簡介本人是一個iOS開發菜鳥，之前很是懶惰，以后希望以此來激勵自己，每天對掌握的新知識點進行記錄，激勵自己也想分享一下！不怕錯，更不怕批！只為自己好好的學習留下點努力的痕跡！
NSAttributedString實際上就是一個字符串和一本字典。字典包含每一個字符的屬性：包括字體、大小、下劃線、顏色等等。關鍵是要知道字典中每個key的含義以及相應value的取值范圍。
<font color=#0099ff size=5 face="黑體">Character Attributes（重點）</font>
NSString *const NSFontAttributeName ; // 設置字體，UIFont對象，默認12-point Helvetica(Neue)
NSString *const NSParagraphStyleAttributeName ; // （重要）設置段落風格，NSParagraphStyle對象，默認是[NSParagraphStyle defaultParagraphStyle]，這里可以設置很多段落格式，首行縮進之類的
NSString *const NSForegroundColorAttributeName ; // 字體顏色，UIColor對象，默認黑色
NSString *const NSBackgroundColorAttributeName ; // 背景色，UIColor對象，默認透明
NSString *const NSLigatureAttributeName ; // <span style="color:#FF0000;">（********）不知道干嘛用</span>
NSString *const NSKernAttributeName ; // 字符間距，NSNumber 浮點數，默認為0
NSString *const NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName ; // 刪除線的線粗，NSNumber 整數，默認是NSUnderlineStyleNone（你真的沒看錯）
NSString *const NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName ; // 下劃線的線粗，NSNumber 整數，默認同上，還有別的樣式，例如雙下劃線
NSString *const NSStrokeColorAttributeName ; // 描邊顏色，UIColor對象，默認同字體顏色
NSString *const NSStrokeWidthAttributeName ; // 描邊，NSNumber 浮點數，正值表示鏤空描邊，負值標志填充描邊，值表示描邊線粗
NSString *const NSShadowAttributeName ; // 陰影，NSShadow對象，效果參照最后的圖片
NSString *const NSTextEffectAttributeName ; // 文本風格，NSSting對象，默認為nil，官方舉例NSTextEffectLetterpressStyle，其實也就只有這個風格。。。感覺有跟沒有差不多
NSString *const NSAttachmentAttributeName ; // <span style="color:#FF0000;">（********）文本附件屬性</span>， NSTextAttachment對象，其中包含有圖片，等我找到典型案例再回來重新介紹
NSString *const NSLinkAttributeName ; // 鏈接某個地址，NSURL(推薦)或NSString對象，默認為nil不指定任何鏈接。這里有詳細介紹，http://blog.csdn.net/reylen/article/details/18958995
NSString *const NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName ; // 基線偏移量，NSNumber 浮點數，可以上下微調字體的位置。（適合那些返回位置信息不正確的字體）
NSString *const NSUnderlineColorAttributeName ; // 下劃線顏色
NSString *const NSStrikethroughColorAttributeName ; // 刪除線顏色
NSString *const NSObliquenessAttributeName ; // 斜體，NSNumber 浮點數，默認0，數值表示傾斜度
NSString *const NSExpansionAttributeName ; // 水平拉伸，NSNumber 浮點數，默認0，水平拉伸字體，高度不變。
NSString *const NSWritingDirectionAttributeName ; // <span style="color:#FF0000;">（********）</span>書寫方向，NSArray NSNumber（而且只能是整數0，1，2，3），沒看到什么效果，找到案例再來更新
NSString *const NSVerticalGlyphFormAttributeName; // 水平或垂直顯示，NSNumber（只有0：水平和1：垂直），沒看到效果。。。
Text Writing Direction
用于"NSWritingDirectionAttributeName"
Text Writing Direction
用于"NSWritingDirectionAttributeName"
Text Effect Attribute
用于"NSTextEffectAttributeName"
Text Effect Attribute
用于"NSTextEffectAttributeName"
Underline and Strikethrough Style Attributes
用于"NSUnderlineStyleAttributeName"和"NSStrikethroughStyleAttributeName"
typedef enum : NSInteger {
NSUnderlineStyleNone = 0x00 ,
NSUnderlineStyleSingle = 0x01 ,
NSUnderlineStyleThick = 0x02 ,
NSUnderlineStyleDouble = 0x09 ,
NSUnderlinePatternSolid = 0x0000 ,
NSUnderlinePatternDot = 0x0100 ,
NSUnderlinePatternDash = 0x0200 ,
NSUnderlinePatternDashDot = 0x0300 ,
NSUnderlinePatternDashDotDot = 0x0400 ,
NSUnderlineByWord = 0x8000
} NSUnderlineStyle;
String Drawing Options
enum {
NSStringDrawingTruncatesLastVisibleLine = 1 << 5,
NSStringDrawingUsesLineFragmentOrigin = 1 << 0,
NSStringDrawingUsesFontLeading = 1 << 1,
NSStringDrawingUsesDeviceMetrics = 1 << 3,
};
typedef NSInteger NSStringDrawingOptions;
Document Types
NSString *NSPlainTextDocumentType;
NSString *NSRTFTextDocumentType;
NSString *NSRTFDTextDocumentType;
NSString *NSHTMLTextDocumentType;
Keys for Options and Document Attributes Dictionaries
NSString *const NSDocumentTypeDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSCharacterEncodingDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSDefaultAttributesDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSPaperSizeDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSPaperMarginDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSViewSizeDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSViewZoomDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSViewModeDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSReadOnlyDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSBackgroundColorDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSHyphenationFactorDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSDefaultTabIntervalDocumentAttribute ;
NSString *const NSTextLayoutSectionsAttribute;
Text Layout Sections Attribute
NSString *NSTextLayoutSectionOrientation;
NSString *NSTextLayoutSectionRange;
**NSString的屬性常量，貌似部分可以用在Character Attributes里面
**
UILineBreakMode已由NSLineBreakMode代替。Keys for Text Attributes Dictionaries已在ios 7中被拋棄。剩下以下三類常量可以使用。
NSTextAlignment：
enum {
NSTextAlignmentLeft = 0,
NSTextAlignmentCenter = 1,
NSTextAlignmentRight = 2,
NSTextAlignmentJustified = 3, // 兩端對齊
NSTextAlignmentNatural = 4,
};
typedef NSInteger NSTextAlignment;
UIBaselineAdjustment：
用于"NSBaselineOffsetAttributeName"字符屬性
typedef enum {
UIBaselineAdjustmentAlignBaselines , // 根據文字的baseLine調整
UIBaselineAdjustmentAlignCenters , // 根據框的水平中心線調整
UIBaselineAdjustmentNone , // 以左上角為基準，默認對齊方式
} UIBaselineAdjustment;
NSWritingDirection：
enum {
NSWritingDirectionNatural = -1, // Use the Unicode Bidi algorithm rules P2 and P3 to determine which direction to use.
NSWritingDirectionLeftToRight = 0, // 從左到右
NSWritingDirectionRightToLeft = 1 // 從右到左
};
UITextViewDelegate調用流程：
1.點擊TextView內部，出現光標前。
- (BOOL)textViewShouldBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView;
如果返回NO，則不會進入編輯，不會出現光標，也不會調用textViewDidBeginEditing:方法。
當選定點選字符串中其他位置，還是會調用didChangeSelection方法
2.出現光標后
- (void)textViewDidBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView;
3.移動光標或選定某些字符串
- (void)textViewDidChangeSelection:(UITextView *)textView;
4.添加、刪除一個字符
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldChangeTextInRange:(NSRange)range replacementText:(NSString *)text;
- (void)textViewDidChangeSelection:(UITextView *)textView;
- (void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView;
如果第1個方法返回NO，不會調用下面兩個方法。
5.不知道怎么結束編輯。。。先留著。（***）
附類定義
UITextView
NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(2_0) @interface UITextView : UIScrollView <UITextInput>
@property(nonatomic,assign) id<UITextViewDelegate> delegate; // 代理
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSString *text;
@property(nonatomic,retain) UIFont *font;
@property(nonatomic,retain) UIColor *textColor;
@property(nonatomic) NSTextAlignment textAlignment; // default is NSLeftTextAlignment
@property(nonatomic) NSRange selectedRange;
@property(nonatomic,getter=isEditable) BOOL editable;
@property(nonatomic,getter=isSelectable) BOOL selectable NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0); // toggle selectability, which controls the ability of the user to select content and interact with URLs & attachments
@property(nonatomic) UIDataDetectorTypes dataDetectorTypes NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(3_0);
@property(nonatomic) BOOL allowsEditingTextAttributes NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0); // defaults to NO
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSAttributedString *attributedText NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0); // default is nil
@property(nonatomic,copy) NSDictionary *typingAttributes NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0); // automatically resets when the selection changes
- (void)scrollRangeToVisible:(NSRange)range;
// Presented when object becomes first responder. If set to nil, reverts to following responder chain. If
// set while first responder, will not take effect until reloadInputViews is called.
@property (readwrite, retain) UIView *inputView;
@property (readwrite, retain) UIView *inputAccessoryView;
@property(nonatomic) BOOL clearsOnInsertion NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0); // defaults to NO. if YES, the selection UI is hidden, and inserting text will replace the contents of the field. changing the selection will automatically set this to NO.
// Create a new text view with the specified text container (can be nil) - this is the new designated initializer for this class
- (instancetype)initWithFrame:(CGRect)frame textContainer:(NSTextContainer *)textContainer NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
// Get the text container for the text view
@property(nonatomic,readonly) NSTextContainer *textContainer NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
// Inset the text container's layout area within the text view's content area
@property(nonatomic, assign) UIEdgeInsets textContainerInset NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
// Convenience accessors (access through the text container)
@property(nonatomic,readonly) NSLayoutManager *layoutManager NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
@property(nonatomic,readonly,retain) NSTextStorage *textStorage NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
// Style for links
@property(nonatomic, copy) NSDictionary *linkTextAttributes NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
@end
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const UITextViewTextDidBeginEditingNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const UITextViewTextDidChangeNotification;
UIKIT_EXTERN NSString * const UITextViewTextDidEndEditingNotification;
NSAttributedString
@interface NSAttributedString : NSObject <NSCopying, NSMutableCopying, NSSecureCoding>
@property (readonly, copy) NSString *string;
- (NSDictionary *)attributesAtIndex:(NSUInteger)location effectiveRange:(NSRangePointer)range;
@end
@interface NSAttributedString (NSExtendedAttributedString)
@property (readonly) NSUInteger length;
- (id)attribute:(NSString *)attrName atIndex:(NSUInteger)location effectiveRange:(NSRangePointer)range;
- (NSAttributedString *)attributedSubstringFromRange:(NSRange)range;
- (NSDictionary *)attributesAtIndex:(NSUInteger)location longestEffectiveRange:(NSRangePointer)range inRange:(NSRange)rangeLimit;
- (id)attribute:(NSString *)attrName atIndex:(NSUInteger)location longestEffectiveRange:(NSRangePointer)range inRange:(NSRange)rangeLimit;
- (BOOL)isEqualToAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)other;
- (instancetype)initWithString:(NSString *)str;
- (instancetype)initWithString:(NSString *)str attributes:(NSDictionary *)attrs;
- (instancetype)initWithAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrStr;
typedef NS_OPTIONS(NSUInteger, NSAttributedStringEnumerationOptions) {
NSAttributedStringEnumerationReverse = (1UL << 1),
NSAttributedStringEnumerationLongestEffectiveRangeNotRequired = (1UL << 20)
};
- (void)enumerateAttributesInRange:(NSRange)enumerationRange options:(NSAttributedStringEnumerationOptions)opts usingBlock:(void (^)(NSDictionary *attrs, NSRange range, BOOL *stop))block NS_AVAILABLE(10_6, 4_0);
- (void)enumerateAttribute:(NSString *)attrName inRange:(NSRange)enumerationRange options:(NSAttributedStringEnumerationOptions)opts usingBlock:(void (^)(id value, NSRange range, BOOL *stop))block NS_AVAILABLE(10_6, 4_0);
@end
NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE(10_0, 3_2)
@interface NSMutableAttributedString : NSAttributedString
- (void)replaceCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range withString:(NSString *)str;
- (void)setAttributes:(NSDictionary *)attrs range:(NSRange)range;
@end
@interface NSMutableAttributedString (NSExtendedMutableAttributedString)
@property (readonly, retain) NSMutableString *mutableString;
- (void)addAttribute:(NSString *)name value:(id)value range:(NSRange)range;
- (void)addAttributes:(NSDictionary *)attrs range:(NSRange)range;
- (void)removeAttribute:(NSString *)name range:(NSRange)range;
- (void)replaceCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range withAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrString;
- (void)insertAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrString atIndex:(NSUInteger)loc;
- (void)appendAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrString;
- (void)deleteCharactersInRange:(NSRange)range;
- (void)setAttributedString:(NSAttributedString *)attrString;
- (void)beginEditing;
- (void)endEditing;
@end
代理協議UITextViewDelegate
@protocol UITextViewDelegate <NSObject, UIScrollViewDelegate>
@optional
- (BOOL)textViewShouldBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView;
- (BOOL)textViewShouldEndEditing:(UITextView *)textView;
- (void)textViewDidBeginEditing:(UITextView *)textView;
- (void)textViewDidEndEditing:(UITextView *)textView;
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldChangeTextInRange:(NSRange)range replacementText:(NSString *)text;
- (void)textViewDidChange:(UITextView *)textView;
- (void)textViewDidChangeSelection:(UITextView *)textView;
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldInteractWithURL:(NSURL *)URL inRange:(NSRange)characterRange NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
- (BOOL)textView:(UITextView *)textView shouldInteractWithTextAttachment:(NSTextAttachment *)textAttachment inRange:(NSRange)characterRange NS_AVAILABLE_IOS(7_0);
@end
NSShadow
NS_CLASS_AVAILABLE_IOS(6_0) @interface NSShadow : NSObject <NSCopying, NSCoding>
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGSize shadowOffset; // 影子與字符串的偏移量
@property (nonatomic, assign) CGFloat shadowBlurRadius; // 影子的模糊程度
@property (nonatomic, retain) id shadowColor; // 影子的顏色
@end
shadow屬性的效果
NSShadow *shadow = [[NSShadow alloc]init];
shadow.shadowOffset = CGSizeMake(5, 5); // 影子偏移量
shadow.shadowColor = [UIColor blueColor]; // 影子顏色
shadow.shadowBlurRadius = 20.0; // 模糊程度
NSDictionary *dict = @{
NSFontAttributeName:[UIFont fontWithName:@"Marion-Italic" size:50.0],
NSShadowAttributeName:shadow,
NSKernAttributeName:@(2)
};
textView.attributedText = [[NSAttributedString alloc]initWithString:@"中文究竟是\nEnglishReally" attributes:dict];
