? ? ? 《冰與火之歌》是POV寫作手法的代表作。POV即Point of View, 中文譯作“視點(diǎn)人物寫作法”。這種寫作方法其實(shí)并不新鮮，不過我印象比較深刻的是初中的時(shí)候。那會兒，正是新概念作文流行的時(shí)候，有一本雜志特別火，叫《萌芽》。不知道現(xiàn)在的同學(xué)們還看不看了。記憶中典型的封面是這樣的：
? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?（找不到更清晰的圖片了）
? ? ? ? 里面有很多新奇的寫作手法，其中就有這種POV寫作方法，第一次讀到這種文章，覺得很神奇，原來文章還可以這么寫。于是，我在考試作文里也嘗試過這種寫作方法，同一件事情，從不同的人物視角把事情再講一遍，去探討不同人物的內(nèi)心變化、制造矛盾沖突，效果還不錯。
? ? ? 《冰與火之歌》世界觀很龐大，人物眾多、關(guān)系復(fù)雜，每一章都以人物名字命名，站在人物的視角推動劇情發(fā)展，是典型的POV寫作手法。據(jù)網(wǎng)上的有關(guān)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在《冰與火之歌》前五卷里，Jon的POV數(shù)量占第二，是故事的絕對主角。
? ? ? Jon是Stark家的私生子，他在第一次POV出場的心理活動和動機(jī)都要從bastard這個(gè)事實(shí)出發(fā)。
? ? ? 開頭很經(jīng)典：
There were times--not many, but a few--when?Jon Snow was glad he was a bastard.?As?he filled his wine cup once more from a passing flagon,?it struck him that this might be one of them.
有些時(shí)候——并不多，但有那么一些場合——Jon Snow對自己私生子的身份感到慶幸。當(dāng)他用身邊遞過來的大酒壺里再次給自己的酒杯斟滿時(shí)，他忽然想到這大概算是其中的一個(gè)吧。
這個(gè)開頭點(diǎn)出了最重要的一個(gè)詞bastard，但是又好像有很多東西沒有說，等著讀者進(jìn)一步去發(fā)現(xiàn)。
這個(gè)句式，值得記住：
? ? ? ?There be times when...As... , it strike sb. that(this might be one of them).
? ? ? ?有時(shí)候..., 當(dāng)...時(shí)，...突然想到(這可能就是其中之一)
? ? ? ?strike (stuck)?:suddenly come into the mind of.
? ? ? ?At this point, it suddenly struck me that I was wasting my time.
? ? ? ?這時(shí)，我突然覺得這是在浪費(fèi)自己的時(shí)間。
? ? ? ?父親為國王安排了歡迎宴會（welcoming feast），但是因?yàn)樽约篵astard的身份，平時(shí)在一起吃飯、一起的生活的兄弟姐妹在這個(gè)正式的場合有了區(qū)分。Jon在觀察整個(gè)宴會的同時(shí)，又無時(shí)不在與那些 trueborn Stark兄弟姐妹們進(jìn)行比較。
? ? ? ?He was certain that his companions were more entertaining than the king'soffspring.
? ? ? ?不能和王室的成員坐在一起，但他們肯定沒有身邊的squires和drunk有趣，他們會講有意思的戰(zhàn)事、歡事和獵事（tales of battle and bedding and the hunt）, 會在Jon每飲盡一杯的時(shí)候更進(jìn)一杯（urge him on）.
? ? ? ? offspring：a person's children
? ? ? ? 從大廳的裝飾、宴會表演到Starks和王室成員結(jié)對來到宴會大廳，Jon都觀察地非常仔細(xì)。
The queen was as beautiful as men said.
The king walked like a man half in his cups.
Little Rickon came with all the dignity a three-year-old could muster.
Robb came with Princess Myrcella on his arm... Jon noticed the shy looks she gave Robb as they passed between the tables and the timid way she smiled at him. He?decided?she was insipid.
? ? ? ?decide:這個(gè)用法以前很少見過。If you decide that something is true, you form that opinion about it after considering the facts.也就是“斷定”的意思。
? ? ? ?He decided Franklin must be suffering from a bad cold.
? ? ? ?他斷定法蘭克林一定是得了重感冒。
Arya was paired with plump Tommen.
Sansa drew prince Joffrey.
? ? ? ? draw:If you draw something ?or someone in a particular direction, you move them in that direction, usually by pulling them gently.相當(dāng)于pull，有“拉、引導(dǎo)”的意思。
? ? ? ? ?He?drew?his chair nearer the fire.他把椅子往火邊拉了拉。
? ? ? ? ?Wilson?drew?me aside after an interview. 采訪結(jié)束后Wilson把我拉到一邊。
Jaime Lannister was tall and golden, with flashing green eyes and a smile that cut like a knife.They called him the Lion of Lannister to his face and whispered "Kingslayer" behind his back.
? ? ? ? ? called sb. ..to his face and whispered ... behind his back: 當(dāng)面稱……背地里悄悄叫……
? ? ? ? ? Tyrion Lannister was a dwarf, half his brother's height, struggling to keep pace on stunted legs.
The last of the high lords to enter were his uncle, Benjen Stark of the Night's Watch, and his father's ward, young Theon Greyjoy.
? ? ? ? ?連他的狼崽也來湊熱鬧。
? ? ? ? Something rubbed against his leg beneath the table.
? ? ? ? ?一想到兄弟姐妹們的狼崽都不允許帶到宴會來，他覺得這大概也是私生子才有的運(yùn)氣吧。(He told himself he was fortunate in that too.)
? ? ? ? ? ?Uncle Benjen過來與Jon聊天，Benjen著一身黑衣，是一名守夜人（Night's Watch）。Benjen問Jon：
Don't you usually eat at table with your brothers?
平時(shí)你不和你的兄弟們一起吃飯嗎？
? ? ? ? Jon平靜地（in a flat voice）說：
Most times. But tonight Lady stark thought it might give insult to the royal family to seat a bastard among them.
Uncle Benjen看得出男主人Ned Stark今晚興致不高。Jon也注意到了。
A bastard had to learn to notice things, to read the truth that people hid behind their eyes.
私生子不得不學(xué)會長些眼色，學(xué)會讀懂掩藏在人們目光后的真相。
? ? ? ? Uncle Benjen對Jon的觀察感到驚異，隨口說了一句絕境長城上正需要這樣的守夜人。而Jon似乎也考慮過這條出路。
? ? ? ? 在多少個(gè)漫漫的長夜里，這個(gè)十四歲的少年躺在床上睡不著。身邊的兄弟已經(jīng)睡著，他卻不得不因?yàn)槲磥硐萑氤了肌obb將來會繼承Winterfell，統(tǒng)領(lǐng)軍隊(duì)成為北方守護(hù)。Bran和Rickon將領(lǐng)一方城池成為Robb的封臣。兩個(gè)妹妹Arya和Sansa將和其他大家族聯(lián)姻。可是一個(gè)私生子能得到什么呢？
? ? ? ? 原來不是中國才有嫡、庶之分。
? ? ? ? 原來私生子是沒有家的。
? ? ? ? 也許成為守夜人，至少可以贏得榮譽(yù)。
? ? ? ? ?但是Uncle Benjen覺得Jon太年輕，他還不懂得成為一名守夜人必須放棄親情，放棄愛情：
The Night's Watch is a sworn brotherhood. We have no families. None of us will ever father sons. Our wife is duty. Our mistress is honor.
在Jon還沒有品嘗過愛情和女人前，可能Jon還不懂得這代價(jià)到底意味著什么。
Come back to me after you've fathered a few bastards of your own, and we'll see how you feel.
“bastard”這個(gè)詞深深地刺痛Jon的心，他深嘗身為一名bastard的痛苦，怎么會成為這種痛苦的制造者？
I will never father a bastard. Never!
? ? ? ? 大概是Jon太激動了。話音落時(shí)，周遭都安靜下來，看著Jon。Jon感到眼淚就要忍不住，沖出了宴會大廳。遇到Tyrion Lannister。Tyrion告訴他：
Never forget what you are, for surely the world will not. Make it your strength. Then it can never be your weakness. Armor yourself in it, and it will never be used to hurt you.
永遠(yuǎn)不要忘了自己是誰。因?yàn)檫@個(gè)世界絕不會忘記。讓他變成你的力量，它就不會稱為你的軟肋。用它武裝自己，別人就不能用它來傷害你。
? ? ? ? 作為一個(gè)侏儒，一個(gè)父親眼中的怪物，或許與bastard也無異。
? ? ? ? 當(dāng)Tyrion打開宴會大廳的大門，燈光投射出他的影子，那一剎那，Jon感到Tryion高大得猶如一個(gè)國王。
When he opened the door, the light from within threw his shadow clear across the yard, and for just a moment Tyrion Lannister stood tall as a king.
? ? ? ?一個(gè)人，是出生在戰(zhàn)亂紛飛還是和平安寧的國度，是交通便利的大都市還是貧困偏遠(yuǎn)的小山村，其實(shí)人在一開始沒什么選擇。
? ? ? ? 仔細(xì)想想，如果說還有平等不平等之謂，那么人生最大的不平等大概就是出生的不平等吧。
