Android M是Google在15年中旬發(fā)布的新版本，相信開發(fā)者都不陌生了，Android 6.0其實(shí)就是多了個(gè)省電和安全（運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限）嘛
為什么現(xiàn)在還拿運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限出來老生常談一下呢，因?yàn)獒槍ndroid M的運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限處理其實(shí)是小眾需求，一般不關(guān)心手機(jī)內(nèi)置的應(yīng)用只要targetSDK在23以下就解決Android M運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限適配這個(gè)讓開發(fā)人員無比蛋疼的問題了
可是針對需要進(jìn)行Android M運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限適配的應(yīng)用來說你需要關(guān)心以下事情了
1.直入主題
- 這里就不寫一堆運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限的介紹和官方API了,想了解的可以看我同事的相關(guān)文章：傳送門
- 當(dāng)然市場上也有使用響應(yīng)式編程的解決框架：RxPermissions
所以本文針對的是不想用Rx編程，且想解決的更加簡單更加符合用戶完整體驗(yàn)的同學(xué)
在做運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限適配的時(shí)候你一定會遇到以下問題
- 1.現(xiàn)有代碼怎么辦？
- 2.怎么簡單解決？
- 2.怎么不影響代碼的可讀性？
- 3.沒有權(quán)限的時(shí)候怎么辦？/怎么容錯(cuò)，怎么不導(dǎo)致功能缺失
那先來看下我認(rèn)為的完整的運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限處理的流程圖
流程圖-Android M運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限
不是我故意復(fù)雜的，多一個(gè)無權(quán)限的引導(dǎo)是我認(rèn)為的用戶行為的閉環(huán)，一般我們就是提示一個(gè)SnackBar也不會干擾用戶，當(dāng)然你可以選擇不用這一部分流程
2.實(shí)現(xiàn)邏輯
最先考慮怎么基于現(xiàn)有代碼簡單的不影響可讀性的實(shí)現(xiàn)的時(shí)候，首先就想到了Action，如果你熟知RxAndroid響應(yīng)式編程的話你一定比較熟悉,但是我這里將Action做成了一個(gè)類似責(zé)任鏈的方式
Talk is cheap , Show me the code.
- ***IAction ***
public abstract class IAction {
private IAction mParent;
private IAction mChild;
public IAction() {
}
final public boolean run() {
if (mParent != null && mParent.run()) {
return true;
}
return call();
}
/**
* @return if return true interrupt
*/
abstract public boolean call();
public void onError() {
if (getChild() != null) {
getChild().onError();
}
}
public IAction setParent(IAction parent) {
this.mParent = parent;
if (parent != null) {
parent.setChild(this);
}
return this;
}
final public IAction getParent() {
return mParent;
}
final protected void setChild(IAction child) {
mChild = child;
}
final public IAction getChild() {
return mChild;
}
public IAction getLastChild() {
if (mChild == null) {
return this;
} else {
return mChild.getLastChild();
}
}
}
這樣設(shè)計(jì)的優(yōu)勢是便于封裝現(xiàn)有代碼，且單元性好能夠很好能夠任意組合（等會看到實(shí)現(xiàn)處你就會愛上它了）
- IPermissionAction
具體的運(yùn)行時(shí)權(quán)限的邏輯處理類
public abstract class IPermissionAction extends IAction implements InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult {
private final int mRequestCode;
private String mRequestPermission;
private Activity mActivity;
public boolean isNeedRequestPermission = true;
public IPermissionAction(Activity activity) {
mActivity = activity;
mRequestPermission = getRequestPermission();
if (TextUtils.isEmpty(mRequestPermission)) {
mRequestCode = 0;
} else {
mRequestCode = Math.abs(mRequestPermission.hashCode());
}
}
public abstract String getRequestPermission();
public void isNeedRequestPermission(boolean isNeedRequestPermission) {
this.isNeedRequestPermission = isNeedRequestPermission;
}
@Override
final public boolean call() {
if (mRequestCode == 0) {
return false;
}
if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT < 23) {
return false;
}
int permissionCheck = ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(mActivity, mRequestPermission);
if (permissionCheck == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
//版本小于23 或者 有權(quán)限時(shí)
return false;
} else if (permissionCheck == PackageManager.PERMISSION_DENIED) {
doRequestPermission();
onPermissionUnable();
return true;
}
return false;
}
@TargetApi(23)
final private void doRequestPermission() {
try {
if (isNeedRequestPermission) {
LLog.e(mRequestPermission + " requestPermissions : " + mRequestCode);
mActivity.requestPermissions(new String[]{mRequestPermission}, mRequestCode);
RunTimePermissionManager.getInstance().addOnActivityPermissionsResults(this);
}
} catch (Throwable e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
@Override
final public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
if (requestCode == mRequestCode) {
RunTimePermissionManager.getInstance().removeOnActivityPermissionsResults(this);
if (permissions != null && permissions.length > 0 && mRequestPermission.equals(permissions[0])) {
if (grantResults != null && grantResults.length > 0 && grantResults[0] == PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {
LLog.e(permissions[0] + " permission allowed");
getLastChild().run();
return;
}
}
if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(mActivity, mRequestPermission)) {
onPermissionDenied();
} else {
onPermissionAlwaysDenied();
}
}
}
protected void onPermissionAlwaysDenied() {
LLog.e(mRequestPermission + " onPermissionAlwaysDenied");
}
protected void onPermissionDenied() {
LLog.e(mRequestPermission + " onPermissionDenied");
}
protected void onPermissionUnable() {
LLog.e(mRequestPermission + " onPermissionUnable");
}
}
- RunTimePermissionManager
這個(gè)單例是為了接收和處理Activity的onRequestPermissionsResult的事件
public class RunTimePermissionManager {
private static RunTimePermissionManager mInstance;
private ArrayList<InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult> mPermissionsResults = new ArrayList<>();
private ArrayList<InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult> mRemovedPermissionsResults = new ArrayList<>();
private RunTimePermissionManager() {
}
public static RunTimePermissionManager getInstance() {
if (mInstance == null) {
mInstance = new RunTimePermissionManager();
}
return mInstance;
}
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
if (mPermissionsResults != null) {
LLog.e("onRequestPermissionsResult : " + requestCode);
for (int i = 0; i < mPermissionsResults.size(); i++) {
LLog.e("mPermissionsResults : " + i + " " + mPermissionsResults.get(i).toString());
InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult mPermissionsResult = mPermissionsResults.get(i);
if (mPermissionsResult != null) {
LLog.e("onRequestPermissionsResult goto: " + requestCode);
mPermissionsResult.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
}
if (mRemovedPermissionsResults != null && mRemovedPermissionsResults.size() > 0) {
if (mPermissionsResults.removeAll(mRemovedPermissionsResults)) {
mRemovedPermissionsResults.clear();
}
}
}
}
public void addOnActivityPermissionsResults(InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult innerOnRequestPermissionsResult) {
if (mPermissionsResults != null) {
mPermissionsResults.add(innerOnRequestPermissionsResult);
}
}
public void removeOnActivityPermissionsResults(InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult innerOnRequestPermissionsResult) {
if (mPermissionsResults != null && mRemovedPermissionsResults != null) {
mRemovedPermissionsResults.add(innerOnRequestPermissionsResult);
}
}
}
- InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult
將Activity的方法提取成接口
public interface InnerOnRequestPermissionsResult {
void onRequestPermissionsResult(int var1, String[] var2, int[] var3);
}
對！實(shí)現(xiàn)一共就4個(gè)類,下面是Demo
Activity的入口可以寫在BaseActivity里面，當(dāng)然不然你也可以在每一個(gè)需要的Activity里面加這行
public class BaseActivity extends Activity {
@Override
public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, String[] permissions, int[] grantResults) {
super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
RunTimePermissionManager.getInstance().onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);
}
}
- 具體代碼實(shí)現(xiàn)處
new IAction() {
@Override
public boolean call() {
//權(quán)限保護(hù)的代碼，原本邏輯代碼
return false;
}
}.setParent(new IPermissionAction(DemoActivity.this) {
@Override
public String getRequestPermission() {
//需要申請的權(quán)限
return Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE;
}
}).run();
當(dāng)一個(gè)復(fù)雜功能邏輯可能需要多個(gè)權(quán)限的時(shí)候，你只要寫多幾個(gè)IPermissionAction就可以了，之后你需要的權(quán)限交互方面，你只要在IPermissionAction的
onPermissionAlwaysDenied（）
onPermissionDenied（）
onPermissionUnable（）
方法中處理就好了。
