1. 外陰的微生物定植來源于皮膚、陰道、尿道和肛門
盡管外陰由多種結(jié)構(gòu)組成，每種結(jié)構(gòu)都可能有不同的菌群，但僅有定居在陰唇、大陰唇和小陰唇上的群落被進行了調(diào)查，而且調(diào)查的范圍非常有限。由于靠近肛門、陰道和尿道的外部開口，這些部位的菌群成員經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)在外陰。
陰部上最常見的細菌是金黃色葡萄球菌和痤瘡桿菌。與大多數(shù)其他皮膚區(qū)域不同，乳酸桿菌和金黃色葡萄球菌也經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)。
會陰是另一個皮膚區(qū)域，與陰部一樣，陰道（例如乳酸桿菌）和尿道中的微生物也在會陰定植。此外，由于其靠近肛門，其菌群還包含來自胃腸道（GIT）的微生物，如大腸桿菌、其他腸桿菌科和腸球菌。
典型的皮膚微生物（CNS和棒狀桿菌屬）經(jīng)常從大陰唇分離出來，但與陰唇和會陰一樣，陰道和尿道微生物也經(jīng)常存在于菌群中。一項對大陰唇菌群的培養(yǎng)性研究報告了大致相似的結(jié)果，即乳酸桿菌和CNS是主要的微生物。
2. 小陰唇的菌群與陰道的菌群相似
小陰唇的菌群與陰道的菌群相似，具有相似的群落類型。最常檢測到的群落類型是以L.iners和L.crispatus為主。然而，小陰唇的菌群往往比陰道菌群呈現(xiàn)更高的多樣性和豐富性，這可能是胃腸道中存在的微生物（由于在肛門附近），以及皮膚菌群的成員導(dǎo)致。某些屬（慢反應(yīng)脂肪酸菌屬[Segniliparus]、默多克菌[Murdochiella]和梭桿菌屬[Fusobacterium]）在小陰唇上比陰道中更常見。
女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群系列：
1.女性生殖系統(tǒng)主要結(jié)構(gòu)：
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之一】女性生殖系統(tǒng)結(jié)構(gòu)、生理與內(nèi)環(huán)境
2.女性生殖系統(tǒng)檢測到的微生物：
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之二】生殖系統(tǒng)菌群受年齡和系統(tǒng)生理學(xué)變化的影響
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之二】女性性成熟時期生殖系統(tǒng)菌群
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之二】陰道菌群群落狀態(tài)及類型
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之二】影響陰道菌群和群落特征的因素
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之二】陰道真菌、病毒以及宮頸菌群
【女性生殖系統(tǒng)菌群之二】子宮微生物 or 菌群？
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