在前面的《Centos7中安裝及驗證Docker》和《Windows8中安裝及驗證Docker》兩篇文章中都有看到：docker run hello-word，為了更深入的認識Docker，在這篇文章中著重講解一下這句命令的作用和工作流程，從而更加深刻的認識Docker的工作原理。
- 輸入啟動容器命令：
docker run hello-word
將會出現：
C:\Users\zsl-pc>docker run hello-world
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world
c04b14da8d14: Pull complete
Digest: sha256:0256e8a36e2070f7bf2d0b0763dbabdd67798512411de4cdcf9431a1feb60fd9
Status: Downloaded newer image for hello-world:latest
Hello from Docker!
This message shows that your installation appears to be working correctly.
To generate this message, Docker took the following steps:
1. The Docker client contacted the Docker daemon.
2. The Docker daemon pulled the "hello-world" image from the Docker Hub.
3. The Docker daemon created a new container from that image which runs the
executable that produces the output you are currently reading.
4. The Docker daemon streamed that output to the Docker client, which sent it
to your terminal.
To try something more ambitious, you can run an Ubuntu container with:
$ docker run -it ubuntu bash
Share images, automate workflows, and more with a free Docker Hub account:
https://hub.docker.com
For more examples and ideas, visit:
https://docs.docker.com/engine/userguide/
說明：
Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally：表示沒有在本地找到鏡像hello-world:latest
:latest：是指版本號或標記，同一個應用程序可能有多個版本或多個標記，我們可以通過修改latest來修改對應的版本信息。
latest: Pulling from library/hello-world：正在拉取鏡像，也就是將該鏡像下載到本地
c04b14da8d14: Pull complete：下載完成。
從Hello from Docker!開始到最后就是hello-world這個鏡像所做的工作，它只是輸出了這樣幾句話。
當再次輸入：docker run hello-world時，將不再出現類似Unable to find image 'hello-world:latest' locally和pulling的字樣，因為該鏡像已經在本地存在，只需要直接run就行。
- 查看現有鏡像
C:\Users\zsl-pc>docker images
REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE
hello-world latest c54a2cc56cbb 4 months ago 1.848 kB
在這里可以看到這些鏡像的倉庫、標記、id、創建時間、大小等信息
- 查看全部容器
C:\Users\zsl-pc>docker ps -a
CONTAINER ID IMAGE COMMAND CREATED STATUS PORTS
NAMES
fcee30d727b4 hello-world "/hello" 14 minutes ago Exited (0) 13 minutes ago
elated_feynman
e2eb5d0a9f96 hello-world "/hello" 18 minutes ago Exited (0) 16 minutes ago
cranky_engelbart
在這里可以看到所有已經運行（過）的容器，包括：容器Id、對應鏡像、命令行、創建時間、狀態、端口號和名稱。
