Liftoff! NASA’s Artemis I Mega Rocket Launches Orion to Moon（原文鏈接）
"阿爾忒彌斯1號"火箭將"獵戶座"號發射到月球（英文翻譯）
原文：
Following a successful launch of NASA’s Space Launch System (SLS), the most powerful rocket in the world, the agency’s Orion spacecraft is on its way to the Moon as part of the Artemis program. Carrying an uncrewed Orion, SLS lifted off for its flight test debut at 1:47 a.m. EST Wednesday from Launch Pad 39B at NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida.
The launch is the first leg of a mission in which Orion is planned to travel approximately 40,000 miles beyond the Moon and return to Earth over the course of 25.5 days. Known as Artemis I, the mission is a critical part of NASA’s Moon to Mars exploration approach, in which the agency explores for the benefit of humanity. It’s an important test for the agency before flying astronauts on the Artemis II mission.
“What an incredible sight to see NASA’s Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft launch together for the first time. This uncrewed flight test will push Orion to the limits in the rigors of deep space, helping us prepare for human exploration on the Moon and, ultimately, Mars,” said NASA Administrator Bill Nelson.
翻譯：
隨著NASA太空發射系統(SLS)的成功發射，世界上最強大的火箭——"獵戶座"號(Orion)飛船作為阿爾忒彌斯計劃的一部分，正在前往月球的途中。美國東部時間周三凌晨1點47分，SLS 載著一艘無人駕駛的獵戶座飛船從NASA位于佛羅里達州的肯尼迪航天中心39b 發射臺升空，開始了它的首次飛行測試。
這次發射是“獵戶座”號任務的第一步，計劃在25.5天的時間里，從月球上空飛行大約4萬英里，然后返回地球。這次任務被命名為"阿爾忒彌斯1號"，是NASA月球火星探測計劃的重要組成部分，目的是為了人類的利益而進行探索。在宇航員執行"阿爾忒彌斯2號"任務之前，這是一個重要的考驗。
“看到NASA的太空發射系統火箭和“獵戶座”號宇宙飛船首次一起發射，是多么令人難以置信的景象。這次無人駕駛飛行試驗將把“獵戶座”號推向深空的極限，幫助我們為人類在月球和最終火星上的探索做好準備。”NASA局長比爾·納爾遜(Bill Nelson)這樣說道。
原文：
After reaching its initial orbit, Orion deployed its solar arrays and engineers began performing checkouts of the spacecraft’s systems. About 1.5 hours into flight, the rocket’s upper stage engine successfully fired for approximately 18 minutes to give Orion the big push needed to send it out of Earth orbit and toward the Moon.
Orion has separated from its upper stage and is on its outbound coast to the Moon powered by its service module, which is the propulsive powerhouse provided by ESA (European Space Agency) through an international collaboration.
“It’s taken a lot to get here, but Orion is now on its way to the Moon,” said Jim Free, NASA deputy associate administrator for the Exploration Systems Development Mission Directorate. “This successful launch means NASA and our partners are on a path to explore farther in space than ever before for the benefit of humanity.”
翻譯：
到達初始軌道后，獵戶座展開了太陽能電池陣列，工程師們開始對航天器系統進行檢查。在大約1.5小時的飛行中，火箭的上層發動機成功地運轉了大約18分鐘，為獵戶座提供了將其從地球軌道發射到月球所需的巨大推力。
“獵戶座”號已經從它的上層發動機分離出來，通過服務艙驅動飛往月球的航線上，該服務艙是歐洲航天局(ESA)通過國際合作提供的推進動力源。
“為此曾花費了很多功夫，但“獵戶座”號正在飛往月球的路上，”NASA勘探系統開發任務局副助理署長吉姆·弗里(Jim Free)說。 “這次成功發射意味著NASA和我們的合作伙伴正走上一條比以往任何時候都更遠的太空探索道路，從而造福于人類。”
原文：
Over the next several hours, a series of 10 small science investigations and technology demonstrations, called CubeSats, will deploy from a ring that connected the upper stage to the spacecraft. Each CubeSat has its own mission that has the potential to fill gaps in our knowledge of the solar system or demonstrate technologies that may benefit the design of future missions to explore the Moon and beyond.
Orion’s service module will also perform the first of a series of burns to keep Orion on course toward the Moon approximately eight hours after launch. In the coming days, mission controllers at NASA’s Johnson Space Center in Houston will conduct additional checkouts and course corrections as needed. Orion is expected to fly by the Moon on Nov. 21, performing a close approach of the lunar surface on its way to a distant retrograde orbit, a highly stable orbit thousands of miles beyond the Moon.
“The Space Launch System rocket delivered the power and performance to send Orion on its way to the Moon,” said Mike Sarafin, Artemis I mission manager. “With the accomplishment of the first major milestone of the mission, Orion will now embark on the next phase to test its systems and prepare for future missions with astronauts.”
翻譯：
在接下來的幾個小時里，10顆名為“立方星群(CubeSats)” ——用于科學研究和技術演示的小衛星，將從連接上層和航天器的圓環上展開。每顆“立方星”都有自己的任務，有可能填補我們對太陽系知識的空白，或展示可能有助于設計未來探索月球及其他任務的技術。
此時“獵戶座”號的服務艙也將開始執行驅動任務，以保持“獵戶座”號在發射后大約8小時仍處于朝向月球的的軌道上。在接下來的幾天里，位于休斯頓的NASA約翰遜航天中心的任務控制員將根據需要進行額外的檢查和航向修正。預計“獵戶座”號將于11月21日飛越月球，在月球上空數千英里遠的逆行軌道上近距離接近月球表面。
“太空發射系統火箭提供了將獵戶座送上月球的動力和效能，"阿爾忒彌斯1號"任務經理邁克 · 薩拉芬(Mike Sarafin)說。“隨著任務第一個重要里程碑的完成，"獵戶座"號現在將開始下一階段的系統測試，并為未來的宇航員任務做好準備。”
原文：
The SLS rocket and Orion spacecraft arrived at Kennedy’s Launch Pad 39B on Nov. 4 where they rode out Hurricane Nicole. Following the storm, teams conducted thorough assessments of the rocket, spacecraft, and associated ground systems and confirmed there were no significant impacts from the severe weather.
Engineers previously rolled the rocket back to the Vehicle Assembly Building (VAB) Sept. 26 ahead of Hurricane Ian and after waving off two previous launch attempts Aug. 29 due to a faulty temperature sensor, and Sept. 4 due to a liquid hydrogen leak at an interface between the rocket and mobile launcher. Prior to rolling back to the VAB, teams successfully repaired the leak and demonstrated updated tanking procedures. While in the VAB, teams performed standard?maintenance?to repair minor damage to the foam and cork on the?thermal protection system?and recharge or replace batteries throughout the system.
Artemis I is supported by thousands of people around the world, from contractors who built Orion and SLS, and the ground infrastructure needed to launch them, to international and university partners, to small businesses supplying subsystems and components.
Through?Artemis?missions, NASA will land the first woman and the first person of color on the surface of the Moon, paving the way for a long-term lunar presence and serving as a steppingstone for astronauts on the way to Mars.
翻譯：
SLS火箭和"獵戶座"號飛船于11月4日抵達肯尼迪的39B發射臺，那天正值颶風“妮可”登陸。颶風過后，各小組對火箭、航天器和相關地面系統進行了全面評估，確認惡劣天氣沒有造成重大影響。
此前，工程師們曾在9月26日颶風“伊恩”來臨前將火箭推回運載器裝配大樓（VAB），在8月29日由于溫度傳感器故障，以及9月4日由于火箭和移動發射器之間的界面液氫泄漏，也放棄了之前的兩次發射嘗試。在回到 VAB 之前，團隊成功地修復了液氫泄漏并展示了更新后的加注程序。在 VAB 中，團隊進行了標準的維護，以修復熱保護系統上泡沫和軟木的輕微損壞，并在整個系統中充電或更換電池。
"阿爾忒彌斯1號"得到了世界各地成千上萬人的支持，從建造"獵戶座"號和 SLS 的承包商，以及發射它們所需的地面基礎設施，到國際和大學合作伙伴，再到提供子系統和組件的小型企業。
通過阿耳忒彌斯計劃，NASA將使第一位女性和第一位有色人種登陸月球表面，為常駐月球鋪平了道路，并成為宇航員前往火星的踏腳石。
