《SpringBoot集成Security權限管理》

簡介

SpringBoot集成Security框架,實現用戶角色功能權限管理,很簡單的,確實這要得益于SpringBoot簡化配置的優點。

這節我們要實現通過數據庫表管理用戶角色權限,dao層使用MyBatis,如果對MyBatis比較陌生,建議先去了解一下,或者去看我的這篇文章《SpringBoot集成MyBatis》

準備數據表

我們還是采用經典的角色權限5張表:
1、用戶表(sys_user):id、username、password
2、角色表(sys_role):id、name
3、權限表(sys_permission):id、name、descript、url、pid
4、用戶角色表(sys_user_role):id、uid、rid
5、角色權限表(sys_role_permission):id、rid、pid

插入數據:
sys_user表

image.png

sys_role表
image.png

sys_permission表
image.png

sys_user_role表
image.png

sys_role_permission表
image.png

集成Security

  • 1.引入maven依賴
    我們會用到視圖層解析,這里用Thymeleaf去解析。
        <!--Security權限管理-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId>
            <artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4</artifactId>
        </dependency>
        <!--thymeleaf-->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId>
        </dependency>
  • 2.配置.properties文件
    你也可以將 security.basic.enabled=true 打開,會有基礎登錄彈窗彈出。這里我們暫時不需要,所以將它關閉,之后我們自己實現登錄界面。
#Security
security.basic.enabled=false
security.user.name=admin
security.user.password=123456

#thymeleaf start
spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
spring.thymeleaf.prefix=classpath:/templates/
spring.thymeleaf.check-template-location=true
spring.thymeleaf.template-resolver-order=1
spring.thymeleaf.suffix=.html
spring.thymeleaf.encoding=UTF-8
spring.thymeleaf.content-type=text/html
spring.thymeleaf.mode=HTML5
  • 3.創建權限管理相關類

以下創建的幾個類包括:

CustomUserServiceImpl類
實現了UserDetailsService接口,這個接口很簡單就一個方法
UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String var1)
會返回一個用戶基本信息和該用戶擁有的權限功能 (by username),作為后續權限認證的依據,也是和Dao層通信的主要接口。

MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService類
實現了FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource接口,類似Holder主要實現加載緩存權限功能路徑和名稱,以及提供從請求路徑查找權限名稱,供后續權限決策管理器去判定使用。

MyAccessDecisionManager類
實現了AccessDecisionManager接口,主要判定用戶是否擁有權限的決策方法,有權限放行,無權限拒絕訪問。

MyFilterSecurityInterceptor類
繼承AbstractSecurityInterceptor抽象類,權限管理Security真正的攔截器,并綁定了MyAccessDecisionManager(處理權限認證)和MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService(提供請求路徑和權限名稱元數據)

WebSecurityConfig類
繼承WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter抽象類,主要是最后配置Security,配置之前定義的攔截器、提供用戶基本權限信息、以及一些訪問控制。


代碼示例:
CustomUserServiceImpl

import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.dao.SysPermissionMapper;
import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.dao.SysUserMapper;
import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.model.SysPermission;
import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.model.SysUser;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.authority.SimpleGrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.User;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetails;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UsernameNotFoundException;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;


@Service
public class CustomUserServiceImpl implements UserDetailsService { //自定義UserDetailsService 接口

    @Autowired
    SysUserMapper userDao;
    @Autowired
    SysPermissionMapper permissionDao;

    //返回 user和user擁有的權限功能 by username
    public UserDetails loadUserByUsername(String username) {
        SysUser user = userDao.findByUserName(username);
        if (user != null) {
            List<SysPermission> permissions = permissionDao.findByAdminUserId(user.getId());
            List<GrantedAuthority> grantedAuthorities = new ArrayList <>();
            for (SysPermission permission : permissions) {
                if (permission != null && permission.getName()!=null) {

                    GrantedAuthority grantedAuthority = new SimpleGrantedAuthority(permission.getName());
                    //1:此處將權限信息添加到 GrantedAuthority 對象中,在后面進行權限驗證時會使用GrantedAuthority 對象。
                    grantedAuthorities.add(grantedAuthority);
                }
            }
            return new User(user.getUsername(), user.getPassword(), grantedAuthorities);
        } else {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("admin: " + username + " do not exist!");
        }
    }

}

MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService

import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.dao.SysPermissionMapper;
import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.model.SysPermission;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityConfig;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.web.util.matcher.AntPathRequestMatcher;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import java.util.*;


@Service
public class MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSourceService  implements
        FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource {

    @Autowired
    private SysPermissionMapper permissionDao;

    //緩存
    private HashMap<String, Collection<ConfigAttribute>> map =null;

    /**
     * 加載權限表中所有權限
     */
    public void loadResourceDefine(){
        map = new HashMap<>();
        Collection<ConfigAttribute> array;
        ConfigAttribute cfg;
        List<SysPermission> permissions = permissionDao.findAll();
        for(SysPermission permission : permissions) {
            array = new ArrayList<>();
            cfg = new SecurityConfig(permission.getName());
            //此處只添加了用戶的名字,其實還可以添加更多權限的信息,例如請求方法到ConfigAttribute的集合中去。此處添加的信息將會作為MyAccessDecisionManager類的decide的第三個參數。
            array.add(cfg);
            //用權限的getUrl() 作為map的key,用ConfigAttribute的集合作為 value,
            map.put(permission.getUrl(), array);
        }

    }

    //此方法是為了判定用戶請求的url 是否在權限表中,如果在權限表中,則返回給 decide 方法,用來判定用戶是否有此權限。如果不在權限表中則放行。
    @Override
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAttributes(Object object) throws IllegalArgumentException {
        if(map ==null) loadResourceDefine();
        //object 中包含用戶請求的request 信息
        HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) object).getHttpRequest();
        AntPathRequestMatcher matcher;
        String resUrl;
        for(Iterator<String> iter = map.keySet().iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
            resUrl = iter.next();
            matcher = new AntPathRequestMatcher(resUrl);
            if(matcher.matches(request)) {
                return map.get(resUrl);
            }
        }
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public Collection<ConfigAttribute> getAllConfigAttributes() {
        return null;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return true;
    }
}

MyAccessDecisionManager

import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDecisionManager;
import org.springframework.security.access.AccessDeniedException;
import org.springframework.security.access.ConfigAttribute;
import org.springframework.security.authentication.InsufficientAuthenticationException;
import org.springframework.security.core.Authentication;
import org.springframework.security.core.GrantedAuthority;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.Collection;
import java.util.Iterator;


@Service
public class MyAccessDecisionManager implements AccessDecisionManager {

    // decide 方法是判定是否擁有權限的決策方法,
    //authentication 是釋CustomUserService中循環添加到 GrantedAuthority 對象中的權限信息集合.
    //object 包含客戶端發起的請求的requset信息,可轉換為 HttpServletRequest request = ((FilterInvocation) object).getHttpRequest();
    //configAttributes 為MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的getAttributes(Object object)這個方法返回的結果,此方法是為了判定用戶請求的url 是否在權限表中,如果在權限表中,則返回給 decide 方法,用來判定用戶是否有此權限。如果不在權限表中則放行。
    @Override
    public void decide(Authentication authentication, Object object, Collection<ConfigAttribute> configAttributes) throws AccessDeniedException, InsufficientAuthenticationException {

        if(null== configAttributes || configAttributes.size() <=0) {
            return;
        }
        ConfigAttribute c;
        String needRole;
        for(Iterator<ConfigAttribute> iter = configAttributes.iterator(); iter.hasNext(); ) {
            c = iter.next();
            needRole = c.getAttribute();
            for(GrantedAuthority ga : authentication.getAuthorities()) {//authentication 為在注釋1 中循環添加到 GrantedAuthority 對象中的權限信息集合
                if(needRole.trim().equals(ga.getAuthority())) {
                    return;
                }
            }
        }
        throw new AccessDeniedException("no right");
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(ConfigAttribute attribute) {
        return true;
    }

    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> clazz) {
        return true;
    }
}

MyFilterSecurityInterceptor

import javax.servlet.Filter;
import javax.servlet.FilterChain;
import javax.servlet.FilterConfig;
import javax.servlet.ServletException;
import javax.servlet.ServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.ServletResponse;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.security.access.SecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.AbstractSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.security.access.intercept.InterceptorStatusToken;
import org.springframework.security.web.FilterInvocation;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.io.IOException;


@Service
public class MyFilterSecurityInterceptor extends AbstractSecurityInterceptor implements Filter {


    @Autowired
    private FilterInvocationSecurityMetadataSource securityMetadataSource;

    @Autowired
    public void setMyAccessDecisionManager(MyAccessDecisionManager myAccessDecisionManager) {
        super.setAccessDecisionManager(myAccessDecisionManager);
    }


    @Override
    public void init(FilterConfig filterConfig) throws ServletException {

    }

    @Override
    public void doFilter(ServletRequest request, ServletResponse response, FilterChain chain) throws IOException, ServletException {

        FilterInvocation fi = new FilterInvocation(request, response, chain);
        invoke(fi);
    }


    public void invoke(FilterInvocation fi) throws IOException, ServletException {
        //fi里面有一個被攔截的url
        //里面調用MyInvocationSecurityMetadataSource的getAttributes(Object object)這個方法獲取fi對應的所有權限
        //再調用MyAccessDecisionManager的decide方法來校驗用戶的權限是否足夠
        InterceptorStatusToken token = super.beforeInvocation(fi);
        try {
            //執行下一個攔截器
            fi.getChain().doFilter(fi.getRequest(), fi.getResponse());
        } finally {
            super.afterInvocation(token, null);
        }
    }

    @Override
    public void destroy() {

    }

    @Override
    public Class<?> getSecureObjectClass() {
        return FilterInvocation.class;
    }

    @Override
    public SecurityMetadataSource obtainSecurityMetadataSource() {
        return this.securityMetadataSource;
    }
}

WebSecurityConfig

import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.service.impl.CustomUserServiceImpl;
import com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.service.impl.MyFilterSecurityInterceptor;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.authentication.builders.AuthenticationManagerBuilder;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.HttpSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.builders.WebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.EnableWebSecurity;
import org.springframework.security.config.annotation.web.configuration.WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter;
import org.springframework.security.core.userdetails.UserDetailsService;
import org.springframework.security.web.access.intercept.FilterSecurityInterceptor;


@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class WebSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Autowired
    private MyFilterSecurityInterceptor myFilterSecurityInterceptor;



    @Bean
    UserDetailsService customUserService(){ //注冊UserDetailsService 的bean
        return new CustomUserServiceImpl();
    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.userDetailsService(customUserService()); //user Details Service驗證

    }

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers(new String[]{"/plugins/**"}).permitAll()//
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login")
                .failureUrl("/login?error")
                .permitAll() //登錄頁面用戶任意訪問
                .and()
                .logout().permitAll()
                .and()
                .headers()
                .frameOptions().sameOrigin(); ; //注銷行為任意訪問
        http.addFilterBefore(myFilterSecurityInterceptor, FilterSecurityInterceptor.class);
    }

    @Override
    public void configure(WebSecurity web) throws Exception {
        //解決靜態資源被攔截的問題(plugins目錄在工程resources/static/下)
        web.ignoring().antMatchers("/plugins/**","/login.html");
    }
}

  • 4.創建MyBatis方式,相關實體類、Dao、Service以及Controller
    實體類以及部分Dao我就不貼出來了,查看最前面的數據庫表字段就可以。或者使用MyBatis自動代碼生成器生成,快捷方便,如果還沒掌握它怎么使用,請看我的一篇文章《MyBatis代碼自動生成器》

SysUserMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.dao.SysUserMapper">

  <select id="findByUserName" parameterType="String" resultType="com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.model.SysUser">
    SELECT * FROM sys_user WHERE username=#{username};
  </select>

</mapper>

SysPermissionMapper.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE mapper PUBLIC "-//mybatis.org//DTD Mapper 3.0//EN" "http://mybatis.org/dtd/mybatis-3-mapper.dtd">
<mapper namespace="com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.dao.SysPermissionMapper">

  <select id="findAll"  resultType="com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.model.SysPermission">
    SELECT * from sys_permission;
  </select>

  <select id="findByAdminUserId" parameterType="int" resultType="com.yu.scloud.baseframe.frame.model.SysPermission">
    select p.*
    from sys_user u
    LEFT JOIN sys_user_role sur on u.id= sur.uid
    LEFT JOIN sys_role r on sur.rid=r.id
    LEFT JOIN sys_role_permission srp on srp.rid=r.id
    LEFT JOIN sys_permission p on p.id =srp.pid
    where u.id=#{userId}
  </select>

</mapper>

HomeController.java

import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.ui.Model;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;


@Controller
public class HomeController {

    @RequestMapping("/")
    public String index(Model model){
        model.addAttribute("msg", "Hi~歡迎");
        return "home";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/login")
    public  String login(){
        return "login";
    }
    @RequestMapping("/admin")
    @ResponseBody
    public String hello(){
        return "hello admin";
    }
}
  • 5.創建視圖資源

創建login.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
<head>
    <meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
    <title>登錄頁面</title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="plugins/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"/>
    <style type="text/css">
        body {
            padding-top: 50px;
        }
        .starter-template {
            padding: 40px 15px;
            text-align: center;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>

<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Security演示</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li><a th:href="@{/}"> 首頁 </a></li>

            </ul>
        </div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
    </div>
</nav>
<div class="container">

    <div class="starter-template">
        <!--/*@thymesVar id="logout" type=""*/-->
        <p th:if="${param.logout}" class="bg-warning">已成功注銷</p><!-- 1 -->
        <p th:if="${param.error}" class="bg-danger">有錯誤,請重試</p> <!-- 2 -->
        <h2>使用賬號密碼登錄</h2>
        <form name="form" th:action="@{/login}" action="/login" method="POST"> <!-- 3 -->
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>賬號</label>
                <input type="text" class="form-control" name="username" value="" placeholder="賬號" />
            </div>
            <div class="form-group">
                <label>密碼</label>
                <input type="password" class="form-control" name="password" placeholder="密碼" />
            </div>
            <input type="submit" id="login" value="Login" class="btn btn-primary" />
        </form>
    </div>

</div>

</body>
</html>

創建home.html

<!DOCTYPE html>
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"
      xmlns:sec="http://www.thymeleaf.org/thymeleaf-extras-springsecurity4">
<head>
    <meta content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/>
    <title sec:authentication="name"></title>
    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" th:href="@{plugins/bootstrap/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css}" />
    <style type="text/css">
        body {
            padding-top: 50px;
        }
        .starter-template {
            padding: 40px 15px;
            text-align: center;
        }
    </style>
</head>
<body>
<nav class="navbar navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
    <div class="container">
        <div class="navbar-header">
            <a class="navbar-brand" href="#">Spring Security演示</a>
        </div>
        <div id="navbar" class="collapse navbar-collapse">
            <ul class="nav navbar-nav">
                <li><a th:href="@{/}"> 首頁 </a></li>
                <li><a th:href="@{/admin}"> admin </a></li>
            </ul>
        </div><!--/.nav-collapse -->
    </div>
</nav>


<div class="container">

    <div class="starter-template">
        <h1 th:text="${msg}"></h1>

        <div sec:authorize="hasRole('ROLE_HOME')"> <!-- 用戶類型為ROLE_ADMIN 顯示 -->
            <p class="bg-info" th:text="${msg}">你好</p>
        </div>
        <div sec:authorize="hasRole('ROLE_ADMIN')"> <!-- 用戶類型為ROLE_ADMIN 顯示 -->
            <p class="bg-info">恭喜您,您有 ROLE_ADMIN 權限 </p>
        </div>

        <form th:action="@{/logout}" method="post">
            <input type="submit" class="btn btn-primary" value="注銷"/>
        </form>
    </div>

</div>

</body>
</html>

OK!Security集成完畢,啟動服務,訪問一下吧。

image.png

輸入用戶名:admin 密碼:admin 成功登錄到home界面:


image.png

點擊admin按鈕則順利跳轉到admin頁面。

假如注銷后登錄其它用戶 :用戶名:yu 密碼:123,則點擊admin按鈕提示權限不足無法進入admin頁面,說明集成Security權限管理成功。

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