三種模式
? 內嵌模式：元數據保持在內嵌的derby模式，只允許一個會話連接
? 本地獨立模式：在本地安裝Mysql，吧元數據放到mySql內
? 遠程模式：元數據放置在遠程的Mysql數據庫
1、下載Hive安裝包
http://hive.apache.org/downloads.html
2、將hive文件上傳到HADOOP集群，并解壓
將文件上傳到：/export/software
tar -zxvf apache-hive-1.2.1-bin.tar.gz -C /export/servers/
cd /export/servers/
ln -s apache-hive-1.2.1-bin hive
3、配置環境變量，編輯/etc/profile
set hive env
export HIVE_HOME=/export/servers/hive
export PATH=${HIVE_HOME}/bin:$PATH
讓環境變量生效
source /etc/profile
4、修改hive配置文件
? 進入配置文件的目錄
cd /export/servers/hive/conf/
? 修改hive-env.sh文件
cp hive-env.sh.template hive-env.sh
將以下內容寫入到hive-env.sh文件中
export JAVA_HOME=/export/servers/jdk
export HADOOP_HOME=/export/servers/hadoop
export HIVE_HOME=/export/servers/hive
? 修改log4j文件
cp hive-log4j.properties.template hive-log4j.properties
將EventCounter修改成org.apache.hadoop.log.metrics.EventCounter
log4j.appender.EventCounter=org.apache.hadoop.hive.shims.HiveEventCounter
log4j.appender.EventCounter=org.apache.hadoop.log.metrics.EventCounter
? 配置遠程登錄模式
touch hive-site.xml
將以下信息寫入到hive-site.xml文件中
<configuration>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionURL</name>
<value>jdbc:mysql://hadoop02:3306/hivedb?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionDriverName</name>
<value>com.mysql.jdbc.Driver</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionUserName</name>
<value>root</value>
</property>
<property>
<name>javax.jdo.option.ConnectionPassword</name>
<value>root</value>
</property>
</configuration>
5、安裝mysql并配置hive數據庫及權限
? 安裝mysql數據庫及客戶端
yum install mysql-server
yum install mysql
service mysqld start
? 配置hive元數據庫
mysql -u root -p
create database hivedb;
? 對hive元數據庫進行賦權，開放遠程連接，開放localhost連接
grant all privileges on . to root@"%" identified by "root" with grant option;
grant all privileges on . to root@"localhost" identified by "root" with grant option;
(這里要注意版本,不同的版本命令格式會有所不同.)
grant all privileges on . to 'root'@'%' identified by '123456'with grant option;(這是5.6的)
之后在刷新權限;
flush privileges;
6、運行hive命令即可啟動hive
hive
異常1：如果報錯Terminal initialization failed; falling back to unsupported
將/export/servers/hive/lib 里面的jline2.12替換了hadoop 中/export/servers/hadoop/hadoop-2.6.1/share/hadoop/yarn/lib/jline-0.09*.jar
異常2：異常信息
Logging initialized using configuration in jar:file:/export/servers/apache-hive-2.0.0-bin/lib/hive-common-2.0.0.jar!/hive-log4j2.properties
Exception in thread "main" java.lang.RuntimeException: Hive metastore database is not initialized. Please use schematool (e.g. ./schematool -initSchema -dbType ...) to create the schema. If needed, don't forget to include the option to auto-create the underlying database in your JDBC connection string (e.g. ?createDatabaseIfNotExist=true for mysql)
處理方法：
執行初始化命令: schematool -dbType mysql -initSchema
異常3:
The specified datastore driver ("com.mysql.jdbc.Driver") was not found in the CLASSPATH.
解決：
復制mysql-connector-java-commercial-5.1.73-bin.jar文件到/home/grid/hive-0.8.1/lib目錄
