首先，數據是有維度的。每個語言的基礎教程里都會有基本數據類型的介紹，這些數據類型按照維度分：零維數據類型，一維數據類型，多維數據類型。以perl為例，標量就是零維數據，數組就是一維數據類型，哈希就是多維數據類型。

Data visualization or data visualisation is viewed by many disciplines as a modern equivalent of visual communication. It involves the creation and study of the visual representation of data, meaning "information that has been abstracted in some schematic form, including attributes or variables for the units of information".