在實際的開發過程中，如何適配不同的機型，是一個比較困難的點，尤其是安卓開發，市面上的手機型號太多，屏幕尺寸更是錯綜復雜，所以，蘋果設備的統一性讓我們iOS開發者感恩不已。除了有比較簡單的通過獲取屏幕尺寸做適配，有的情況下還需要根據手機屏幕大小，包括手機機型，iOS系統版本等不同的情況作適配，因此，本片重點描寫關于如何獲取上述的幾種特性。
1.獲取設備的相關信息
OC版：
NSString *deviceName = [[UIDevice currentDevice] name]; //獲取設備名稱 例如：梓辰的手機
NSString *sysVersion = [[UIDevice currentDevice] systemName]; //獲取系統名稱 例如：iPhone OS
NSString *sysVersion = [[UIDevice currentDevice] systemVersion]; //獲取系統版本 例如：9.2
NSString *deviceUUID = [[[UIDevice currentDevice] identifierForVendor] UUIDString]; //獲取設備唯一標識符 例如：FBF2306E-A0D8-4F4B-BDED-9333B627D3E6
NSString *deviceModel = [[UIDevice currentDevice] model]; //獲取設備的型號 例如：iPhone
Swift版：
let deviceName = UIDevice.currentDevice().name //獲取設備名稱 例如：梓辰的手機
let sysName = UIDevice.currentDevice().systemName //獲取系統名稱 例如：iPhone OS
let sysVersion = UIDevice.currentDevice().systemVersion //獲取系統版本 例如：9.2
let deviceUUID = UIDevice.currentDevice().identifierForVendor?.UUIDString //獲取設備唯一標識符 例如：FBF2306E-A0D8-4F4B-BDED-9333B627D3E6
let deviceModel = UIDevice.currentDevice().model //獲取設備的型號 例如：iPhone
2.獲取App相關信息
OC版：
NSDictionary *infoDic = [[NSBundle mainBundle] infoDictionary];
NSString *appVersion = [infoDicobjectForKey:@"CFBundleShortVersionString"]; // 獲取App的版本
NSString *appBuildVersion = [infoDic objectForKey:@"CFBundleVersion"]; // 獲取App的build版本
NSString *appName = [infoDic objectForKey:@"CFBundleDisplayName"]; // 獲取App的名稱
Swift版：
let infoDic = NSBundle.mainBundle().infoDictionary
let appVersion = infoDic?["CFBundleShortVersionString"] // 獲取App的版本
let appBuildVersion = infoDic?["CFBundleVersion"] // 獲取App的build版本
let appName = infoDic?["CFBundleDisplayName"] // 獲取App的名稱
3.獲取iOS設備的具體型號
OC版：
//需要#import <sys/utsname.h>
+ (NSString*)deviceModelName
{
struct utsname systemInfo;
uname(&systemInfo);
NSString *deviceModel = [NSString stringWithCString:systemInfo.machine encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];
//iPhone 系列
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone1,1"]) return @"iPhone 1G";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone1,2"]) return @"iPhone 3G";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone2,1"]) return @"iPhone 3GS";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone3,1"]) return @"iPhone 4";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone3,2"]) return @"Verizon iPhone 4";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone4,1"]) return @"iPhone 4S";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone5,1"]) return @"iPhone 5";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone5,2"]) return @"iPhone 5";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone5,3"]) return @"iPhone 5C";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone5,4"]) return @"iPhone 5C";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone6,1"]) return @"iPhone 5S";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone6,2"]) return @"iPhone 5S";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone7,1"]) return @"iPhone 6 Plus";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone7,2"]) return @"iPhone 6";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone8,1"]) return @"iPhone 6s";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPhone8,2"]) return @"iPhone 6s Plus";
//iPod 系列
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPod1,1"]) return @"iPod Touch 1G";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPod2,1"]) return @"iPod Touch 2G";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPod3,1"]) return @"iPod Touch 3G";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPod4,1"]) return @"iPod Touch 4G";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPod5,1"]) return @"iPod Touch 5G";
//iPad 系列
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad1,1"]) return @"iPad";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,1"]) return @"iPad 2 (WiFi)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,2"]) return @"iPad 2 (GSM)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,3"]) return @"iPad 2 (CDMA)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,4"]) return @"iPad 2 (32nm)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,5"]) return @"iPad mini (WiFi)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,6"]) return @"iPad mini (GSM)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad2,7"]) return @"iPad mini (CDMA)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad3,1"]) return @"iPad 3(WiFi)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad3,2"]) return @"iPad 3(CDMA)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad3,3"]) return @"iPad 3(4G)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad3,4"]) return @"iPad 4 (WiFi)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad3,5"]) return @"iPad 4 (4G)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad3,6"]) return @"iPad 4 (CDMA)";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,1"]) return @"iPad Air";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,2"]) return @"iPad Air";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,3"]) return @"iPad Air";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad5,3"]) return @"iPad Air 2";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad5,4"]) return @"iPad Air 2";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"i386"]) return @"Simulator";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"x86_64"]) return @"Simulator";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,4"]
||[deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,5"]
||[deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,6"]) return @"iPad mini 2";
if ([deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,7"]
||[deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,8"]
||[deviceModel isEqualToString:@"iPad4,9"]) return @"iPad mini 3";
return deviceModel;
}
Swift版：
//MARK: - UIDevice延展
public extension UIDevice {
var modelName: String {
var systemInfo = utsname()
uname(&systemInfo)
let machineMirror = Mirror(reflecting: systemInfo.machine)
let identifier = machineMirror.children.reduce("") { identifier, element in
guard let value = element.value as? Int8 where value != 0 else { return identifier }
return identifier + String(UnicodeScalar(UInt8(value)))
}
switch identifier {
case "iPod5,1": return "iPod Touch 5"
case "iPod7,1": return "iPod Touch 6"
case "iPhone3,1", "iPhone3,2", "iPhone3,3": return "iPhone 4"
case "iPhone4,1": return "iPhone 4s"
case "iPhone5,1", "iPhone5,2": return "iPhone 5"
case "iPhone5,3", "iPhone5,4": return "iPhone 5c"
case "iPhone6,1", "iPhone6,2": return "iPhone 5s"
case "iPhone7,2": return "iPhone 6"
case "iPhone7,1": return "iPhone 6 Plus"
case "iPhone8,1": return "iPhone 6s"
case "iPhone8,2": return "iPhone 6s Plus"
case "iPhone9,1": return "iPhone 6"
case "iPhone9,2": return "iPhone 6 Plus"
case "iPad2,1", "iPad2,2", "iPad2,3", "iPad2,4":return "iPad 2"
case "iPad3,1", "iPad3,2", "iPad3,3": return "iPad 3"
case "iPad3,4", "iPad3,5", "iPad3,6": return "iPad 4"
case "iPad4,1", "iPad4,2", "iPad4,3": return "iPad Air"
case "iPad5,3", "iPad5,4": return "iPad Air 2"
case "iPad2,5", "iPad2,6", "iPad2,7": return "iPad Mini"
case "iPad4,4", "iPad4,5", "iPad4,6": return "iPad Mini 2"
case "iPad4,7", "iPad4,8", "iPad4,9": return "iPad Mini 3"
case "iPad5,1", "iPad5,2": return "iPad Mini 4"
case "iPad6,7", "iPad6,8": return "iPad Pro"
case "AppleTV5,3": return "Apple TV"
case "i386", "x86_64": return "Simulator"
default: return identifier
}
}
}
注：關于獲取iOS設備的具體型號，只有真機測試才能夠得出結果，如果是在模擬器上運行，打印結果只會是“ Simulator”。
4.關于獲取屏幕尺寸
這個之前沒有做過，但是有兩個想法，一個是通過獲取iOS設備型號，然后根據具體型號，判斷設備的尺寸；或者也可以直接根據屏幕寬度或者高度，判斷設備尺寸，以后如果遇到，再把代碼補全。
5.判斷手機型號，用于檢測API的可用性
if #available(iOS 10, macOS 10.12, *) {
// 在 iOS 使用 iOS 10 的 API, 在 macOS 使用 macOS 10.12 的 API
} else {
// 使用先前版本的 iOS 和 macOS 的 API
}
最近看了一個項目,大神適配的方法很不錯的,把代碼寫過來,方便以后查看:
///基于iPhone6垂直方向上的適配
/// - Parameter size: iPhone6垂直方向尺寸
/// - Returns: 其他型號尺寸
func layoutVertical(iPhone6:CGFloat)->CGFloat{
var newHeight:CGFloat = 0
switch iPhoneModel.getCurrentModel() {
case .iPhone5:
newHeight = iPhone6*(568.0/667.0)
case .iPhone6:
newHeight = iPhone6
case .iPhone6p:
newHeight = iPhone6*(736.0/667.0)
default:
newHeight = iPhone6*(1024.0/667.0*0.9)
}
return newHeight
}
///基于iPhone6水平方向上的適配
/// - Parameter size: iPhone6水平方向尺寸
/// - Returns: 其他型號尺寸
func layoutHorizontal(iPhone6:CGFloat)->CGFloat{
var newWidth:CGFloat = 0
switch iPhoneModel.getCurrentModel() {
case .iPhone5:
newWidth = iPhone6*(320.0/375.0)
case .iPhone6:
newWidth = iPhone6
case .iPhone6p:
newWidth = iPhone6*(414.0/375.0)
default:
newWidth = iPhone6*(768.0/375.0*0.9)
}
return newWidth
}
///基于iPhone6字體的屏幕適配
/// - Parameter size: iPhone6字體大小
/// - Returns: 其他型號字體
func layoutFont(iPhone6:CGFloat)->CGFloat{
var newFont:CGFloat = 0
switch iPhoneModel.getCurrentModel() {
case .iPhone5:
newFont = iPhone6 * (320.0 / 375.0)
case .iPhone6:
newFont = iPhone6
case .iPhone6p:
newFont = iPhone6 * (414.0 / 375.0)
default:
newFont = iPhone6*1.2
}
return newFont
}
///手機類型枚舉
enum iPhoneModel{
case iPhone4
case iPhone5
case iPhone6
case iPhone6p
case iPad
///獲取當前手機型號
///return - 當前手機類型
static func getCurrentModel()->iPhoneModel{
switch Sheight {
case 480:
return .iPhone4
case 568:
return .iPhone5
case 667:
return .iPhone6
case 736:
return .iPhone6p
default:
return .iPad
}
}
}
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