在開發(fā)一些應(yīng)用中，我們?nèi)绻枰猧Phone設(shè)備中的通訊錄信息。或者，需要開發(fā)通訊錄相關(guān)的一些功能。那么就需要了解一下iOS中關(guān)于通訊錄編程的相關(guān)知識(shí)。
一、AddressBook.framework-通訊錄框架
關(guān)于通訊錄的相關(guān)操作，被集成在AddressBook.framework框架中。所以，我們?cè)谑褂猛ㄓ嶄浵嚓P(guān)功能的時(shí)候，需要在項(xiàng)目中引入AddressBook.framework框架。并且在需要使用的地方，加入框架頭文件：
#import
二、通訊錄操作相關(guān)知識(shí)
先貼一貼：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
// 獲得用戶通訊錄數(shù)據(jù)的一個(gè)引用
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
if (addressBook != nil){
NSLog(@"Successfully accessed the address book.");
// 查看通訊錄狀態(tài)：YES：通訊錄改變，但還沒有保存；NO；通訊錄不需要保存
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(addressBook)){
BOOL doYouWantToSaveChanges = YES;
if (doYouWantToSaveChanges){
CFErrorRef saveError = NULL;
// 保存通訊錄
if (ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, &saveError)){
// 保存成功
} else {
// 保存失敗，查看CFErrorRef 來(lái)了解錯(cuò)誤原因
}
} else {
// 放棄保存
ABAddressBookRevert(addressBook);
}
}else{
NSLog(@"No changes to the address book.");
}
CFRelease(addressBook);// 釋放通訊錄引用對(duì)象
} else {
NSLog(@"Could not access the address book.");
}
}
解釋：有很多的類和知識(shí)點(diǎn)，需要mark一下。
1.獲取通訊錄的應(yīng)用：
ABAddressBookRef?addressBook =?ABAddressBookCreate();
在使用完成后，需要釋放：
CFRelease(addressBook);
因?yàn)椋篈BAddressBookCreate 函數(shù)返回的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)實(shí)例,在使用完后必須將它釋放掉,可以使用 CFRelease Core Foundation 方法。
2.保存修改和放棄修改：
ABAddressBookSave(addressBook, &saveError)//?保存
ABAddressBookRevert(addressBook);//?放棄保存
三、獲得通訊錄的所有聯(lián)系人數(shù)據(jù)
直接貼：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 獲得用戶通訊錄數(shù)據(jù)的一個(gè)引用
if (addressBook != nil){
NSLog(@"Successfully accessed the address book.");
// 返回通訊錄中所有的數(shù)據(jù)
NSArray *arrayOfAllPeople = ( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(addressBook);
// 循環(huán)所有聯(lián)系人數(shù)據(jù)
for (NSUInteger peopleCounter = 0; peopleCounter < [arrayOfAllPeople count]; peopleCounter++){
ABRecordRef thisPerson = (ABRecordRef)[arrayOfAllPeople objectAtIndex:peopleCounter];
NSLog(@"%@", thisPerson);
NSString *firstName = (NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(thisPerson, kABPersonFirstNameProperty);
NSString *lastName = (NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(thisPerson, kABPersonLastNameProperty);
NSLog(@"First Name = %@", firstName);
NSLog(@"Last Name = %@", lastName);
[self logPersonEmails:thisPerson];
}
CFRelease(addressBook);// 釋放通訊錄引用對(duì)象
}
}
// 郵箱的數(shù)據(jù)
- (void) logPersonEmails:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson{
if (paramPerson == NULL){
NSLog(@"The given person is NULL.");
return;
}
// 獲得電子郵件數(shù)據(jù)，電子郵件是個(gè)多值屬性，所以需要循環(huán)遍歷
ABMultiValueRef emails =ABRecordCopyValue(paramPerson, kABPersonEmailProperty);
if (emails == NULL){
NSLog(@"This contact does not have any emails.");
return;
}
for (NSUInteger emailCounter = 0;emailCounter < ABMultiValueGetCount(emails);emailCounter++){
// 郵件類別
NSString *emailLabel = [(NSString *) ABMultiValueCopyLabelAtIndex(emails, emailCounter) autorelease];
NSString *localizedEmailLabel = [(NSString *) ABAddressBookCopyLocalizedLabel((CFStringRef)emailLabel) autorelease];
// 郵件值
NSString *emailValue=[(NSString *)ABMultiValueCopyValueAtIndex(emails, emailCounter) autorelease];
NSString *email = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"Label = %@, Localized Label = %@,Email = %@",emailLabel,localizedEmailLabel,emailValue];
NSLog(@"%@",email);
}
CFRelease(emails);
}
解釋：
1.在通訊錄中，有單值和多值的區(qū)分
單值：在某一項(xiàng)中，只有一個(gè)值，比如：kABPersonFirstNameProperty和kABPersonLastNameProperty等
多值：kABPersonEmailProperty等
這樣的話，我們遍歷的時(shí)候，必須要區(qū)別對(duì)待了。
2.數(shù)據(jù)的釋放
獲得相關(guān)信息的方法為：XXXCopyXXX方法，所以，我們必須要手動(dòng)釋放數(shù)據(jù)，或者使用autorelease。
四、向通訊錄中添加聯(lián)系人-ABPersonCreate
貼代碼：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 獲得用戶通訊錄數(shù)據(jù)的一個(gè)引用
if (addressBook != NULL){
ABRecordRef anthonyRobbins = [self newPersonWithFirstName:@"TT"
lastName:@"DD"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (anthonyRobbins != NULL){
NSLog(@"添加成功！");
CFRelease(anthonyRobbins);
}
CFRelease(addressBook);
}
}
// 添加聯(lián)系人到通訊錄
- (ABRecordRef) newPersonWithFirstName:(NSString *)paramFirstName lastName:(NSString *)paramLastName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
ABRecordRef result = NULL;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is NULL.");
return NULL;
}
if ([paramFirstName length] == 0 && [paramLastName length] == 0){
NSLog(@"First name and last name are both empty.");
return NULL;
}
result = ABPersonCreate();// 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的聯(lián)系人
if (result == NULL){
NSLog(@"Failed to create a new person.");
return NULL;
}
BOOL couldSetFirstName = NO;
BOOL couldSetLastName = NO;
CFErrorRef setFirstNameError = NULL;
CFErrorRef setLastNameError = NULL;
// 設(shè)置FirstName，并且返回是否設(shè)置成功
couldSetFirstName = ABRecordSetValue(result,kABPersonFirstNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramFirstName,&setFirstNameError);
// 設(shè)置LastName，并且返回是否設(shè)置成功
couldSetLastName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABPersonLastNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramLastName,&setLastNameError);
// 設(shè)置其他屬性，類似,但是還沒有研究出來(lái)先mark一下吧
if (couldSetFirstName && couldSetLastName){
NSLog(@"Successfully set the first name and the last name of the person.");
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to set the first name and/or last name of the person.");
}
CFErrorRef couldAddPersonError = NULL;
BOOL couldAddPerson = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddPersonError);
if (couldAddPerson){
NSLog(@"添加聯(lián)系人-成功！");
} else {
NSLog(@"添加聯(lián)系人-失敗！");
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
return result;
}
// 更新通訊錄
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"成功的保存到了通訊錄中");
} else {
NSLog(@"保存到通訊錄中失敗");
}
}
return result;
}
大概步驟：
1.創(chuàng)建通訊錄的引用
ABAddressBookRef?addressBook =?ABAddressBookCreate();
2.創(chuàng)建聯(lián)系人
ABRecordRef?result =?NULL;
result =?ABPersonCreate();//?創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新的聯(lián)系人
3.并聯(lián)系人中添加相關(guān)的值
ABRecordSetValue(result,?kABPersonLastNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramLastName,&setLastNameError);
添加的項(xiàng)，應(yīng)該也要分單值和多值的情況。現(xiàn)在還沒搞清楚多值類型（電話號(hào)碼，電子郵件）如何添加。如果您知道或者了解，請(qǐng)不吝賜教！謝謝！
4.將聯(lián)系人加入到通訊錄中
CFErrorRef?couldAddPersonError =?NULL;
BOOL?couldAddPerson =?ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddPersonError);
5.保存通訊錄
//?更新通訊錄
if?(ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
CFErrorRef?couldSaveAddressBookError =?NULL;
BOOL?couldSaveAddressBook =?ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
}
五、向通訊錄中添加分組-ABGroupCreate
貼：
- (void)viewDidLoad
{
[super viewDidLoad];
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();// 獲得用戶通訊錄數(shù)據(jù)的一個(gè)引用
if (addressBook != nil){
ABRecordRef personalCoachesGroup =[self newGroupWithName:@"測(cè)試分類"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (personalCoachesGroup != NULL){
NSLog(@"Successfully created the group.");
CFRelease(personalCoachesGroup);
} else {
NSLog(@"Could not create the group.");
}
CFRelease(addressBook);
}
}
// 添加群組到通訊錄中
- (ABRecordRef) newGroupWithName:(NSString *)paramGroupName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
ABRecordRef result = NULL;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is nil.");
return NULL;
}
result = ABGroupCreate();// 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)分組
if (result == NULL){
NSLog(@"Failed to create a new group.");
return NULL;
}
BOOL couldSetGroupName = NO;
CFErrorRef error = NULL;
// 設(shè)置分組
couldSetGroupName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABGroupNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramGroupName,&error);
if (couldSetGroupName){
BOOL couldAddRecord = NO;
CFErrorRef couldAddRecordError = NULL;
couldAddRecord = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddRecordError);
if (couldAddRecord){
NSLog(@"Successfully added the new group.");
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook,&couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"Successfully saved the address book.");
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");
}
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"No unsaved changes.");
}
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"Could not add a new group.");
}
} else {
CFRelease(result);
result = NULL;
NSLog(@"Failed to set the name of the group."); }
return result;
}
大概步驟：
1.創(chuàng)建通訊錄的引用
ABAddressBookRef?addressBook =?ABAddressBookCreate();
2.創(chuàng)建分組
ABRecordRef?result =?NULL;
result = ABGroupCreate();// 創(chuàng)建一個(gè)分組
3.并分組中添加相關(guān)的值
// 設(shè)置分組
couldSetGroupName = ABRecordSetValue(result, kABGroupNameProperty,(CFTypeRef)paramGroupName,&error);
4.將分組加入到通訊錄中
CFErrorRef couldAddRecordError = NULL;
couldAddRecord = ABAddressBookAddRecord(paramAddressBook, result,&couldAddRecordError);
5.保存通訊錄
//?更新通訊錄
if?(ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
CFErrorRef?couldSaveAddressBookError =?NULL;
BOOL?couldSaveAddressBook =?ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
}
六、將聯(lián)系人添加到指定的分組中
有了前面的鋪墊，我們就清楚了。不解釋了！
貼：
ABAddressBookRef addressBook = ABAddressBookCreate();
if (addressBook != nil){
// 創(chuàng)建聯(lián)系人
ABRecordRef richardBranson = [self newPersonWithFirstName:@"Richard"
lastName:@"Branson"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (richardBranson != NULL){
// 創(chuàng)建分組
ABRecordRef entrepreneursGroup = [self newGroupWithName:@"Entrepreneurs"
inAddressBook:addressBook];
if (entrepreneursGroup != NULL){
BOOL isSuccess=[self addPerson:richardBranson toGroup:entrepreneursGroup saveToAddressBook:addressBook];
if (isSuccess){
NSLog(@"Successfully");
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed ");
}
CFRelease(entrepreneursGroup);
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to create the Entrepreneurs group.");
}
CFRelease(richardBranson);
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to create an entity for Richard Branson."); }
CFRelease(addressBook);
} else {
NSLog(@"Address book is nil.");
}
// 把聯(lián)系人添加到指定的組中
- (BOOL) addPerson:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson toGroup:(ABRecordRef)paramGroup saveToAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramPerson == NULL ||paramGroup == NULL || paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"Invalid parameters are given.");
return result;
}
CFErrorRef error = NULL;
result = ABGroupAddMember(paramGroup,paramPerson,&error);
if (result == NO){
NSLog(@"Could not add the person to the group.");
return result;
}
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"Successfully added the person to the group.");
result = YES;
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");
}
} else {
NSLog(@"No changes were saved.");
}
return result;
}
七、查找聯(lián)系人和分組
比如我們可能需要查找通訊錄的某個(gè)分組或者聯(lián)系人是否存在，可以使用以下方法：
貼：
#pragma mark - 查找通訊錄
// 查找通訊錄中聯(lián)系人是否存在指定聯(lián)系人
- (BOOL) doesPersonExistWithFirstName:(NSString *)paramFirstName lastName:(NSString *)paramLastName inAddressBook:(ABRecordRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is null.");
return NO;
}
NSArray *allPeople = [(NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllPeople(paramAddressBook) autorelease];
NSUInteger peopleCounter = 0;
for (peopleCounter = 0; peopleCounter < [allPeople count]; peopleCounter++){
ABRecordRef person = (ABRecordRef)[allPeople objectAtIndex:peopleCounter];
NSString *firstName = [(NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonFirstNameProperty) autorelease];
NSString *lastName = [(NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(person, kABPersonLastNameProperty) autorelease];
BOOL firstNameIsEqual = NO;
BOOL lastNameIsEqual = NO;
if ([firstName length] == 0 && [paramFirstName length] == 0){
firstNameIsEqual = YES;
}else if ([firstName isEqualToString:paramFirstName]){
firstNameIsEqual = YES;
}
if ([lastName length] == 0 &&[paramLastName length] == 0){
lastNameIsEqual = YES;
}else if ([lastName isEqualToString:paramLastName]){
lastNameIsEqual = YES;
}
if (firstNameIsEqual && lastNameIsEqual){
return YES;
}
}
return result;
}
// 查找通訊錄中是否存在是某個(gè)分組
- (BOOL) doesGroupExistWithGroupName:(NSString *)paramGroupName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is null.");
return NO;
}
NSArray *allGroups = [( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyArrayOfAllGroups(paramAddressBook) autorelease];
NSUInteger groupCounter = 0;
for (groupCounter = 0; groupCounter < [allGroups count];groupCounter++){
ABRecordRef group = ( ABRecordRef) [allGroups objectAtIndex:groupCounter];
NSString *groupName = [( NSString *) ABRecordCopyValue(group, kABGroupNameProperty) autorelease];
if ([groupName length] == 0 &&[paramGroupName length] == 0){
return YES;
}else if ([groupName isEqualToString:paramGroupName]){
return YES;
}
}
return result;
}
// 根據(jù)姓名，模糊查詢
- (BOOL) doesPersonExistWithFullName:(NSString *)paramFullName inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"Address book is null.");
return NO;
}
NSArray *allPeopleWithThisName = [( NSArray *) ABAddressBookCopyPeopleWithName(paramAddressBook, (CFStringRef)paramFullName) autorelease];
if ([allPeopleWithThisName count] > 0){
result = YES;
}
return result;
}
八、設(shè)置和獲得聯(lián)系人圖片信息
#pragma mark - 通訊錄圖片相關(guān)
// 獲得聯(lián)系人的頭像
- (UIImage *) getPersonImage:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson{ UIImage *result = nil;
if (paramPerson == NULL){
NSLog(@"The person is nil.");
return NULL;
}
NSData *imageData = [( NSData *) ABPersonCopyImageData(paramPerson) autorelease];
if (imageData != nil){
UIImage *image = [UIImage imageWithData:imageData];
result = image;
}
return result;
}
// 設(shè)置聯(lián)系人的頭像
- (BOOL) setPersonImage:(ABRecordRef)paramPerson inAddressBook:(ABAddressBookRef)paramAddressBook withImageData:(NSData *)paramImageData{
BOOL result = NO;
if (paramAddressBook == NULL){
NSLog(@"The address book is nil.");
return NO;
}
if (paramPerson == NULL){
NSLog(@"The person is nil.");
return NO;
}
CFErrorRef couldSetPersonImageError = NULL;
BOOL couldSetPersonImage = ABPersonSetImageData(paramPerson,(CFDataRef)paramImageData, &couldSetPersonImageError);
if (couldSetPersonImage){
NSLog(@"Successfully set the person's image. Saving...");
if (ABAddressBookHasUnsavedChanges(paramAddressBook)){
BOOL couldSaveAddressBook = NO;
CFErrorRef couldSaveAddressBookError = NULL;
couldSaveAddressBook = ABAddressBookSave(paramAddressBook, &couldSaveAddressBookError);
if (couldSaveAddressBook){
NSLog(@"Successfully saved the address book.");
result = YES;
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to save the address book.");
}
} else {
NSLog(@"There are no changes to be saved!"); }
} else {
NSLog(@"Failed to set the person's image.");
}
return result;
}
解釋：
獲得頭像信息：ABPersonCopyImageData方法
設(shè)置頭像信息：ABPersonSetImageData方法
