第四章：模型和關系

上一章我們一起建立了一個擴展，并且修改了路由，可以看到第一個畫面了，接下來我們回到數據庫，我們開始建立模型。利用Laravel 的 artisan 命令可以很方便的建立模型，在項目的根目錄下執行：

php artisan make:model Contact
php artisan make:model ContactDocument
php artisan make:model ContactEmail
php artisan make:model ContactPhone
php artisan make:model ContactStatus
php artisan make:model Document
php artisan make:model DocumentType
php artisan make:model Setting
php artisan make:model Task
php artisan make:model TaskDocument
php artisan make:model TaskStatus
php artisan make:model TaskType

可能有聰明的小伙伴已經注意到我沒有建立user 的表和user 的模型，因為laravel-admin 默認建立了一個user表，但是這個表的結構和我們設計的表的結構不一樣，沒關系，我們增加一些字段，然后修改已經有的user模型。
php artisan make:migration alter_users_table --table=users
然后執行
php artisan migrate
好了，接下來我們完成每個模型的代碼吧。

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use App\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;

class Contact extends Model
{
    use SoftDeletes;

    public $timestamps = true;

    protected $table = "contact";

    protected $fillable = ["first_name", "middle_name", "last_name", "status", "referral_source", "position_title", "industry",
        "project_type", "company", "project_description", "description", "budget", "website", "linkedin",
        "address_street", "address_city", "address_state", "address_country", "address_zipcode", "created_by_id",
        "modified_by_id", "assigned_user_id"];

    /**
     * get created by user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function createdBy()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by_id');
    }


    /**
     * get modified by user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function modifiedBy()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'modified_by_id');
    }


    /**
     * get assigned to user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function assignedTo()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'assigned_user_id');
    }


    /**
     * get status object of this contact i.e lead, opportunity, etc.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function getStatus()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(ContactStatus::class, 'status');
    }


    /**
     * get all documents for this contact (this relation is a many to many)
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany
     */
    public function documents()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Document::class, 'contact_document', 'contact_id', 'document_id');
    }


    /**
     * get all emails for this contact
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
     */
    public function emails()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(ContactEmail::class, 'contact_id');
    }


    /**
     * get all phones for this contact
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
     */
    public function phones()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(ContactPhone::class, 'contact_id');
    }


    /**
     * get all tasks related to this contact
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
     */
    public function tasks()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class, 'contact_id');
    }


    public function getName()
    {
        return $this->first_name .  (!empty($this->middle_name)?" " . $this->middle_name . " ":"") . (!empty($this->last_name)?" " . $this->last_name:"");
    }
}

app/Models/ContactDocument.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class ContactDocument extends Model
{
    protected $table = "contact_document";

    protected $fillable = ["contact_id", "document_id"];
}

app/Models/ContactPhone.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class ContactPhone extends Model
{
    protected $table = "contact_phone";

    protected $fillable = ["phone", "contact_id"];
}

app/Models/ContactStatus.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class ContactStatus extends Model
{
    protected $table = "contact_status";

    protected $fillable = ["name"];
}

app/Models/Document.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use App\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;

class Document extends Model
{
    use SoftDeletes;

    protected $table = "document";

    public $timestamps = true;

    protected $fillable = ["name", "file", "status", "type", "publish_date", "expiration_date", "created_by_id", "modified_by_id", "assigned_user_id"];

    /**
     * get created by user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function createdBy()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by_id');
    }


    /**
     * get modified by user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function modifiedBy()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'modified_by_id');
    }


    /**
     * get assigned to user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function assignedTo()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'assigned_user_id');
    }


    /**
     * get type object for this document
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function getType()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(DocumentType::class, 'type');
    }
}

app/Models/DocumentType.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class DocumentType extends Model
{
    protected $table = "document_type";

    protected $fillable = ["name"];
}

app/Models/Setting.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class Setting extends Model
{
    protected $table = "setting";

    protected $fillable = ["setting_key", "setting_value"];
}

app/Models/Task.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use App\User;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;

class Task extends Model
{
    use SoftDeletes;

    public $timestamps = true;

    protected $table = "task";

    protected $fillable = ["name", "priority", "status", "type_id", "start_date", "end_date", "complete_date", "contact_type", "contact_id", "description", "created_by_id", "modified_by_id", "assigned_user_id"];

    /**
     * get created by user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function createdBy()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by_id');
    }


    /**
     * get modified by user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function modifiedBy()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'modified_by_id');
    }


    /**
     * get assigned to user object
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function assignedTo()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'assigned_user_id');
    }


    /**
     * get status object for this task i.e completed, started, etc.
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function getStatus()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(TaskStatus::class, 'status');
    }


    /**
     * get type object for this task
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function type()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(TaskType::class, 'type_id');
    }


    /**
     * get contact object attached with this task
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo
     */
    public function contact()
    {
        return $this->belongsTo(Contact::class, 'contact_id');
    }


    /**
     * get all documents for this task (this is a many to many relation)
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany
     */
    public function documents()
    {
        return $this->belongsToMany(Document::class, 'task_document', 'task_id', 'document_id');
    }
}

app/Models/TaskDocument.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class TaskDocument extends Model
{
    protected $table = "task_document";

    protected $fillable = ["task_id", "document_id"];
}

app/Models/TaskStatus.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class TaskStatus extends Model
{
    protected $table = "task_status";

    protected $fillable = ["name"];
}

app/Models/TaskType.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;

class TaskType extends Model
{
    protected $table = "task_type";

    protected $fillable = ["name"];
}

app/User.php

<?php

namespace App\Models;

use Illuminate\Contracts\Auth\MustVerifyEmail;
use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;

class User extends Authenticatable
{
    use HasFactory, Notifiable;

    /**
     * The attributes that are mass assignable.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $fillable = [
        'name', 'email', 'password', 'position_title', 'phone', 'image', 'is_admin', 'is_active'
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that should be hidden for arrays.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $hidden = [
        'password',
        'remember_token',
    ];

    /**
     * The attributes that should be cast to native types.
     *
     * @var array
     */
    protected $casts = [
        'email_verified_at' => 'datetime',
    ];

    /**
     * get all contacts assigned to user
     *
     *
     * @return \Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany
     */
    public function contacts()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Contact::class, 'assigned_user_id');
    }
    /**
     * get all leads assigned to user
     */
    public function leads()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Contact::class, 'assigned_user_id')->where('status', ContactStatus::where('name', config('seed_data.contact_status')[0])->first()->id);
    }
    /**
     * get all opportunities assigned to user
     */
    public function opportunities()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Contact::class, 'assigned_user_id')->where('status', ContactStatus::where('name', config('seed_data.contact_status')[1])->first()->id);
    }
    /**
     * get all customers assigned to user
     */
    public function customers()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Contact::class, 'assigned_user_id')->where('status', ContactStatus::where('name', config('seed_data.contact_status')[2])->first()->id);
    }
    /**
     * get all closed/archives customers assigned to user
     */
    public function archives()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Contact::class, 'assigned_user_id')->where('status', ContactStatus::where('name', config('seed_data.contact_status')[3])->first()->id);
    }
    /**
     * get all documents assigned to user
     */
    public function documents()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Document::class, 'assigned_user_id');
    }
    /**
     * get all tasks assigned to user
     */
    public function tasks()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class, 'assigned_user_id');
    }
    /**
     * get all completed tasks assigned to user
     */
    public function completedTasks()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class, 'assigned_user_id')->where('status', TaskStatus::where('name', config('seed_data.task_statuses')[2])->first()->id);
    }
    /**
     * get all pending tasks assigned to user
     */
    public function pendingTasks()
    {
        return $this->hasMany(Task::class, 'assigned_user_id')->where('status', TaskStatus::whereIn('name', [config('seed_data.task_statuses')[0], config('seed_data.task_statuses')[1]])->first()->id);
    }
    
}

請注意user模型，作為一個銷售人員，他必須具有能查看聯系人，上級，銷售機會等，同時也能查看看自己的任務和任務的狀態，所以我們添加了
User::contacts(), User::leads(), User::tasks, 等方法。
現在我們利用laravel-admin 框架解決認證的問題。