一、設(shè)置 root 賬號的密碼
$sudo passwd root
輸入新密碼并重復(fù)一次。
二、更改 apt 源
備份并編輯/etc/apt/sources.list文件
$sudo cp /etc/apt/sources.list /etc/apt/sources.list.old
$sudo nano /etc/apt/sources.list
將原有內(nèi)容用'#'注釋掉，在末尾添加以下內(nèi)容：
## 阿里云源
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
或者以下其他服務(wù)器源：
##中科大源
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
## 清華大學(xué)源
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
## 163源
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-security main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-updates main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-proposed main restricted universe multiverse
deb-src http://mirrors.163.com/ubuntu/ bionic-backports main restricted universe multiverse
保存之后執(zhí)行
$sudo apt-get update
來更新 apt 緩存。
三、安裝自定義字體
將下載的字體放入用戶目錄下的 .local/share/fonts 文件夾中，執(zhí)行以下命令：
$sudo mkfontscale
$sudo mkfontdir
$sudo fc-cache
四、安裝必要軟件
-
Persepolis 內(nèi)置aria2的下載工具**
FireFox瀏覽器可以安裝Persepolis extension插件調(diào)用Persepolis下載$sudo add-apt-repository ppa:persepolis/ppa $sudo apt update $sudo apt install persepolis -
WPS Office
下載地址
進入下載文件夾$sudo dpkg -i wps-office_10.1.0.6634_amd64.deb -
搜狗輸入法
卸載系統(tǒng)自帶的 iBus 輸入法框架
下載地址$sudo apt-get remove --purge ibus
進入下載文件夾$sudo apt-get install -f #解決依賴包問題 $sudo dpkg -i sogoupinyin_2.2.0.0108_amd64.deb -
exfat格式支持
$sudo apt-get install exfat-fuse -
rar解壓軟件
$sudo apt-get install unrar -
網(wǎng)易云音樂
下載地址
進入下載文件夾$sudo apt-get install -f #解決依賴包的問題 $sudo dpkg -i netease-cloud-music_1.1.0_amd64_ubuntu.deb -
VLC Media Player
$sudo add-apt-repository ppa:videolan/master-daily $sudo apt-get update $sudo apt-get install vlc -
TeamViewer
下載地址
進入下載文件夾sudo apt-get install ./teamviewer_amd64.deb -
Git
$sudo apt-get install git $git config --global user.name "Your Name" $git config --global user.email "email@example.com" -
Sublime
$sudo apt-get install apt-transport-https $wget -qO - https://download.sublimetext.com/sublimehq-pub.gpg | sudo apt-key add - $echo "deb https://download.sublimetext.com/ apt/stable/" | sudo tee /etc/apt/sources.list.d/sublime-text.list $sudo apt-get update $sudo apt-get install sublime-text -
Visual Studio Code
下載地址
進入下載文件夾$sudo dpkg -i code_1.24.0-1528306776_amd64.deb -
pip & pipenv
安裝完成后重啟下。$sudo apt-get install python3-pip $pip3 install pipenv
五、界面美化
- 首先安裝Gnome界面設(shè)置工具Tweak Tool
用Firefox打開網(wǎng)站：https://extensions.gnome.org/ 點擊Click here to install browser extension 安裝瀏覽器插件，然后安裝 chrome-gnome-shell$sudo apt install gnome-tweak-tool
安裝完成后在https://extensions.gnome.org/網(wǎng)站安裝以下三個擴展：$sudo apt-get install chrome-gnome-shell- User Themes
- Dash to Dock
- Gnome Global Application Menu
- 在用戶主目錄下的
.local/share文件夾中新建themes文件夾 -
https://www.gnome-look.org/網(wǎng)站集合了眾多界面、圖標(biāo)等主題和壁紙，在 GTK3 Themes 類別中找到Gnome-OSC主題，下載Gnome-OSC-HS--2-themes.tar.xz文件，解壓得到
Gnome-OSC-HS--2-themes文件夾，將里面的Gnome-OSC-HS-(transparent)文件夾復(fù)制到之前建立的themes文件夾中，在Gnome-tweak-tool 中選擇 應(yīng)用程序主題 - Gnome-OSC-HS-(transparent) 。 - 還是在https://www.gnome-look.org/網(wǎng)站，Gnome shell Themes 類別中找到 Human Shell Theme Collection 主題，下載Human-NEXT.zip文件，解壓得到
Human-NEXT文件夾，將其復(fù)制到之前的themes文件夾中，在Gnome-tweak-tool 中選擇 Shell 主題 - Human-NEXT 。 - 安裝圖標(biāo)
在Gnome-tweak-tool 中選擇 圖標(biāo)主題 - Paper 。$sudo add-apt-repository ppa:snwh/pulp $sudo apt-get update $sudo apt-get install paper-icon-theme
