k8s無腦系列-安裝k8s 1.16.4
1. 準備環境
- 主機列表
VirtualBox，雙網卡。這樣可以實現內外網。（有坑！見后面）
- 網卡1(enps03):host-only 設置一個網絡，假設叫vbox1，主機全用它
- 網卡2(enps08) :nat
| 主機名 | IP/外網 | 配置 | 主機名 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Master | 192.168.56.4/10.0.3.15 | 2CPU，1G | master.smokelee.com |
| node1 | 192.168.56.5/10.0.3.15 | 1CPU，1G | node1.smokelee.com |
| node2 | 192.168.56.6/10.0.3.15 | 1CPU，1G | node2.smokelee.com |
-
調整/etc/hosts(全部主機)
192.168.56.4 master.smokelee.com 192.168.56.5 node1.smokelee.com 192.168.56.6 node2.smokelee.com -
關閉Swap分區(全部主機)
臨時關閉
swapoff -a永久關閉
vim /etc/fstab 找到swap，用# 注釋 -
調整內核參數/etc/sysctl.conf(全部主機)
net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-iptables = 1 net.bridge.bridge-nf-call-ip6tables = 1 關閉selinux、firewalld
-
調整倉庫(全部主機)
# 調整CentOS7倉庫 yum install wget -y mv /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo.bak wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/CentOS-Base.repo http://mirrors.aliyun.com/repo/Centos-7.repo # 調整Kubernetes倉庫 vim /etc/yum.repos.d/kubernetes.repo [kubernetes] name=Kubernetes baseurl=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/repos/kubernetes-el7-x86_64/ enabled=1 gpgcheck=1 repo_gpgcheck=1 gpgkey=https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/yum-key.gpg https://mirrors.aliyun.com/kubernetes/yum/doc/rpm-package-key.gpg #vim保存 # 刷新倉庫 yum clean all yum makecache -
主機上如果曾經安裝過老版本，一定要卸載。無腦系列早期用的1.5.2版本
yum remove kubernetes-master kubernetes-node etcd flannel
2. 部署Master
-
安裝基礎組件
yum install kubelet-1.16.4 kubeadm-1.16.4 kubectl-1.16.4如果發生了沖突就刪掉1.5.2或者更老的版本。看過去其它k8s無腦系列的有可能會安裝上1.5.2系統默認的版本
-
下載鏡像
編輯download_img.sh（來自www.kubernetes.org.cn的loong576)
# 倉庫地址用的也是loong576在阿里的鏡像，本人懶^_^ url=registry.cn-hangzhou.aliyuncs.com/loong576 version=v1.16.4 images=(`kubeadm config images list --kubernetes-version=$version|awk -F '/' '{print $2}'`) for imagename in ${images[@]} ; do docker pull $url/$imagename docker tag $url/$imagename k8s.gcr.io/$imagename docker rmi -f $url/$imagename donechmod +x download_img.sh && ./download_img.sh -
運行后檢查
docker images REPOSITORY TAG IMAGE ID CREATED SIZE k8s.gcr.io/kube-apiserver v1.16.4 3722a80984a0 2 months ago 217 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-apiserver v1.16.4 3722a80984a0 2 months ago 217 MB k8s.gcr.io/kube-controller-manager v1.16.4 fb4cca6b4e4c 2 months ago 163 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-controller-manager v1.16.4 fb4cca6b4e4c 2 months ago 163 MB k8s.gcr.io/kube-scheduler v1.16.4 2984964036c8 2 months ago 87.3 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-scheduler v1.16.4 2984964036c8 2 months ago 87.3 MB k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy v1.16.4 091df896d78f 2 months ago 86.1 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy v1.16.4 091df896d78f 2 months ago 86.1 MB k8s.gcr.io/etcd 3.3.15-0 b2756210eeab 5 months ago 247 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/etcd 3.3.15-0 b2756210eeab 5 months ago 247 MB k8s.gcr.io/coredns 1.6.2 bf261d157914 6 months ago 44.1 MB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/coredns 1.6.2 bf261d157914 6 months ago 44.1 MB k8s.gcr.io/pause 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 2 years ago 742 kB registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause 3.1 da86e6ba6ca1 2 years ago 742 kB大家注意：download_img.sh，會自動調整鏡像的tag。這樣后期安裝過程就不會再出現跑到google去下載鏡像的情況！節點的鏡像請自行導入到節點，尤其是Proxy和pause
docker save k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1 > pause.tar docker save k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.4 > proxy.tar在節點上運行
docker load < pause.tar docker load < proxy.tar
-
部署Pod
kubeadm init --apiserver-advertise-address=192.168.56.4 --image-repository registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers --kubernetes-version v1.16.4 --service-cidr=10.254.0.0/16 --pod-network-cidr=10.244.0.0/16參數說明：
- --apiserver-advertise-address Master的內網地址，務必要自行設置
- --image-repository 設置鏡像
- --kubernetes-version 設置集群版本
- --service-cidr 所有service資源分配的地址段
- --pod-network-cidr 所有pod資源分配的地址段
出現如下內容，最后一行（kubeadm開頭的命令）在Node1，Node2上執行，即可加入集群
To start using your cluster, you need to run the following as a regular user: mkdir -p $HOME/.kube sudo cp -i /etc/kubernetes/admin.conf $HOME/.kube/config sudo chown $(id -u):$(id -g) $HOME/.kube/config You should now deploy a pod network to the cluster. Run "kubectl apply -f [podnetwork].yaml" with one of the options listed at: https://kubernetes.io/docs/concepts/cluster-administration/addons/ Then you can join any number of worker nodes by running the following on each as root: kubeadm join 192.168.56.4:6443 --token l6q448.jrqk9pj1ipi8fgn9 \ --discovery-token-ca-cert-hash sha256:78a10e6e6bca9c0090d9e9b2002b01d135b2a5c70f8240a7954e0d58f8d0052f -
Master主機不Ready
調用kubectl get node
Master顯示NotReady安裝flannel
kubectl apply -f https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/2140ac876ef134e0ed5af15c65e414cf26827915/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
Node Join后，出現鏡像下載不了，運行不成功，多半是因為，下載的aliyun鏡像的原因。通過打tag，來讓Docker認識
```bash
docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/pause:3.1 k8s.gcr.io/pause:3.1
docker tag registry.aliyuncs.com/google_containers/kube-proxy:v1.16.4 k8s.gcr.io/kube-proxy:v1.16.4
注意：仔細執行了2.3后面的腳本，理論上不會出現上面的問題
3. 節點部署
-
安裝
$yum install kubelet-1.16.4 kubeadm-1.16.4 docker 導入鏡像包(請參考2.3的docker load那兩行）
加入集群(請參考2.4代碼部分，kubeadm 開頭的代碼）
4. 問題解決
-
集群主機不通
更詳細的請訪問《k8s無腦-分析flannel跨Node不通的分析，解決辦法》
下面只講解本次部署遇到的問題
隨便挑一個flannel的Pod實例，查看輸出
$docker ps -a（任一節點執行都可以） 找到flannel所在容器 $docker logs 9895357d488d(flannel所在容器) I0226 17:21:01.510702 1 main.go:514] Determining IP address of default interface I0226 17:21:01.513557 1 main.go:527] Using interface with name enp0s8 and address 10.0.3.15 I0226 17:21:01.513576 1 main.go:544] Defaulting external address to interface address (10.0.3.15) I0226 17:21:01.612040 1 kube.go:126] Waiting 10m0s for node controller to sync$ip route show 10.0.3.0/24 dev enp0s8 proto kernel scope link src 10.0.3.15 metric 101
10.244.0.0/24 via 10.244.0.0 dev flannel.1 onlink
10.244.1.0/24 dev cni0 proto kernel scope link src 10.244.1.1
10.244.2.0/24 via 10.244.2.0 dev flannel.1 onlink
10.254.49.0/24 dev docker0 proto kernel scope link src 10.254.49.1
192.168.56.0/24 dev enp0s3 proto kernel scope link src 192.168.56.5 metric 100
發現Flannel竟然自己Determining用了路由的默認出口（外網出口，內網出口enps03）,自作聰明！！！！
修改：flannel線上配置
```bash
#把配置文件下載到本地
$wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/coreos/flannel/2140ac876ef134e0ed5af15c65e414cf26827915/Documentation/kube-flannel.yml
# 調用線上編輯功能
$kubectl edit -f kube-flannel.yml # 線上編輯資源配置
找到
image: quay.io/coreos/flannel:v0.11.0-amd64
再往下的args:段，添加
- --iface=enp0s3
保存后，系統會自動更新所有Pod。更新完畢即可訪問
docker log xxxxx
I0226 18:57:32.812177 1 main.go:527] Using interface with name enp0s3 and address 192.168.56.6
I0226 18:57:32.812263 1 main.go:544] Defaulting external address to interface address (192.168.56.6)
I0226 18:57:32.910184 1 kube.go:126] Waiting 10m0s for node controller to sync
I0226 18:57:32.910230 1 kube.go:309] Starting kube subnet manager
I0226 18:57:33.911346 1 kube.go:133] Node controller sync successful
