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TED十佳演講之什么是愛:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)怎樣使人們變得親密(1)_英語演講 - 可可英語
TED演講:互聯(lián)網(wǎng)怎樣使人們變得親密 - TED演講 - 可可英語
9.26聽寫：--1010
I believe that there are new, hidden tensions
I believe that there are new, hidden tensions
我相信，有新的，隱藏的緊張關(guān)系
that are actually happening between people and institutions –
that are actually happening between people and institutions
發(fā)生在人們與制度之間，
institutions that are the institutions that people inhabit in their daily life:
institutions that are the institutions that people inhabit in their daily life
在人們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪械闹贫热纾?/p>
schools, hospitals, workplaces, factories, offices, etc.
schools ,hospitals ,workplaces ,factories ,offices etc
學(xué)校、醫(yī)院、工作場(chǎng)所、工廠、辦公室等等。
And something that I see happening
and something that I see happening
我看到的這些關(guān)系
is something that I would like to call
is something that I would like to call
是被我稱之為的
a sort of "democratization of intimacy."
a sort of democratization of intimacy
一種“民主化的親密關(guān)系。”
And what do I mean by that?
and what do I mean by that
這是什么意思呢？
I mean that what people are doing
I mean that what people are doing
事實(shí)上，我指的是人們正在做的
is, in fact, they are sort of, with their communication channels, they are breaking an imposed isolation that these institutions are imposing on them. 就是在他們所處的溝通渠道中，他們?cè)噲D打破一種強(qiáng)加的孤立，一種由于這些制度對(duì)他們所強(qiáng)加的孤立。
is ,in fact ,they are sort of ,with their communication channels ,they are breaking an imposed
isolation that these institutions are imposing on them
How are they doing this? They're doing it in a very simple way, by calling their mom from work, by IMing from their office to their friends, by texting under the desk.
how are they doing this ?they're doing it in a very simple way ,by calling their mom from work,
by I ming from their office to their friends ,by texting under the desk
人們?cè)鯓硬拍茏龅竭@點(diǎn)？他們正用非常簡單的方法來做到，例如工作時(shí)給媽媽打電話，從辦公室給朋友們發(fā)即時(shí)通訊，在桌子下發(fā)短信。
9.27聽寫：1011
The pictures that you're seeing behind me
你看到我身后的這些照片
are people that I visited in the last few months.
是我過去幾個(gè)月采訪的人們。
And I asked them to come along with the person they communicate with most.
And somebody brought a boyfriend, somebody a father. One young woman brought her grandfather.
我請(qǐng)求他們帶來他們聯(lián)系最多，最親密的人。有人帶來她的男朋友，有人帶來父親。一位年輕女人帶來她的爺爺。
For 20 years, I've been looking at how people use channels such as email, the mobile phone, texting, etc.
20年來，我一直在研究人們?nèi)绾问褂萌珉娮余]件、移動(dòng)電話和短信等的通信渠道。
What we're actually going to see is that, fundamentally, people are communicating on a regular basis with five, six, seven of their most intimate sphere.
從根本上，我們實(shí)際上要看到的是，人們與他們最親密領(lǐng)域里的五，六，七個(gè)人定期交流聯(lián)系。
Now, lets take some data. Facebook.
現(xiàn)在例如一些有關(guān)Facebook的數(shù)據(jù)。
Recently some sociologists from Facebook -- Facebook is the channel that you would expect is the most enlarging of all channels.
最近一些社會(huì)學(xué)家從Facebook，F(xiàn)acebook是人們所期望的所有社交網(wǎng)絡(luò)中最龐大的一個(gè)。
And an average user, said Cameron Marlow, from Facebook, has about 120 friends.
一位Facebook的普通用戶，卡梅倫馬洛Cameron Marlow說，他大約有120個(gè)朋友。
But he actually talks to, has two-way exchanges with, about four to six people on a regular base, depending on his gender.
但是根據(jù)他的性別，他實(shí)際上只與大約4至6人定期雙向交流。
Academic research on instant messaging also shows 100 people on buddy lists,? but fundamentally people chat with two, three, four -- anyway, less than five.
在即時(shí)通訊學(xué)術(shù)研究也顯示好友名單上的100個(gè)人，但基本上人們只和二個(gè)，三個(gè)，四個(gè)人相互交流, 無論如何，不會(huì)超過5個(gè)人。
9.28聽寫：1012
My own research on cellphones and voice calls shows that 80 percent of the calls are actually made to four people. 80 percent.
而由我做的關(guān)于手機(jī)和語音呼叫研究中表明百分之八十的來電實(shí)際上是和4個(gè)人對(duì)話。百分之八十。
And when you go to Skype, it's down to two people.
當(dāng)你上Skype，就只和兩個(gè)人聊天。
A lot of sociologists actually are quite disappointed.
很多的社會(huì)學(xué)家的確對(duì)此很失望。
I mean, I've been a bit disappointed sometimes when I saw this data and all this deployment, just for five people.
我的意思是，當(dāng)我看到這數(shù)據(jù)和這一切只是和5個(gè)人交流我也感到失望。
And some sociologists actually feel that it's a closure, it's a cocooning,
而一些社會(huì)學(xué)家實(shí)際上認(rèn)為，這就是一個(gè)封閉的區(qū)間，這就是一個(gè)繭，
that we're disengaging from the public.
以致于我們正與公眾脫離開。
And I would actually, I would like to show you that if we actually look at who is doing it, and from where they're doing it, actually there is an incredible social transformation.
而我實(shí)際上，我想展示給你們的是，如果我們實(shí)際看看誰在通信, 他們?cè)谀睦锝涣髦? 這事實(shí)上是一個(gè)令人難以置信的社會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)變。
There are three stories that I think are quite good examples.? The first gentleman, he's a baker.
這有三個(gè)故事，我認(rèn)為它們是相當(dāng)不錯(cuò)的例子。第一位紳士，他是一位面包師。
And so he starts working every morning at four o'clock in the morning.
And around eight o'clock he sort of sneaks away from his oven, cleans his hands from the flour and calls his wife. He just wants to wish her a good day, because that's the start of her day.
他每天在早上四點(diǎn)開始工作。大概早上8點(diǎn)左右他就偷偷離開他的烤箱，清洗他和面團(tuán)的雙手，并打電話給他的妻子。因?yàn)檫@是她新的一天，他只是想祝福她有美好的一天。
And I've heard this story a number of times. A young factory worker who works night shifts, who manages to sneak away from the factory floor, where there is CCTV by the way, and find a corner, where at 11 o'clock at night. He can call his girlfriend and just say goodnight.
而且我聽說過這種故事很多次。一位年輕的夜班工人從工廠車間要偷偷離開一下，順便說一下，那有閉路電視，他找到一個(gè)拐角，在夜里11點(diǎn)鐘，他給女友電話只是問聲晚安。
Or a mother who, at four o'clock, suddenly manages to find a corner in the toilet to check that her children are safely home.
或者一位母親，在4點(diǎn)鐘，突然在廁所的角落里打電話, 查問她的孩子們是否安全地回家。
9.29聽寫：1013
Then there is another couple, there is a Brazilian couple. They've lived in Italy for a number of years. They Skype with their families a few times a week. But once a fortnight, they actually put the computer on their dining table, pull out the webcam and actually have dinner with their family in Sao Paulo. And they have a big event of it.
接下來另一個(gè)例子，他們是一對(duì)巴西夫婦。他們?cè)谝獯罄疃嗄辍Ｋ麄兣c家人一個(gè)星期有幾次Skype聊天。但是，每兩周一次，他們真的把電腦放在他們的餐桌上, 設(shè)置好攝像頭，竟然就與他們?cè)谑ケＡ_的家庭一起晚餐。他們有了一個(gè)家宴大活動(dòng)。
And I heard this story the first time a couple of years ago from a very modest family of immigrants from Kosovo in Switzerland. They had set up a big screen in their living room, and every morning they had breakfast with their grandmother.
我第一次聽說這種故事是幾年前從一個(gè)非常溫馨的在瑞士居住的科索沃移民家庭。他們?cè)谧约旱目蛷d有一個(gè)大屏幕。每天清晨，通過屏幕，他們與他們的祖母共進(jìn)早餐。
But Danny Miller, who is a very good anthropologist who is working on Filipina migrant women who leave their children back in the Philippines, was telling me about how much parenting is going on and how much these mothers are engaged with their children through Skype.
丹尼米勒Danny Miller是一位很好的人類學(xué)家，他研究菲律賓籍移民婦女，這些婦女離開她們?cè)诜坡少e的孩子們，他曾告訴我有父母教育子女是通過Skype來交流的, 還有很多這些菲律賓母親們通過Skype來了解她們的孩子們。
And then there is the third couple. They are two friends.? They chat to each other every day, a few times a day actually. And finally, finally, they've managed to put instant messaging on their computers at work.
然后還有第三個(gè)例子。他們是兩個(gè)朋友。每天他們互相聊天，甚至一天好幾次。最終他們工作時(shí)試著在電腦上使用即時(shí)消息聯(lián)系。
And now, obviously, they have it open. Whenever they have a moment they chat to each other. And this is exactly what we've been seeing with teenagers and kids doing it in school, under the table, and texting under the table to their friends.? ?現(xiàn)在，顯然地，他們公開交流。每當(dāng)他們有空閑，他們就互相交談。這也正是我們所看到的在學(xué)校,在課桌下，青少年和孩子們正這樣做，并給他們的朋友們發(fā)短信。
So, none of these cases are unique.
所以，這些例子枚不勝舉。
I mean, I could tell you hundreds of them.
我意思是，我可以告訴你們數(shù)百個(gè)類似的例子。
But what is really exceptional is the setting.
但真正特別的是設(shè)定背景。
9.30聽寫：1014
So, think of the three settings I've talkedto you about: factory, migration, office.?那么想想這3個(gè)我所談到的背景：工廠，移民，辦公室。
But it could be in a school, it could be anadministration.It could be a hospital.? 但這也可能在學(xué)校，在政府，也可能在醫(yī)院發(fā)生。
Three settings that, if we just step back15 years, if you just think back 15 years.這3種背景下，如果我們只追隨到15年前，如果你僅回想15年前，
when you clocked in, when you clocked in toan office, when you clocked in to a factory.當(dāng)你打卡上班，打卡到辦公室上班，在工廠打卡上班，
There was no contact for the whole durationof the time, there was no contact with your private sphere.
在整個(gè)工作期間沒有任何聯(lián)系，與你的私人領(lǐng)域沒有任何聯(lián)系。
If you were lucky there was a public phonehanging in the corridor or somewhere.? 你要是很幸運(yùn)，在走廊處或某處可以用一個(gè)公共電話。
If you were in management, oh, that was adifferent story.Maybe you had a direct line. If you were not, you maybe had togo through an operator.
你要是管理層，哦，那就是另一回事。你可能會(huì)有直線電話。如果你沒有直線電話，或許你必須通過一個(gè)操作員打電話。
But basically, when you walked into thosebuildings, the private sphere was left behind you.
但基本上，當(dāng)你進(jìn)入這些建筑物后，你就沒有了私人領(lǐng)域。
And this has become such a norm of ourprofessional lives,
這已成為我們職業(yè)生涯規(guī)范，
such a norm and such an expectation.
類似這樣的規(guī)范，這樣的期望。
And it had nothing to do with technicalcapability.
它與技術(shù)能力沒有任何關(guān)系。
The phones were there. But the expectationwas once you moved in there your commitment was fully to the task at hand, fullyto the people around you. That was where the focus had to be.
手機(jī)就在那里。但是，一旦你進(jìn)入到工作領(lǐng)域，所期望的是，你的義務(wù)就是全身心地完成手頭的任務(wù)，全身心服務(wù)于你身邊的人們。這就是要關(guān)注的事情。
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