[亞馬遜、臉書在印度遇到意料之外的障礙：中國(華爾街日?qǐng)?bào)原文鏈接-版權(quán)歸原雜志和作者所有-好像只有手機(jī)能看)](http://Amazon and Facebook Hit Unexpected Obstacle in India: China - The Wall Street Journal https://apple.news/AVCzOHlm2RIajm5aP7urZiQ)
原文翻譯如下
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While American tech companies look to boost local subsidiaries, Chinese firms pour money into startups.
翻譯：美國科技公司期望發(fā)展當(dāng)?shù)刈庸镜耐瑫r(shí)，中國公司向新創(chuàng)企業(yè)投入了大量資金。
As the U.S.'s top tech brands ramp up operations in India, they are running into unexpected resistance: Their Chinese equivalents are stepping in to bolster their Indian competitors with billions of dollars in investments and expertise.
翻譯：當(dāng)美國的頂尖科技品牌擴(kuò)大印度市場業(yè)務(wù)時(shí)，他們遇到了不曾想到的阻礙：他們的中國競爭對(duì)手正在投入大量資金和技術(shù)來支持印度本土公司。
In recent years, Amazon.com Inc. , Facebook Inc. , Uber Technologies Inc. and others have announced ambitious plans and rapid rollouts in India, calling it one of the last great untapped internet economies.
翻譯：近年來，亞馬遜、臉書、Uber科技和其他公司宣布了他們雄心勃勃的印度市場計(jì)劃，他們把印度稱為最后一片未被開發(fā)的互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)市場。
The U.S firms plan to use their massive war chests to dominate India's market of more than 1.2 billion people, most of whom are just now connecting to the internet. The companies have been able to use their capital to capture significant market share, but local startups have put up a good fight, going toe to toe with the U.S. giants thanks to help from China.
翻譯：這些公司試圖用高額的專款基金投入來占領(lǐng)這個(gè)超過十二億人口的印度市場。這十二億人口中的大部分人現(xiàn)在才剛連接上互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。這些公司可以利用資本占據(jù)大量市場份額，但是由于來自中國的幫助，印度本土新創(chuàng)企業(yè)準(zhǔn)備與美國這些科技巨頭一爭高下。
More U.S. tech firms are pouring money into their Indian subsidiaries, expanding their cutting-edge offerings directly into the market as it begins to mature, and largely without the regulatory challenges found in China. Amazon is investing $5 billion in its operations in India, while Uber is putting more than $1 billion into the country. India is Facebook's second-biggest market in terms of users after the U.S., and more people use its WhatsApp messaging platform in the country than anywhere else.
翻譯：很多美國科技公司向印度分公司注入大量資本，直接擴(kuò)大他們先進(jìn)產(chǎn)品的市場。印度市場已經(jīng)開始成熟，而且不像中國那樣存在規(guī)則制度的挑戰(zhàn)。亞馬遜對(duì)他印度業(yè)務(wù)投入50億美元，Uber在印度投入超過10億美元。就用戶數(shù)量而已，印度是臉書第二大的市場，僅次于美國；這個(gè)國家使用WhatsApp信息平臺(tái)的人口數(shù)量超過任何其他國家。
But joining the battle for India's internet newcomers are China's tech titans—including Alibaba Group Holding Ltd. (e-commerce), Tencent Holdings Ltd. (social networking) and Didi Chuxing Technology Co. (ride-hailing)—all of which are providing muscle to their Indian counterparts.
翻譯：但是新加入這場印度新興互聯(lián)網(wǎng)市場爭奪戰(zhàn)的是中國的科技巨頭：阿里巴巴、騰訊和滴滴出行，他們正在為印度對(duì)應(yīng)的公司提供幫助與力量。
Alibaba this month led a $200 million round of fundraising into a new e-commerce arm of Indian mobile-payments and online-shopping startup Paytm. That followed its 2015 investment, with its financial-services affiliate Zhejiang Ant Small & Micro Financial Services Group, of more than $500 million for a 40% stake in One97 Communications, Paytm's parent company.
翻譯：阿里巴巴這個(gè)月向一個(gè)叫做Paytm的印度新創(chuàng)公司投入2億美元。Paytm是一家做移動(dòng)支付和網(wǎng)上購物的電子商務(wù)新公司。在此之前，阿里巴巴的子公司螞蟻金服曾在2015年向Paytm的母公司投入5億資金以獲得40%的股份。
“India is an important emerging market with great potential,” said an Alibaba spokesman.
翻譯：“印度是一個(gè)重要的新興市場，有巨大的潛力”，阿里巴巴的發(fā)言人說道。
Chinese interest in Indian startups has shot up just as U.S. investment has waned. In 2015 and 2016, Chinese tech firms invested a total of $3.2 billion in Indian startups, more than twice the $1.4 billion invested in Indian startups by U.S. companies during those years, according to AVCJ Research in Hong Kong.
翻譯：在美國投資減少的同時(shí)，中國對(duì)印度新創(chuàng)公司的興趣突然增加。據(jù)香港的AVCJ報(bào)導(dǎo)，在2015和2016年，中國科技公司共投資了32億美元給印度新創(chuàng)公司，比美國公司這些年向印度新創(chuàng)公司投入的14億美元的兩倍還要多。
Indian startups—sometimes clones of the American trailblazers—thrived for years as Western companies showed little interest in emerging markets. When U.S. companies turned their attention and money to the Asian subcontinent, they made rapid gains and may have expected to easily outspend and outlast their tiny local rivals, said Neha Dharia, a Bangalore, India, analyst with London technology research firm Ovum.
翻譯：當(dāng)西方公司對(duì)新興市場沒有任何興趣的時(shí)候，印度的新創(chuàng)公司-有時(shí)是美國創(chuàng)新公司的克隆版-發(fā)展了很多年。當(dāng)美國公司把注意力和錢投入到亞洲次大陸的時(shí)候，他們迅速有所收獲，也許還期望能夠輕而易舉地超過他們本地的小競爭對(duì)手，Neha Dharia說道。Neha是一名分析師，印度班加羅爾人，就職于倫敦的科技研究所Ovum。
But Indian startups have fought back with strong local brands and Chinese backing. U.S. firms likely “didn’t expect the local guys to give them such a run for their business,” she said.
翻譯：但是印度新創(chuàng)公司靠著自己強(qiáng)有力的本土符號(hào)和中國的支持進(jìn)行反擊。美國公司好像“并不期望這個(gè)本地公司給他們做生意的機(jī)會(huì)”，她說道。
An Amazon spokeswoman declined to comment on how Chinese investments have changed the playing field in India, but said the company has made rapid strides in the country and is “committed to long-term investment” in e-commerce infrastructure and technology in India.
翻譯：亞馬遜發(fā)言人拒絕對(duì)中國投資如何改變了印度市場的玩法做出評(píng)論，但是說到公司已經(jīng)取得了快速的進(jìn)展，而且在印度電商基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施和科技上，他們“致力于長期投資”。
Uber and WhatsApp declined to comment. Facebook didn’t respond to requests for comment.
翻譯：Uber和WhatsApp拒絕評(píng)論。臉熟沒有理會(huì)要求評(píng)論的請(qǐng)求。
Chinese firms may have an edge in India because its budding internet economy is familiar territory. With tens of millions of new users connecting to the internet for the first time via low-cost smartphones and affordable data plans, India’s startup environment today compares with China’s a decade ago, some analysts say—when rapid adoption of the web and strict government controls on foreign firms allowed Chinese web companies to flourish.
翻譯：中國公司可能在印度有優(yōu)勢，因?yàn)閸湫碌幕ヂ?lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)是它熟悉的領(lǐng)域。通過低成本的智能手機(jī)和可以負(fù)擔(dān)的數(shù)據(jù)計(jì)劃，數(shù)以億計(jì)的新用戶第一次連接到互聯(lián)網(wǎng)。今天印度新創(chuàng)公司的環(huán)境像十年前的中國，一些分析師說，當(dāng)時(shí)互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的快速接入和政府對(duì)外資公司的嚴(yán)格控制使得中國網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司繁榮發(fā)展。
Many Chinese firms have launched their own brands directly in India but most have failed to take off. The English-speaking populace that dominates India’s internet is more familiar with American and local names. As a plan B, the Chinese leaders are now buying into Indian startups eager for money as they try to survive the competition from U.S. giants.
翻譯：許多中國公司直接在印度創(chuàng)建了自己的品牌，但是更多的人失敗了。統(tǒng)治互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的民眾說的是英語，他們更熟悉美國和本土的名字。退而求其次，中國領(lǐng)導(dǎo)現(xiàn)在正在買渴望資金的印度新創(chuàng)公司，通過這種方式來試圖和美國科技公司競爭。
Chinese ride-hailing app Didi, which proved it could beat a global leader last year when it forced Uber to give up on China, has had a stake in ANI Technologies Pvt. Ltd.—the company behind India’s largest Uber competitor, Ola—since 2015.
Last year, Tencent, which is behind China’s wildly popular WeChat social-networking app, led a $175 million fundraising round in New Delhi-based messaging app Hike Ltd., which competes with WhatsApp.
翻譯：自從2015年來，去年逼迫Uber放棄中國市場、證明自己能夠打敗世界巨頭的中國打車app 滴滴，已經(jīng)在ANI科技公司占有一定股份。這個(gè)公司是Uber在印度最大競爭對(duì)手的支持者。去年，騰訊，中國最受歡迎的微信社交程序的母公司，為Hike app籌款1.75億美元。Hike是WhatsApp的競爭對(duì)手。
The Chinese companies are offering more than cash. They are giving Indian companies expertise in how to tailor services to a vast, diverse and less affluent populace.
翻譯：中國公司提供的不僅是資金。他們向印度公司提供專業(yè)技術(shù)，教他們?nèi)绾蜗蛉丝诒姸唷⒈尘案鳟惽也惶辉５拿癖娞峁┓?wù)。
Alibaba frequently hosts Paytm employees at its offices and sends staff to India to encourage the exchange of ideas, said Madhur Deora, Paytm’s chief financial officer.
翻譯：Paytm的首席財(cái)政官M(fèi)adhur Deora說，阿里巴巴經(jīng)常邀請(qǐng)Paytm的員工去參觀，也派遣員工來交流想法。
“It’s really the scale and the scope” of operating in a billion-person economy that Alibaba is able to help with, he said.
翻譯：在阿里巴巴的幫助下進(jìn)入10多億人的經(jīng)濟(jì)市場，“這真的是有關(guān)規(guī)模和范圍”的業(yè)務(wù)，他說道。
Alibaba’s senior managers have provided input as Paytm has grown, offering insight on the right way to engineer Paytm’s app, for instance, based on ways mobile usage exploded in China.
翻譯：阿里巴巴高級(jí)經(jīng)理在Paytm成長過程中提供過幫助。例如，根據(jù)中國手機(jī)用戶爆增的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，在開發(fā)Paytm app的時(shí)候，提供了正確的方向。
China’s Uber rival, Didi, is helping Ola untangle the problems that come from the scale of serving a billion-person economy while juggling hundreds of thousands of drivers. The “enormous and complex” ride-sharing demands require “creative solutions,” said a Didi spokeswoman.
翻譯： 中國的Uber競爭對(duì)手，滴滴，幫助Ola解決了一些問題。比如司機(jī)少，顧客多的問題。這個(gè)“數(shù)量大且復(fù)雜”的打車市場要求“有創(chuàng)造性的解決方案”，滴滴的發(fā)言人說。
Indian messaging app Hike, which says it has more than 100 million users, has been getting advice from Tencent on how to better serve the Indian market. One feature tailored to India allows users to share music and video files between their phones without using the web or data.
翻譯：據(jù)稱有1億用戶的印度信息app Hike，在如何更好服務(wù)印度市場上得到了騰訊的建議。其中一個(gè)專為印度用戶定制的服務(wù)是允許他們不同手機(jī)直接分享音樂和視頻文件而不使用網(wǎng)絡(luò)或者流量。
Tencent executives are helping roll out many new services so it can become, like WeChat, a one-stop platform for not just sending messages, but also for consuming news and more, said Kavin Bharti Mittal, Hike’s founder.
翻譯：騰訊執(zhí)行官正在幫助他們推出新服務(wù)，這樣它就能夠像微信那樣成為一站式平臺(tái)。不僅是發(fā)信息，還能看新聞甚至更多，Hike的創(chuàng)建者Kavin Bharti Mittal說道。
“These guys have built what we’re trying to build,” he said. “India’s economy and population has many more similarities to China than the U.S.”
翻譯：“這些人已經(jīng)創(chuàng)建好了我們正試圖創(chuàng)建的東西”，他說道。“印度經(jīng)濟(jì)和人口規(guī)模跟中國的相似處多于跟美國的”。
版權(quán)聲明：文章版權(quán)歸原雜志和作者所有。翻譯僅為英語學(xué)習(xí)之用。謝絕任何轉(zhuǎn)載及用于任何商業(yè)用途。
讀后感
- 所以印度真的是十年之前的中國嗎？如果是真的，那它真的會(huì)經(jīng)歷飛速的增長，起碼在互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)上是這樣。
- 科技在縮小區(qū)域發(fā)展不平衡上是有一定作用的。印度比中美落后，但是這個(gè)國家一進(jìn)入互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)，就已經(jīng)是互聯(lián)網(wǎng)經(jīng)濟(jì)比較成熟的階段了，直接跳過了前期的探索時(shí)期。他們可以用較短時(shí)間完成中美通過較長時(shí)間才到達(dá)的規(guī)模和成功，所以在這一方面應(yīng)該會(huì)比中美發(fā)展更快。
- 然而我們大多數(shù)普通老百姓還是對(duì)印度印象不太好，覺得它落后、不安全。很好奇十年前的西方人是不是也是這么看我們。
