SpringCloud（第 008 篇）電影微服務(wù)，使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客戶端進(jìn)行負(fù)載均衡調(diào)度算法

一、大致介紹

1、通過(guò) application.yml 配置來(lái)設(shè)置 Ribbon 客戶端進(jìn)行負(fù)載均衡的調(diào)度算法；
2、通過(guò) restTemplate.getForObject、loadBalancerClient.choose 兩種代碼調(diào)用方式來(lái)測(cè)試客戶端負(fù)載均衡算法；

二、實(shí)現(xiàn)步驟

2.1 添加 maven 引用包

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
		 xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
		 xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
	<modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

	<artifactId>springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties</artifactId>
	<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
	<packaging>jar</packaging>

	<parent>
		<groupId>com.springms.cloud</groupId>
		<artifactId>springms-spring-cloud</artifactId>
        <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    </parent>


	<dependencies>
		<!-- web模塊 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 客戶端發(fā)現(xiàn)模塊 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-eureka</artifactId>
		</dependency>

		<!-- 監(jiān)控和管理生產(chǎn)環(huán)境的模塊 -->
		<dependency>
			<groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
			<artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId>
		</dependency>
	</dependencies>
</project>

2.2 添加應(yīng)用配置文件（springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties\src\main\resources\application.yml）

spring:
  application:
    name: springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties
server:
  port: 8030
#做負(fù)載均衡的時(shí)候，不需要這個(gè)動(dòng)態(tài)配置的地址
#user:
#  userServicePath: http://localhost:7900/simple/
eureka:
  client:
    healthcheck:
      enabled: true
    serviceUrl:
      defaultZone: http://admin:admin@localhost:8761/eureka
  instance:
    prefer-ip-address: true
    instance-id: ${spring.application.name}:${spring.cloud.client.ipAddress}:${spring.application.instance_id:${server.port}}

# 配置 Ribbon 負(fù)載均衡調(diào)度規(guī)則
springms-provider-user:
  ribbon:
#    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule #輪調(diào)
    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule #隨機(jī)分配
#    NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName: com.netflix.loadbalancer.WeightedResponseTimeRule

2.3 添加實(shí)體用戶類User（springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\entity\User.java）

package com.springms.cloud.entity;

import java.math.BigDecimal;

public class User {
  private Long id;

  private String username;

  private String name;

  private Short age;

  private BigDecimal balance;

  public Long getId() {
    return this.id;
  }

  public void setId(Long id) {
    this.id = id;
  }

  public String getUsername() {
    return this.username;
  }

  public void setUsername(String username) {
    this.username = username;
  }

  public String getName() {
    return this.name;
  }

  public void setName(String name) {
    this.name = name;
  }

  public Short getAge() {
    return this.age;
  }

  public void setAge(Short age) {
    this.age = age;
  }

  public BigDecimal getBalance() {
    return this.balance;
  }

  public void setBalance(BigDecimal balance) {
    this.balance = balance;
  }

}

2.4 添加Web訪問(wèn)層Controller（springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\controller\MovieRibbonPropertiesController.java）

package com.springms.cloud.controller;

import com.springms.cloud.entity.User;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.ServiceInstance;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalancerClient;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

@RestController
public class MovieRibbonPropertiesController {

  @Autowired
  private RestTemplate restTemplate;
  @Autowired
  private LoadBalancerClient loadBalancerClient;

  @GetMapping("/movie/{id}")
  public User findById(@PathVariable Long id) {
      // http://localhost:7900/simple/
      // VIP virtual IP
      // HAProxy Heartbeat

      ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("springms-provider-user");
      System.out.println(">>>>>" + " " + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

      return this.restTemplate.getForObject("http://springms-provider-user/simple/" + id, User.class);
  }

    @GetMapping("/choose")
    public String test() {
        ServiceInstance serviceInstance = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("springms-provider-user");
        System.out.println("00000" + ":" + serviceInstance.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance.getPort());

        ServiceInstance serviceInstance2 = this.loadBalancerClient.choose("springms-provider-user2");
        System.out.println("222222222222222222" + ":" + serviceInstance2.getServiceId() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getHost() + ":" + serviceInstance2.getPort());

        return "choose successful";
    }
}

2.5 添加電影微服務(wù)啟動(dòng)類（springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties\src\main\java\com\springms\cloud\MsConsumerMovieRibbonPropertiesApplication.java）

package com.springms.cloud;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.cloud.client.loadbalancer.LoadBalanced;
import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.web.client.RestTemplate;

/**
 * 電影微服務(wù)，使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客戶端進(jìn)行負(fù)載均衡調(diào)度算法。
 *
 * LoadBalanced：該負(fù)載均衡注解，已經(jīng)整合了 Ribbon；
 *
 * Ribbon 的默認(rèn)負(fù)載均衡的算法為：輪詢；
 *
 * 配置文件優(yōu)先級(jí)最高，Java代碼設(shè)置的配置其次，默認(rèn)的配置優(yōu)先級(jí)最低；
 *
 * @author hmilyylimh
 *
 * @version 0.0.1
 *
 * @date 2017/9/17
 *
 */
@SpringBootApplication
@EnableEurekaClient
public class MsConsumerMovieRibbonPropertiesApplication {

    @Bean
    @LoadBalanced
    public RestTemplate restTemplate() {
        return new RestTemplate();
    }

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MsConsumerMovieRibbonPropertiesApplication.class, args);
        System.out.println("【【【【【【 電影微服務(wù)-Properties定制Ribbon 】】】】】】已啟動(dòng).");
    }
}

三、測(cè)試

/****************************************************************************************
 一、電影微服務(wù)，使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客戶端進(jìn)行負(fù)載均衡調(diào)度算法（測(cè)試輪詢分配服務(wù)器地址）：

 1、application.yml配置輪詢算法：springms-provider-user.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RoundRobinRule；
 2、啟動(dòng) springms-provider-user 模塊服務(wù)，啟動(dòng)3個(gè)端口（7900、7899、7898）；
 3、啟動(dòng) springms-provider-user2 模塊服務(wù)，啟動(dòng)2個(gè)端口（7997、7996）（直接將用戶微服務(wù) spring.application.name 改了個(gè)名字為 springms-provider-user2 再啟動(dòng)而已）；
 4、啟動(dòng) springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties 模塊服務(wù)，啟動(dòng)1個(gè)端口；
 5、在瀏覽器輸入地址http://localhost:8030/choose，然后看看 springms-provider-user、springms-provider-user2 的各個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的端口的服務(wù)打印的信息是否均勻，正常情況下應(yīng)該是輪詢分配打印的；

 總結(jié)：springms-provider-user（之所以輪詢是因?yàn)榕渲梦募捎?RoundRobinRule 輪詢調(diào)度算法）、springms-provider-user2（之所以輪詢是因?yàn)闆](méi)有任何配置，默認(rèn)調(diào)度算法就是輪詢算法）
 ****************************************************************************************/

/****************************************************************************************
 二、電影微服務(wù)，使用 application.yml 配置文件配置 Ribbon 在客戶端進(jìn)行負(fù)載均衡調(diào)度算法（測(cè)試隨機(jī)分配服務(wù)器地址）：

 1、application.yml配置隨機(jī)算法：springms-provider-user.ribbon.NFLoadBalancerRuleClassName=com.netflix.loadbalancer.RandomRule；
 2、啟動(dòng) springms-provider-user 模塊服務(wù)，啟動(dòng)3個(gè)端口（7900、7899、7898）；
 3、啟動(dòng) springms-provider-user2 模塊服務(wù)，啟動(dòng)2個(gè)端口（7997、7996）（直接將用戶微服務(wù) spring.application.name 改了個(gè)名字為 springms-provider-user2 再啟動(dòng)而已）；
 4、啟動(dòng) springms-consumer-movie-ribbon-properties 模塊服務(wù)，啟動(dòng)1個(gè)端口；
 5、在瀏覽器輸入地址http://localhost:8030/choose，然后看看 springms-provider-user、springms-provider-user2 的各個(gè)對(duì)應(yīng)的端口的服務(wù)打印的信息是否均勻，正常情況下應(yīng)該是輪詢分配打印的；

 總結(jié)：springms-provider-user（之所以隨機(jī)是因?yàn)榕渲梦募捎?RandomRule 隨機(jī)調(diào)度算法）、springms-provider-user2（之所以輪詢是因?yàn)闆](méi)有任何配置，默認(rèn)調(diào)度算法就是輪詢算法）
 ****************************************************************************************/

四、下載地址

https://gitee.com/ylimhhmily/SpringCloudTutorial.git

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