第七章usage是priciple中最后一章,那什么是好的usage呢?第八章是新的一章method里面的unity,unity是團結的意思,在這里我理解為文章句子的代詞、時態以及風格的統一。
PART ONE VOCABULARY
1.I don’t consider them?slang, or put quotation marks around them to show that I’m mucking?about in the argot of the youth culture and really know better.
一個句子里面為了表達行話、隱語、俚語這個意思用了兩個詞,后文中還出現了jargon、locution。還有一個詞叫terminology:(各行業、社會認可的)通用術語,專門名詞。
2.You learn to write by writing. It’s a truism, but what makes it a truism is?that it’s true.
truism為老生常談,我覺得這個和前面rules of thumb意思有點相近,后者是經驗之談。an obvious truth.
e.g.Tom's speech was a collection of cliches and truism.
3.Unity is the anchor of good writing. So, first, get your unities straight.Unity not only keeps the reader from straggling off in all directions;
achor:to provide a feeling of support,支柱支撐
straggling:lose one's way掉隊、迷路、落伍
PART TWO 感想與摘抄好句
however, that “the pen?must at length comply with the tongue,” as Samuel Johnson said, and?that today’s spoken garbage may be tomorrow’s written gold.
Good?usage, to me, consists of using good words if they already exist—as they?almost always do—to express myself clearly and simply to someone else.
What is good usage? One helpful approach is to try to separate usage?from jargon.
在第七章usage用法中作者講述作為專家組的一名成員,認為應該講俚語與寫作語言區分出來,將一些外來語潤色。相對寫作語言,口頭語言的要求相對輕松。但是作者擔心不久俚語在我們生活中將會泛濫成災。美國前總統卡特、克林頓,janet reno到各種公司已經在嘗試讓他們的語言更平易近人。對于俚語,我們也并非書呆子也懂得與時俱進但是這并不意味要像伐樹般如此粗暴地接受。
在第八章講述代詞、時態、風格的統一。作者講了一個旅游游記(其中九龍的單詞我還是查了才知道),這個游記像流水賬一樣,講了香港的氣候、飲食等等,但是偏離了主題,刪繁從簡是非常重要的。focus主要內容刪除繁枝末節,同時還得有熱情,不然你的讀者第一時間就會察覺。寫作文每一個細節都應該圍繞主題。英文如此中文亦是,以前高三寫作文經常被班主任罵,作文低分就是寫著寫著偏離了主題。寫文章還得留給讀者遐想的空間,一篇文章需要裁剪和粘貼才能形成好的文章。在寫作時你可能會才思泉涌,不要擔心,調整好你的文風。