英國稅收 去往何處（1）

Whoever wins the next election,taxes are likely to go up.To finance the many costly promiss in its manifesto the Labour Party would need to increase taxes significantly.

不管誰當選下一任首相，稅收都可能提高。工黨為了給其宣言中的許多代價極高的承諾提供資金，需要大幅增加稅收。

It has promised a steep rise in corporation tax and a higher rate of income tax for those earning more than 80,000 pounds ($104,000)a year.The Liberal Democrats want to add one percentage point to each band of income tax to pay for extra spending on health care.

工黨已承諾將大幅提高企業所的稅和對那些年收入超過80000（含10400美元）的個人征收更高的所得稅。自由民主黨希望在每一個所得稅上增加一個百分點，以支付醫療保健的額外開支。

The Conservatives,by contrast,like to portray themselves as the party of low taxes.On the compaign trail Theresa May has talked of her low-tax "instinct".

相比之下，保守派喜歡把自己看作成低稅收的政黨。在競選活動中特蕾莎·梅談到她的低稅收“本能"傾向。

But she has left the door open to higher taxes,in contrast to her part's promise in 2015 not to increase income tax,VAT or national insurance contributions(a payroll tax which Philip Hammond,the chancellor of the exchequer,is keen to raise).

但她已經向更高的稅收敲開了大門，這與她所在的黨在2015提出不增加所得稅，增值稅或國民保險稅的承諾相反（財政大臣菲利普·哈蒙德急于提高工資稅）。

Regardless of the parties' manifestos,a look at Britain's accounts makes one thing clear: whoever wins on June 8th and whateever promises they make now,in the coming years the tax burden is likely to rise to its highest level in decades.

不管各黨派的宣言，看一看英國賬戶就清楚一件事：無論誰在6月8日贏得了，不管他們現在承諾什么，來年稅賦有可能上升到近幾十年的最高水平。

When the Conservatives came to power in coalition with the Lib Dems in 2010,the government was running a budget deficit worth 10% of GDP. As ministers went about reducing the deficit in the parliament of 2010-15,most of the adjustment was borne by cuts to public spending rather than by tax rises.

2010年保守黨在與自由民主黨聯合執政時，政府財政赤字高達國民生產總值的10%。當一些部長在議會著手減少在2010年-2015年財政赤字時，大多數的調整是由削減公共開支而不是增稅。

A number of dapartments,such as health,education and international development,have been largely spare the axe.But others,such as work-and pensions and transport,saw real terms cuts off more than a third in 2010-16

如醫療、教育、國際發展這些部門，基本都逃過一劫。但是其他部門，如勞務部及交通部，預算削減達到了2010-2016年間的三分之一。

Real spending on public services has fallen by 10% since 2009-10,the longest and biggest fall in spending on record.This brought fall in spending on record.This brought the budget deficit down to 4% of GDP in 2015-16

公共服務支出出自2009-2010年下降了10%，這是有記錄以來持續時間最長、規模最大的支出削減。這也是2015-2016年赤字減至國內生產總值的4%。