原文出處：j_hao104
1、單繼承時super()和init()實現的功能是類似的
class Base(object):
def __init__(self):
print 'Base create'
class childA(Base):
def __init__(self):
print 'creat A ',
Base.__init__(self)
class childB(Base):
def __init__(self):
print 'creat B ',
super(childB, self).__init__()
base = Base()
a = childA()
b = childB()
輸出結果：
```Python`
Base create
creat A Base create
creat B Base create
使用super()繼承時不用顯式引用基類。
###2、super()只能用于新式類中
- - - - ---
把基類改為舊式類，即不繼承任何基類
```python
class Base():
def __init__(self):
print 'Base create'
執行時，在初始化b時就會報錯：
super(childB, self).__init__()
TypeError: must be type, not classobj
3、super不是父類，而是繼承順序的下一個類
在多重繼承時會涉及繼承順序，super（）相當于返回繼承順序的下一個類，而不是父類，類似于這樣的功能：
def super(class_name, self):
mro = self.__class__.mro()
return mro[mro.index(class_name) + 1]
mro()用來獲得類的繼承順序。
例如：
class Base(object):
def __init__(self):
print 'Base create'
class childA(Base):
def __init__(self):
print 'enter A '
# Base.__init__(self)
super(childA, self).__init__()
print 'leave A'
class childB(Base):
def __init__(self):
print 'enter B '
# Base.__init__(self)
super(childB, self).__init__()
print 'leave B'
class childC(childA, childB):
pass
c = childC()
print c.__class__.__mro__
輸入結果如下：
enter A
enter B
Base create
leave B
leave A
(<class '__main__.childC'>, <class '__main__.childA'>, <class '__main__.childB'>, <class '__main__.Base'>, <type 'object'>)
supder和父類沒有關聯，因此執行順序是A —> B—>—>Base
執行過程相當于：初始化childC()時，先會去調用childA的構造方法中的 super(childA, self).__init__()， super(childA, self)返回當前類的繼承順序中childA后的一個類childB；然后再執行childB().__init()__,這樣順序執行下去。
在多重繼承里，如果把childA()中的 super(childA, self).__init__()換成Base.__init__(self)，在執行時，繼承childA后就會直接跳到Base類里，而略過了childB：
enter A
Base create
leave A
(<class '__main__.childC'>, <class '__main__.childA'>, <class '__main__.childB'>, <class '__main__.Base'>, <type 'object'>)
從super()方法可以看出，super（）的第一個參數可以是繼承鏈中任意一個類的名字，
如果是本身就會依次繼承下一個類；
如果是繼承鏈里之前的類便會無限遞歸下去；
如果是繼承鏈里之后的類便會忽略繼承鏈匯總本身和傳入類之間的類；
比如將childA()中的super改為：super(childC, self).__init__()，程序就會無限遞歸下去。
如：
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
File "C:/Users/Administrator/Desktop/crawler/learn.py", line 10, in __init__
super(childC, self).__init__()
RuntimeError: maximum recursion depth exceeded while calling a Python object
4、super()可以避免重復調用
如果childA基礎Base, childB繼承childA和Base，如果childB需要調用Base的__init__()方法時，就會導致__init__()被執行兩次：
class Base(object):
def __init__(self):
print 'Base create'
class childA(Base):
def __init__(self):
print 'enter A '
Base.__init__(self)
print 'leave A'
class childB(childA, Base):
def __init__(self):
childA.__init__(self)
Base.__init__(self)
b = childB()
Base的init()方法被執行了兩次
enter A
Base create
leave A
Base create
使用super()是可避免重復調用
class Base(object):
def __init__(self):
print 'Base create'
class childA(Base):
def __init__(self):
print 'enter A '
super(childA, self).__init__()
print 'leave A'
class childB(childA, Base):
def __init__(self):
super(childB, self).__init__()
b = childB()
print b.__class__.mro()
enter A
Base create
leave A
[<class '__main__.childB'>, <class '__main__.childA'>, <class '__main__.
