Weekend 'catch-up sleep' is a lie
The negative health effects of skimping on sleep during the week can't be reversed by marathon weekend sleep sessions, according to a sobering new study.
一項(xiàng)發(fā)人深省的新研究表明，周末馬拉松式的“補(bǔ)覺”并不能扭轉(zhuǎn)工作日睡眠不足對健康的負(fù)面影響。
Despite complete freedom to sleep in and nap during a weekend recovery period, participants in a sleep laboratory who were limited to five hours of sleep on weekdays gained nearly three pounds over two weeks and experienced metabolic disruption that would increase their risk for diabetes over the long term. While weekend recovery sleep had some benefits after a single week of insufficient sleep, those gains were wiped out when people plunged right back into their same sleep-deprived schedule the next Monday.
在一間睡眠實(shí)驗(yàn)室中，一群實(shí)驗(yàn)參與者在工作日的睡眠時(shí)間被限制在五小時(shí)之內(nèi)，而盡管他們在周末的恢復(fù)期內(nèi)，可以完全自由地睡懶覺和打盹，他們的體重還是在兩周的時(shí)間里增加了近三磅。同時(shí)，他們還出現(xiàn)了代謝紊亂的情況，從長遠(yuǎn)來看，這會(huì)增加他們患糖尿病的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。雖然周末的恢復(fù)性睡眠對于僅持續(xù)一周的休息不足有一定的好處，但當(dāng)人們在接下來的周一又重新回到那個(gè)睡眠不足的作息之后，這些好處就完全消失了。
"If there are benefits of catch-up sleep, they're gone when you go back to your routine. It's very short-lived." said Kenneth Wright, director of the sleep and chronobiology laboratory at the University of Colorado at Boulder, who oversaw the work.
科羅拉多大學(xué)博爾德分校的睡眠與時(shí)間生物學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)室的主任肯尼斯·賴特主導(dǎo)了這項(xiàng)研究。他表示：“就算周末補(bǔ)覺有好處，當(dāng)你回到日常（休息不足）的作息時(shí)，這些好處也會(huì)消失的。它們的效果非常短暫。”
Wright said that the study suggests people should prioritize sleep—cutting out the optional "sleep stealers" such as watching television shows or spending time on electronic devices. Even when people don't have a choice about losing sleep due to child-care responsibilities or job schedules, they should think about prioritizing sleep in the same way they would a healthy diet or exercise.
賴特說，這項(xiàng)研究建議人們應(yīng)該把睡眠放在優(yōu)先地位，并減少不必要的“睡眠小偷”式行為，比如看電視節(jié)目或者花時(shí)間在電子設(shè)備上。即使人們因?yàn)檎疹櫤⒆拥呢?zé)任或工作安排而不得不犧牲睡眠的時(shí)候，他們也應(yīng)該像對待健康飲食或體育鍛煉一樣，優(yōu)先考慮睡眠。
重點(diǎn)詞匯
catch-up/?k?t? ?p/
n. 補(bǔ)做；趕做
英文釋義：the act of trying to do something you did not have time to do earlier
搭配短語：play catch-up（通過追趕，達(dá)到同樣的水平或程度）
例句：Alibaba raced ahead into new markets, leaving other companies to play catch-up.
skimp/sk?mp/：v. 節(jié)儉，節(jié)約；吝嗇
近義詞：save
英文釋義：to try to spend less time, money, etc. on something than is really needed
例句：Don't skimp on necessities of life.
marathon/?m?r?θɑ?n/：adj. 馬拉松式的
詞性拓展：marathon（n. 馬拉松賽跑；馬拉松式的活動(dòng)或工作）
搭配短語：full marathon (n.)
搭配短語：half marathon (n.)
sobering/?so?b?r??/：adj. 令人警醒的，使人冷靜的
詞性拓展：sober（adj. 嚴(yán)肅的；冷靜的）
英文釋義：making you feel serious and think carefully
搭配短語：a sobering experience
搭配短語：a sobering thought
sleep in：睡懶覺
英文釋義：to sleep until later in the morning than you usually do
例句：I need to stop sleeping in on weekends, no matter how good it feels to do so.
metabolic/?met??bɑ?l?k/：adj. 代謝的，新陳代謝的
詞性拓展：metabolism（n. 新陳代謝）
例句：Exercise is supposed to speed up your metabolism.
diabetes/?da???bi?ti?z/：n. 糖尿病
英文釋義：a disease in which the body cannot control the level of sugar in the blood
例句：Obesity is a risk factor for diabetes.
plunge into：經(jīng)歷，陷入（不快的事）
plunge 近義詞：drop
英文釋義：to experience something unpleasant
例句：The news plunged us into deep depression.
right/ra?t/：adv. 立即，立刻，馬上
近義詞： immediately
例句：I'll be right back.
sleep-deprived/sli?p d??pra?vd/：adj. 睡眠不足的
相關(guān)詞匯：deprived（adj. 短缺的；匱乏的）
deprived 英文釋義：suffering from a lack of the thing mentioned
相關(guān)詞匯：humour-deprived
oversee/?o?v?r?si?/：v. 監(jiān)督；管理
同義詞：supervise
例句：The film Alita was overseen by James Cameron.
prioritize/pra????r?ta?z/：v. 確定（事項(xiàng)的）優(yōu)先次序；優(yōu)先考慮
詞性拓展：prior（adj. 優(yōu)先的）
英文釋義：to decide which of a group of things are the most important so that you can deal with them first
例句：We must learn to prioritize our work.
participant:n.參與者；
