import re

https://docs.python.org/3.7/library/re.html

https://www.cnblogs.com/tina-python/p/5508402.html

/*******************************[] Used to indicate a set of characters. In a set:以下是集合的幾種用法*******************************/

字符的范圍可以通過給出兩個字符并用'-'分隔它們來表示,例如[a-z]將匹配任何小寫ASCII字母，[0-5][0-9]將匹配從00到59的所有兩位數字

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police."
result = re.findall(r"l[a-z]", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['ll', 'ly', 'li']

字符可以單獨列出，例如[lmy]將匹配'l'、'm'或'y'

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police."
result = re.findall(r"l[lmy]", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['ll', 'ly']

If - is escaped (e.g. [a-z]) or if it’s placed as the first or last character (e.g. [-a] or [a-]), it will match a literal '-'.

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police l-0, l9."
result = re.findall(r"l[-9]", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['l-', 'l9']

特殊字符在集合中失去其特殊意義。例如，[(+)]將匹配任何文字字符'('，'+'，''，或')'

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police l+0, l* l(."
result = re.findall(r"l[(+)]", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['l+', 'l', 'l(']

字符類(如\w或\S(定義如下))也可以在一個集合中接受，盡管它們匹配的字符取決于ASCII或LOCALE模式是否有效。

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police fastlyy"
result = re.findall(r"\w+ly", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['carefully', 'quickly', 'fastly']

可以通過補充該組來匹配不在范圍內的字符。 如果集合的第一個字符是“^”，則將匹配集合中不包含的所有字符。

例如，[^ 5]將匹配除“5”之外的任何字符，[^^{]將匹配除“}”之外的任何字符。 如果它不是集合中的第一個字符，則沒有特殊含義。

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police fastlyy"
result = re.findall(r"\w+[^l]y", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['fastlyy']

要匹配集合中的文字“]'，請在其前面加上反斜杠，或將其放在集合的開頭。 例如，[（）[] {}]和[]（）[{}]都將匹配括號。

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police [fastlyy]"
result = re.findall(r"\w+[]]", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['fastlyy]']

. 在默認模式下，它匹配除換行符之外的任何字符。如果指定了DOTALL標志，則匹配包括換行符在內的任何字符。

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police fastlyy"
result = re.findall(r"g.i", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['gui']

^ 匹配字符串的開頭，在多行模式下，也在每個換行之后立即匹配。

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police fastlyy"
result = re.findall(r"^He was", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['He was']
result = re.findall(r"^carefully", text)
print(result) #返回結果：[]

$ 匹配字符串末尾，在多行模式中匹配每一行的末尾

text = "He was carefully disguised but captured quickly by police fastlyy foo and foobar"
result = re.findall(r"foobar$", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['foobar']

? 匹配一個字符0次或1次

text = "He food foo and foob and foobbbb"
result = re.findall(r"foob?", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['foo', 'foo', 'foob', 'foob']

* 匹配前一個字符0或多次

text = "He food foo and foob and foobbbb"
result = re.findall(r"foob*", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['foo', 'foo', 'foob', 'foobbbb']

+ 匹配前一個字符1次或無限次

text = "He food foo and foob and foobbbb"
result = re.findall(r"foob+", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['foob', 'foobbbb']

text = "com/sz300270.html"
result = re.findall(r"com/\S\S(.*?).html", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['300270']

text = "<a> b <c>"
result = re.findall(r"<.>", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['<a>', '<c>']

text = "<a> b <c>"
result = re.findall(r"<.*>", text)
print(result) #返回結果：<a> b <c>

text = "<a> b <c>"
result = re.findall(r"<.*?>", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['<a>', '<c>']

text = "<a> b <c>"
result = re.findall(r"<(.*?)>", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['a', 'c']

\d 數字:[0-9]

text = "abc a1c a2c"
result = re.findall(r"a\dc", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['a1c', 'a2c']

\D 非數字

text = "abc a1c a2c"
result = re.findall(r"a\Dc", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['abc']

\S 匹配任何非空白字符

text = "abc a1c a c a_c"
result = re.findall(r"a\Sc", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['abc', 'a1c', 'a_c']

\s 匹配任何空白字符

text = "abc a1c a c a b"
result = re.findall(r"a\sc", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['a c']

\w 匹配包括下劃線在內的任何字字符 ??????

text = "abdc a1c a c a_b"
result = re.findall(r"a\wc", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['a1c']

\W 匹配非字母字符，即匹配特殊字符

text = "abdc a1c a c a_b"
result = re.findall(r"a\Wc", text)
print(result) #返回結果：['a c']

print(re.findall(r'\d+','12 drumm44ers drumming, 11 ... 100 ...'))
iter = re.finditer(r'\d+','12 drumm44ers drumming, 11 ... 100 ...')
for i in iter:
print(i)
print(i.group())
print(i.span())

print(re.split('\d+','one1two2three3four4five5'))
print(re.split(r'|','one|two|three'))

text = "JGood is a handsome boy, he is cool, clever, and so on..."
print(re.sub(r'\s+', '-', text))

text = "JGood is a handsome boy, he is cool, clever, and so on..."
print(re.sub(r'\s+', lambda m:'['+m.group(0)+']', text,0))

print(re.subn('[1-2]','A','123456abcdef'))
print(re.sub("g.t","have",'I get A, I got B ,I gut C'))
print(re.subn("g.t","have",'I get A, I got B ,I gut C'))

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