原文鏈接
容器類常用的是數(shù)組字典，其實(shí)也能滿足大多數(shù)需要，但偶然看到對集合的需要，覺得集合很實(shí)用。
先定義一個函數(shù):把集合轉(zhuǎn)換為NSString
NSString *NSCollectionToString(id collection) {
NSMutableString *result = [NSMutableString stringWithString:@"["];
for (id obj in collection) {
[result appendString:[obj description]];
[result appendString:@", "];
}
//如果collection是非空集合
if ([collection count] > 0) {
NSInteger len = [result length];//獲取字符串的長度
//去掉最后的,和空格
[result deleteCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(len -2, 2)];
[result appendString:@"]"];
return result;
}
//collection是空集合
else {
[result appendString:@"]"];
return result;
}
}
NSSet
//NSSet
- (void)aboutNSSet{
[super viewDidLoad];
//初始化NSSet,重復(fù)的元素不會被添加進(jìn)去
NSSet *set1 = [NSSet setWithObjects:@"王二",@"張三",@"李四",@"老五",@"王二", nil];
NSLog(@"%ld",set1.count);
NSLog(@"%@",NSCollectionToString(set1));
//用集合初始化集合
NSSet *set2 = [NSSet setWithSet:[NSSet setWithObjects:@"老五",@"王二", nil]];
NSLog(@"%ld",set2.count);
NSLog(@"%@",NSCollectionToString(set2));
//拼接元素
set1 = [set1 setByAddingObject:@"wangEr"];
set1 = [set1 setByAddingObjectsFromSet:[NSSet setWithObjects:@"zhangSan",@"liSi", nil]];
set1 = [set1 setByAddingObjectsFromArray:@[@"wangWu"]];
NSLog(@"%@",NSCollectionToString(set1));
NSLog(@"%ld",set1.count);
//判斷兩個集合是否有交集
BOOL intersect = [set1 intersectsSet:set2];
BOOL equal = [set1 isEqualToSet:set2];
BOOL subset = [set1 isSubsetOfSet:set2];
NSLog(@"set2 是否包含 set1 %d",subset);
NSLog(@"兩個集合是否相等%d",equal);
NSLog(@"兩個集合是否有交集%d",intersect);
//判斷集合是否包含某個元素
BOOL contain = [set1 containsObject:@"xiaowu"];
//判斷是否包含某個元素，并返回該元素或nil
NSSet *s = [set1 member:@"wangEr"];
NSLog(@"set1 是否包含 xiaowu %d",contain);
NSLog(@"s 為 %@ ",s);
//返回集合中的同一個元素，下面兩個結(jié)果一致，蘋果不保證絕對隨機(jī)
NSLog(@"set1 中的隨機(jī)元素%@",[set1 anyObject]);
NSLog(@"set1 中的隨機(jī)元素%@",[set1 anyObject]);
//對set 中所有元素進(jìn)行block處理，返回所有長度大于3的組成新數(shù)組
NSSet *filterSet1 = [set1 objectsPassingTest:^BOOL(id _Nonnull obj, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
return (BOOL)([obj length] > 3);
}];
NSLog(@"set1中元素長度大于3的有%@",NSCollectionToString(filterSet1));
}
NSMutableSet
//NSMutableSet
- (void)aboutNSMutableSet{
//初始化
NSMutableSet *set = [NSMutableSet set];
//添加元素
[set addObject:@"wangEr"];
[set addObjectsFromArray:@[@"zhangSan",@"liSi",@"wangWu"]];
NSLog(@"添加元素后集合%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
//從NSMutableSet中刪除元素
[set removeObject:@"wangEr"];
NSLog(@"刪除元素后的集合%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
[set removeAllObjects];
NSLog(@"清空后的集合%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
//用新集合替換舊集合
[set setSet:[NSSet setWithObjects:@"王二",@"張三", nil]];
NSSet *set2 = [NSSet setWithObjects:@"李四",@"老五",@"王二", nil];
//并集,交集，差集，調(diào)用者為NSMutableSet,但對數(shù)可為NSMutableSet/NSSet
[set unionSet:set2];//并集
NSLog(@"并集為%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
[set minusSet:set2];//差集
NSLog(@"差集為%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
[set intersectSet:set2];//交集
NSLog(@"交集為%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
}
NSCountSet
- (void)aboutNSCountSet{
//可計(jì)數(shù)集合繼承自NSMutableSet，所以它可以修改
NSCountedSet *set = [NSCountedSet set];
[set addObject:@"wangEr"];
[set addObjectsFromArray:@[@"wangEr",@"zhangSan",@"liSi",@"laoWu"]];
NSLog(@"%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
NSLog(@"%ld",set.count); //4個元素
//獲取元素出現(xiàn)的次數(shù)
NSLog(@"wangEr 出再的次數(shù)是%ld",[set countForObject:@"wangEr"]);
//刪除元素
[set removeObject:@"wangEr"];
NSLog(@"刪除 1 次 wangEr 后的集合是%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
NSLog(@"刪除 1 次 wangEr 交數(shù)是%ld",[set countForObject:@"wangEr"]);
[set removeObject:@"wangEr"];
NSLog(@"刪除 2 次 wangEr 后的集合是%@",NSCollectionToString(set));
NSLog(@"刪除 2 次 wangEr 交數(shù)是%ld",[set countForObject:@"wangEr"]);
}
NSIndexSet
NSMutableArray *bookArray=[NSMutableArray array];
Book *book1=[Book bookWithName:@"chinese" price:19];
Book *book2=[Book bookWithName:@"math" price:16];
Book *book3=[Book bookWithName:@"english" price:15];
[bookArray addObject:book1];
[bookArray addObject:book2];
[bookArray addObject:book3];
//檢測判斷,返回第一個符合條件的數(shù)據(jù)索引
NSUInteger pass = [bookArray indexOfObjectPassingTest:^BOOL(Book *obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
if (obj.price > 25) {
return YES;
}else{
return NO;
}
}];
if (pass == NSNotFound) {
NSLog(@"notFound");
}
//檢測判斷,返回符合條件的數(shù)據(jù)索引集合
NSIndexSet *testSet = [bookArray indexesOfObjectsPassingTest:^BOOL(Book* obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
if (obj.price> 15) {
return YES;
}else{
return NO;
}
}];
NSLog(@"%ld",testSet.count);
[testSet enumerateIndexesUsingBlock:^(NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
NSLog(@"======%lu",idx);
}];
NSOrderedSet
NSOrderSet 繼承自 NSObject
NSMutableOrderSet 繼承自 NSOrderSet
NSOrderedSet具有NSSet相似的功能，而NSMutableOrderedSet具有NSMutableSet相似的功能，
有增加、刪除、替換元素，排序，計(jì)算集合的交集、并集、差集等功能，同時有根據(jù)索引來對元素進(jìn)行操作的功能
- (void)aboutOrderedSet{
NSOrderedSet *orderSet = [NSOrderedSet orderedSetWithObjects:@"wangEr",@"zhangSan",@"liSi",@"laoWu", nil];
NSLog(@"orderSet為%@",NSCollectionToString(orderSet));//有序
//根據(jù)索引進(jìn)行訪問
NSLog(@"第一個元素是%@",[orderSet firstObject]);
NSLog(@"第二個元素是%@",[orderSet objectAtIndex:1]);
NSLog(@"最后一個元素是%@",[orderSet lastObject]);
NSLog(@"(0-2)范圍內(nèi)的元素是%@",NSCollectionToString( [orderSet objectsAtIndexes:[NSIndexSet indexSetWithIndexesInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 2) ]]));
//用block返因長度 > 4 的元素索引
NSIndexSet *indexSet = [orderSet indexesOfObjectsPassingTest:^BOOL(id _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
return (BOOL)([obj length]>4);
}];
NSLog(@"長度大于4的元素索引為%@",indexSet);
//可變有序集合
NSMutableOrderedSet *mutableOrderSet = [NSMutableOrderedSet orderedSet];
[mutableOrderSet addObject:@"wangEr"];
[mutableOrderSet addObjectsFromArray:[NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"wangEr",@"zhangSan",@"liSi",@"laoWu",nil]];
//根據(jù)索引刪除元素
[mutableOrderSet removeObjectAtIndex:2];
NSLog(@"刪除第二個元素后的集合是%@",NSCollectionToString(mutableOrderSet));
[mutableOrderSet removeObjectsAtIndexes:[NSIndexSet indexSetWithIndexesInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 1)]];
NSLog(@"刪除第一個元素后的集合是%@",NSCollectionToString(mutableOrderSet));
[mutableOrderSet removeObjectsInRange:NSMakeRange(0, 2)];
NSLog(@"刪除兩個元素后的集合是%@",NSCollectionToString(mutableOrderSet));
}
NSSet如何判斷兩個元素是否相等？
同時滿足兩個條件
1.兩個對象通過isEqual:方法返回YES,即指針或內(nèi)容相等
2.兩個對象的hash方法返回值相等，即hashCode相等
但兩個對象內(nèi)容相等，但它們的hashCode不一定相等，
所以重寫父類的兩個方法
-(BOOL)isEqual:(id)object 和 - (NSInteger) hash
//不重寫父類方法的情況下系統(tǒng)會認(rèn)為添加了5個不同的元素
NSSet *set = [NSSet setWithObjects:
[[User alloc] initWithName:@"sun" pass:@"123"],
[[User alloc] initWithName:@"bai" pass:@"234"],
[[User alloc] initWithName:@"sun" pass:@"123"],
[[User alloc] initWithName:@"hu" pass:@"456"],
[[User alloc] initWithName:@"gan" pass:@"567"],
nil];
重寫繼承自NSObject的isEqual:
- (BOOL) isEqual:(id)object {
if (self == object) {
return YES;
}
if ([object class] == [self class]) {
User *target = (User *) object;
return [self.name isEqualToString:target.name] && [self.pass isEqualToString:target.pass];
}
return NO;
}
重寫繼承自NSObject的hash方法
- (NSInteger) hash {
NSInteger nameHash = (self.name == nil ? 0 : [self.name hash]);
NSInteger passHash = (self.pass == nil ? 0 : [self.pass hash]);
return nameHash * 31 + passHash;
}
