介詞+名詞,表示 “處于某種狀態或活動中”
介詞是很活躍的詞, 有一種用法, 介詞+名詞, 構成介詞短語, 表示 “處于某種狀態或活動中”?
1.?? at + 名詞
at work??? 在工作,在上班,
at table??? 在吃飯
at war???? 在交戰狀態中
at home?? 在家
at peace?? 處于和平狀態
at school??? 在上學
at play? ? 在玩耍
例:The telephone came while they were all at table.
Early the next morning he was hard at work again.
2. ? in + 名詞
in use??? 在使用中
in love?? 戀愛中
in hospital??? 住院
in power ? 當權的,在朝的
in danger?? 處于危險中
in high spirits? 精神抖擻,斗志昂揚
in full swing??? 全面展開,全力進行
例:? John is in love with Rosemary.
Everybody is in high spirits.? 人人情緒高漲
3.?? on + 名詞
on holidy? ? 休假,度假
on sale?????? 有售,在促銷
on strike???? 舉行罷工
on fire??????? 起火,著火
on display?? 正在展出,陳列中
on show? ??? 在上演,在展出,
on duty? ??? 值班,值日,
on leave? ?? 在休假,請了假
on guard??? 警惕著,防備著
on the alert? 警戒著,密切注意著
例: Hurry up, he building is on fire.
Many motorcycles are on sale now.
The police warned people to be on guard for pickpockets during Christmas.
4.?? under + 名詞
under repair???? 正在維修
under discussion? 在討論中
under control? ? 處于控制之下, 受控
under construction? 建設中,
under treatment? ? 正在接受治療
例:The road is under repair.
The proposals are still under discussion
Don't worry. The situation is under control now.
要注意的是,加了 the 后就變成另外一個短語了,意思不同,僅表示人所處的位置,比較:
at school?? 在上學
at the school? 在學校里(表示人的位置,下同)
at table?? 在吃飯
at the table? 坐在桌旁
at desk?? 在讀書
at the desk? 坐在寫字桌前
in class? 在上課
in the class? 在班級里
in bed????? 臥床 (多指臥病在床)
in the bed? 在床上
in prison?? 坐牢,服刑
in the prison? 在監獄(可能去辦事)
in hospital?? 住院
in the hospital?? 在醫院(可能去探望)