AS $body$
BEGIN
select NAME into STRICT v_username from T_PRIVACY_ALL where id = v_id; --????????????
exception
when no_data_found then
RAISE EXCEPTION '%', 'ID?????????!' USING ERRCODE = '45001'; -- 中文亂碼，ERRCODE也有改變
end;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行，但出現(xiàn)中文亂碼，ERROR CODE也有改變
-- 原oracle腳本
drop procedure proc_test;
create or replace procedure proc_test
is
testvalue varchar2(40);
begin
select NAME into testvalue from T_PRIVACY_ALL where id =1;
dbms_output.put_line(testvalue);
end proc_test;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION proc_test () RETURNS VOID AS $body$
DECLARE
testvalue varchar(40);
BEGIN
select NAME into STRICT testvalue from T_PRIVACY_ALL where id =1;
RAISE NOTICE '%', testvalue;
end;
$body$
LANGUAGE PLPGSQL;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本正常執(zhí)行
7. Type
-- 原oracle腳本
CREATE TYPE ddl_type_demo AS OBJECT
( customer_id NUMBER(6)
, cust_first_name VARCHAR2(20)
, cust_last_name VARCHAR2(20)
, nls_language VARCHAR2(3)
, nls_territory VARCHAR2(30)
, credit_limit NUMBER(9,2)
, cust_email VARCHAR2(30)
) ;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE TYPE ddl_type_demo AS (
customer_id numeric
, cust_first_name varchar(20)
, cust_last_name varchar(20)
, nls_language varchar(3)
, nls_territory varchar(30)
, credit_limit double precision
, cust_email varchar(30)
);
轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本正常執(zhí)行
-- 原oracle腳本
-- 含Type body
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE employee_t AS OBJECT(
empid RAW(16),
ename CHAR(31),
dept REF department_t,
STATIC function construct_emp
(name VARCHAR2, dept REF department_t)
RETURN employee_t
);
/
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE BODY employee_t IS
STATIC FUNCTION construct_emp
(name varchar2, dept REF department_t)
RETURN employee_t IS
BEGIN
return employee_t(SYS_GUID(),name,dept);
END;
END;
/
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
-- Unsupported, please edit to match PostgreSQL syntax
CREATE OR REPLACE TYPE employee_t AS OBJECT(
empid RAW(16),
ename CHAR(31),
dept REF department_t,
STATIC function construct_emp
(name VARCHAR2, dept REF department_t)
RETURN employee_t
);TYPE BODY employee_t IS
STATIC FUNCTION construct_emp
(name varchar2, dept REF department_t)
RETURN employee_t IS
BEGIN
return employee_t(SYS_GUID(),name,dept);
END;
END;
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本顯示語(yǔ)法不支持
8. Materialized View
-- 原oracle腳本
create materialized view mv_object_count as
select ID,count(*) from T_NORMAL1
group by ID;
-- 轉(zhuǎn)換后腳本
CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW mv_object_count AS
select ID,count(*) FROM T_NORMAL1
group by ID;
CREATE INDEX "i_snap$_mv_object_count" ON mv_object_count (sys_op_map_nonnull(id));
轉(zhuǎn)換后的腳本多了一條創(chuàng)建索引的語(yǔ)句，且該語(yǔ)句有語(yǔ)法錯(cuò)誤
