?讀后感：

第二遍讀完這本書后，對壟斷、10X好、避免競爭、復(fù)利效應(yīng)、指數(shù)增長、奇點(diǎn)，這幾個(gè)詞語印象深刻。

所有失敗的企業(yè)都十分相似——沒有逃離競爭，所有成功的企業(yè)都各有各的壟斷優(yōu)勢。作者在書中說，這本書是關(guān)于你在創(chuàng)新過程中必須提出并且回答的問題。書中關(guān)于創(chuàng)業(yè)和VC寫的非常棒，幾乎覺得每一句都應(yīng)該摘抄下來。

創(chuàng)業(yè)者需要回答的7個(gè)問題

1.The Engineering Question Can you create breakthroughtechnology instead of incremental improvements?

2. The Timing Question Is now the right time to start yourparticular business?

3. The MonopolyQuestion Are you starting with a big share of a small market?

4. The People Question Do you have the right team?

5. The Distribution Question Do you have a way to not justcreate but deliver your product?

6. The Durability Question Will your market position bedefensible 10 and 20 years into the future?

7. The Secret Question Have you identified a uniqueopportunity that others don’t see?

我現(xiàn)在不創(chuàng)業(yè)，不了解作者書中所寫與當(dāng)前真實(shí)創(chuàng)業(yè)環(huán)境的差距大小。我雖然沒有一個(gè)企業(yè)可以經(jīng)營，但是我有自己。所以就談?wù)勥@本書對于我經(jīng)營自己的啟發(fā)吧。

a definite person determines the one best thing to do andthen does it. Instead of working tirelessly to make herself indistinguishable,she strives to be great at something substantive—to be a monopoly of one.

要知道自己想要什么，然后在該領(lǐng)域培養(yǎng)自己的專長，然后擴(kuò)大到臨近的領(lǐng)域。生活不是爬天梯，而是攀巖。做一個(gè)10X好的自己，活在自己的世界里，避免競爭。人的精力有限，專注在自己擅長的事情，不要讓經(jīng)歷過于分散。

關(guān)于做一個(gè)10X好的自己：

所謂10X好，就是個(gè)比喻，而不是比較。開始畫畫以后，就逐漸不會比較了。基本上驕傲和自卑的感覺差不多沒了。如果還給別人類似印象，應(yīng)該也是自己嘴笨了。反正在死之前能當(dāng)畫家就夠了，按照我這個(gè)練習(xí)時(shí)間，得好好活著，努力長壽。

壞運(yùn)氣是存在的，但是可以通過努力制造好運(yùn)氣。反正我是覺得，過自己選擇的生活的時(shí)候，很多好的事情都會向我靠近。關(guān)于壞運(yùn)氣，無法避免。但是努力做事情可以提高能力，等到壞事發(fā)生的時(shí)候，也能有能力對抗壞運(yùn)氣帶來的沖擊。【國內(nèi)李笑來對這點(diǎn)，比較有想法，分析的比我好太多】。所以努力做事情，可以給自己帶來復(fù)利效應(yīng)，還能幫自己對抗壞運(yùn)氣的沖擊。Bargain！

這本書和《人類簡史》都以奇點(diǎn)結(jié)尾，感覺這個(gè)有點(diǎn)意思。

?問題：

The Chinese public, too, knows that winter is coming.Outsiders are fascinated by the great fortunes being made inside China, butthey pay less attention to the wealthy Chinese trying hard to get their moneyout of the country. Poorer Chinese just save everything they can and hope itwill be enough. Every class of people in China takes the future deadlyseriously.【中國經(jīng)濟(jì)寒冬真的要來了嗎？】

?與其他書聯(lián)系：

a whole generation learned from childhood to overrate thepower of chance and underrate the importance of planning.【我也讀過outlier，讀的時(shí)候覺得Malcolm Gladwell分析有道理。現(xiàn)在看了彼得·蒂爾0-1，覺得他說分析的角度更有道理。感覺經(jīng)常聽誰說話都覺得特對，特有理。不知道是性格問題，還是判斷能力問題。】

?段子：

關(guān)于金融調(diào)侃：

Finance epitomizes

indefinite thinking because it’s the

only way to make money when you have no idea how to create wealth.【0-1】

Financial services

companies use technical insights to create new securities and trading platforms

(and get seriously rich, until the bubble bursts or the indictments hit).【how google works】

VC rules：

Two strange rules for

VCs: first, only invest in companies that have the potential to return the

value of the entire fund. This leads to rule number two: because rule number

one is so restrictive, there can’t be

any other rules.【搞笑】

People who sell

advertising are called “account executives.” People who sell customers work in

“business development.” People who sell companies are “investment bankers.” And

people who sell themselves are called “politicians.” There’s a reason for these

redescriptions: none of us wants to be reminded when we’re

being sold.【超級棒的說法】

?讀書筆記

The single word for horizontal progress is globalization.The single word for vertical, 0-1 is technology.【very brilliant idea for me.】

My own answer to the contrarian question is that most peoplethink the future of the world will be defined by globalization, but the truthis that technology matters more.

It’s hard to develop new things in big organizations, and it’seven harder to do it by yourself.【小而美的公司最合適，創(chuàng)新】

從零到一這本書的寫作目的：Thisbook is about the questions you must ask and answer to succeed in the businessof doing new things

Because that is what a startup has to do: question receivedideas and rethink business from scratch.

The first step to thinking clearly is to question what wethink we know about the past.

The lesson for entrepreneurs is clear: if you want to createand capture lasting value, don’t build an undifferentiated commodity business.[not just start a business, but also liveyour life. Unique person is attractive.]

Non-monopolistsexaggerate their distinction by defining their market as the intersection ofvarious smaller markets:Monopolists, by contrast, disguise their monopoly byframing their market as the union of several large markets:

Monopoliesdrive progress because the promise of years or even decades of monopoly profitsprovides a powerful incentive to innovate. Then monopolies can keep innovatingbecause profits enable them to make the long-term plans and to finance theambitious research projects that firms locked in competition can’t dream of.

in business,equilibrium means stasis, and stasis means death.

All happycompanies are different: each one earns a monopoly by solving a unique problem.All failed companies are the same: they failed to escape competition.

true heroes

take their personal honor so seriously they will fight for things that don’t

matter. This twisted logic is part of human nature, but it’s disastrous in

business. If you can recognize competition as a destructive force instead of a

sign of value, you’re already more sane than most.【this is the inspiring idea for me in this book, sometimes we focus on

competition too much. We focus on others behaviors instead of the really

important thing of your own.】

But a greatbusiness is defined by its ability to generate cash flows in the future.

Every monopoly is unique, but they usually share somecombination of the following characteristics: proprietary technology, networkeffects, economies of scale, and branding.【Cash is king.】

Characteristics ofmonopoly

Every monopoly is unique, but they usually share somecombination of the following characteristics: proprietary technology, networkeffects, economies of scale, and branding.

·proprietary technology :As a good rule of thumb,proprietary technology must be at least10

times betterthan its closest substitute in some important dimension tolead to a real monopolistic advantage. The clearest way to make a 10ximprovement is to invent something completely new. once you’re 10x better, youescape competition.

·network effects: Network effects make a productmore useful as more people use it. network effects businesses must start withespecially small markets.

Building monopoly

·Start Small and Monopolize

Small doesn’t mean nonexistent. The perfect target marketfor a startup is a small group of particular people concentrated together andserved by few or no competitors.

·Scaling up

The most successful companies make the core progression—tofirst dominate a specific niche and then scale to adjacent markets—a part oftheir founding narrative.

·Don't disruption

avoid competition as much as possible.

感悟1：我沒有一個(gè)企業(yè)可以經(jīng)營，但是我有自己，可以經(jīng)營我自己。我要有自己的專長，擁有自己的生活圈子，塑造自己獨(dú)一無二的人格。在自己的愛好小圈子里面做自己喜歡的事情，在其中培養(yǎng)自己的一技之長，然后擴(kuò)大到臨近的領(lǐng)域。生活不是爬天梯，而是攀巖。

感悟2：我要熱情的擁抱各種流動的信息。不能把自己局限在工作領(lǐng)域。作者涉及面很廣，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)功底也很深厚，各種調(diào)侃的例子信手拈來。

No one pretended that misfortune didn’t exist, but prior

generations believed in making their own luck by working hard.【李笑來比較喜歡說好運(yùn)氣壞運(yùn)氣和驚喜的事情，感覺他的一些文章的觀點(diǎn)都是從我看過的一些經(jīng)典的書中來的，但是他能夠結(jié)合自己的情況再論述一遍。我覺得他應(yīng)該是我現(xiàn)在知道看書后，寫讀后感最好的人了。他真的把自己讀的書吸收成自己的，并且用知識變現(xiàn)了。壞運(yùn)氣沒法避免，但是可以用強(qiáng)技能去中和。而好運(yùn)卻會伴隨努力而來。所以，努力，即使沒有帶來好運(yùn)，也可以在壞運(yùn)氣來臨是不至于受損傷太大。】

a definite person determines the one best thing to do and

then does it. Instead of working tirelessly to make herself indistinguishable,

she strives to be great at something substantive—to be a monopoly of one.【超級棒！精力有限，要讓自己有特色。做好本職工作，業(yè)余時(shí)間畫畫，美麗（身材，堅(jiān)持運(yùn)動）。所以我就是工作、畫畫、鍛煉、讀書，其實(shí)還是有點(diǎn)多，但是我喜歡這些。】

having invested the principal of a lifetime’s brilliance,Einstein continues to earn interest on it from beyond the grave by receivingcredit for things he never said.【愛因斯坦的復(fù)利效應(yīng)，任何事情都有復(fù)利效應(yīng)。我就通過讀書來累計(jì)自己的復(fù)利效應(yīng)吧】

VC：

Venture capitalists aim to identify, fund, and profit frompromising early-stage companies. They raise money from institutions and wealthypeople, pool it into a fund, and invest in technology companies that theybelieve will become more valuable. If they turn out to be right, they take acut of the returns—usually 20%. A venture fund makes money when the companiesin its portfolio become more valuable and either go public or get bought bylarger companies. Venture funds usually have a 10-year lifespan since it takestime for successful companies to grow and “exit.”

The biggest secret inventure capital is that the best investment in a successful fund equals oroutperforms the entire rest of the fund combined.

Two strange rules for VCs: first, only invest in companiesthat have the potential to return the value of the entire fund. This leads torule number two: because rule number one is so restrictive, there can’t be anyother rules.【搞笑】

life is not a portfolio: not for a startup founder, and notfor any individual. An entrepreneur cannot “diversify” herself: you cannot rundozens of companies at the same time and then hope that one of them works outwell. Less obvious but just as important, an individual cannot diversify hisown life by keeping dozens of equally possible careers in ready reserve.

You should focus relentlessly on something you’re good atdoing, but before that you must think hard about whether it will be valuable inthe future.【專注于自己擅長的，并且又未來價(jià)值的東西】

But in a power law world, you can’t afford not to think hardabout where your actions will fall on the curve.【第七章非常好，值得讀很多遍】

A company does better the less it pays the CEO—that’s one ofthe single clearest patterns I’ve noticed from investing in hundreds ofstartups.

From the outside, everyone in your company should bedifferent in the same way.On the inside, every individual should be sharplydistinguished by her work.

Like acting, sales works best when hidden.

Complex Sale CEO去，personal sales：

technology is the one way for us to escape competition in aglobalizing

Indefinite fears about the far future shouldn’t stop us frommaking definite plans today.

創(chuàng)業(yè)者需要回答的7個(gè)問題

1.The Engineering Question Can you create breakthrough technology insteadof incremental improvements?

2. The Timing Question Is now the right time to start your particularbusiness?

3. The Monopoly Question Are youstarting with a big share of a small market?

4. The People Question Do you have the right team?

5. The Distribution Question Do you have a way to not just create butdeliver your product?

6. The Durability Question Will your market position be defensible 10 and20 years into the future?

7.The Secret Question Have you identified a unique opportunity that others don’tsee?

Whether we achieve the Singularity on a cosmic scale isperhaps less important than whether we seize the unique opportunities we haveto do new things in our own working lives. Everything important to us—theuniverse, the planet, the country, your company, your life, and this verymoment—is singular.

新知道的事情：

Jack Dorsey Twitter&square

Elton Musk Tesla

Nietzsche尼采

financial metric財(cái)務(wù)指標(biāo)

yuppy住在大城市，對生活品味要求較高的年輕人

Andreessen網(wǎng)景

Sean Parker或譯肖恩·帕克，傳奇人物，是四家知名網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司的創(chuàng)始人，這四家公司分別是Napster、Plaxo、Causes以及Facebook。