一、安裝
1.1 yum 安裝
[root@linux-node1?~]#?yum?install?mariadb?mariadb-server?-y
1.2 啟動并初始化
[root@linux-node1?~]#?service?mariadb?start
[root@linux-node1?~]#?mysql_secure_installation
NOTE:?RUNNING?ALL?PARTS?OF?THIS?SCRIPT?IS?RECOMMENDED?FOR?ALL?MariaDB
SERVERS?IN?PRODUCTION?USE!??PLEASE?READ?EACH?STEP?CAREFULLY!
In?order?to?log?into?MariaDB?to?secure?it,?we'll?need?the?current
password?for?the?root?user.??If?you've?just?installed?MariaDB,?and
you?haven't?set?the?root?password?yet,?the?password?will?be?blank,
so?you?should?just?press?enter?here.
Enter?current?password?for?root?(enter?for?none):
OK,?successfully?used?password,?moving?on...
Setting?the?root?password?ensures?that?nobody?can?log?into?the?MariaDB
root?user?without?the?proper?authorisation.
Set?root?password??[Y/n]?Y
New?password:
Re-enter?new?password:
Password?updated?successfully!
Reloading?privilege?tables..
...?Success!
By?default,?a?MariaDB?installation?has?an?anonymous?user,?allowing?anyone
to?log?into?MariaDB?without?having?to?have?a?user?account?created?for
them.??This?is?intended?only?for?testing,?and?to?make?the?installation
go?a?bit?smoother.??You?should?remove?them?before?moving?into?a
production?environment.
Remove?anonymous?users??[Y/n]?Y
...?Success!
Normally,?root?should?only?be?allowed?to?connect?from?'localhost'.??This
ensures?that?someone?cannot?guess?at?the?root?password?from?the?network.
Disallow?root?login?remotely??[Y/n]?n
...?skipping.
By?default,?MariaDB?comes?with?a?database?named?'test'?that?anyone?can
access.??This?is?also?intended?only?for?testing,?and?should?be?removed
before?moving?into?a?production?environment.
Remove?test?database?and?access?to?it??[Y/n]?n
...?skipping.
Reloading?the?privilege?tables?will?ensure?that?all?changes?made?so?far
will?take?effect?immediately.
Reload?privilege?tables?now??[Y/n]?Y
...?Success!
Cleaning?up...
All?done!??If?you've?completed?all?of?the?above?steps,?your?MariaDB
installation?should?now?be?secure.
Thanks?for?using?MariaDB!
1.3 檢查登錄情況
[root@linux-node1?~]#?mysql?-uroot?-p123456
Welcome?to?the?MariaDB?monitor.??Commands?end?with?;?or?\g.
Your?MariaDB?connection?id?is?7
Server?version:?5.5.52-MariaDB?MariaDB?Server
Copyright?(c)?2000,?2016,?Oracle,?MariaDB?Corporation?Ab?and?others.
Type?'help;'?or?'\h'?for?help.?Type?'\c'?to?clear?the?current?input?statement.
MariaDB?[(none)]>
二、創建多實例
2.1 創建目錄
[root@linux-node1?~]#?mkdir?/home/multiMysql
[root@linux-node1?~]#?mkdir?/home/multiMysql/{etc,socket,bin,datadir}
在/home目錄下創建multiMysql文件夾，并在里面創建etc,socket,bin,datadir這四個文件夾備用。
現在我們在datadir中創建3個文件夾以放置三個實例的數據文件：3307,3308,3309
[root@linux-node1?~]#?mkdir?/home/multiMysql/datadir/{3307,3308,3309}
然后用mysql_install_db來生成即將使用的多個實例的數據文件，首先需要對/home/multiMysql進行遞歸授權防止之后的操作出現權限不夠的情況：
[root@linux-node1?~]#?chmod?-R?777?/home/multiMysql
2.2 初始化實例
$?mysql_install_db?--basedir=/usr?--datadir=/home/multiMysql/datadir/3307?--user=mysql
$?mysql_install_db?--basedir=/usr?--datadir=/home/multiMysql/datadir/3308?--user=mysql
$?mysql_install_db?--basedir=/usr?--datadir=/home/multiMysql/datadir/3309?--user=mysql
其中的參數--basedir是指mysql的二進制文件目錄（誤？），--datadir是指即將安裝到的數據庫文件目錄，如果不知道--basedir該怎么填，可以登錄進mysql后查詢：
MariaDB?[(none)]>?show?variables?like?'%basedir%';
+---------------+-------+
|?Variable_name?|?Value?|
+---------------+-------+
|?basedir???????|?/usr??|
+---------------+-------+
1?row?in?set?(0.01?sec)
--user是指mysql實例將使用的在linux系統中的用戶，最好命名為mysql，yum安裝后一般都有這個用戶，如果沒有可以自主創建：
2.3 創建多實例配置文件
2.3.1 創建共用配置文件
$?mkdir?/home/multiMysql/etc/my.cnf.d/
#vim?/home/multiMysql/etc/my.cnf.d/my.cnf
[mysqld]
skip-name-resolve
lower_case_table_names=1
innodb_file_per_table=1
back_log?=?50
max_connections?=?300
max_connect_errors?=?1000
table_open_cache?=?2048
max_allowed_packet?=?16M
binlog_cache_size?=?2M
max_heap_table_size?=?64M
sort_buffer_size?=?2M
join_buffer_size?=?2M
thread_cache_size?=?64
thread_concurrency?=?8
query_cache_size?=?64M
query_cache_limit?=?2M
ft_min_word_len?=?4
default-storage-engine?=?innodb
thread_stack?=?192K
transaction_isolation?=?REPEATABLE-READ
tmp_table_size?=?64M
log-bin=mysql-bin
binlog_format=row
slow_query_log
long_query_time?=?1
server-id?=?1
key_buffer_size?=?8M
read_buffer_size?=?2M
read_rnd_buffer_size?=?2M
bulk_insert_buffer_size?=?64M
myisam_sort_buffer_size?=?128M
myisam_max_sort_file_size?=?10G
myisam_repair_threads?=?1
myisam_recover
innodb_additional_mem_pool_size?=?16M
innodb_buffer_pool_size?=?200M
innodb_data_file_path?=?ibdata1:10M:autoextend
innodb_file_io_threads?=?8
innodb_thread_concurrency?=?16
innodb_flush_log_at_trx_commit?=?1
innodb_log_buffer_size?=?16M
innodb_log_file_size?=?512M
innodb_log_files_in_group?=?3
innodb_max_dirty_pages_pct?=?60
innodb_lock_wait_timeout?=?120
[mysqldump]
quick
max_allowed_packet?=?256M
[mysql]
no-auto-rehash
prompt=\\u@\\d?\\R:\\m>
[myisamchk]
key_buffer_size?=?512M
sort_buffer_size?=?512M
read_buffer?=?8M
write_buffer?=?8M
[mysqlhotcopy]
interactive-timeout
[mysqld_safe]
open-files-limit?=?8192
2.3.2 創建三個實例的配置文件：
#3307
#vim?3307.cnf
[client]
port?=?3307
socket?=?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3307.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/home/multiMysql/datadir/3307
port?=?3307
server_id?=1
socket?=?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3307.sock
!includedir?/home/multiMysql/etc/my.cnf.d
#3308
vim?3308.cnf
[client]
port?=?3308
socket?=?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3308.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/home/multiMysql/datadir/3308
port?=?3308
socket?=?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3308.sock
#3309
#vim?3309.cnf
[client]
port?=?3309
socket?=?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3309.sock
[mysqld]
datadir=/home/multiMysql/datadir/3309
port?=?3309
socket?=?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3309.sock
2.4 啟動實例
$???/usr/bin/mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/home/multiMysql/etc/3307.cnf?&
$???/usr/bin/mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/home/multiMysql/etc/3308.cnf?&
$???/usr/bin/mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/home/multiMysql/etc/3309.cnf?&
2.5 ?登錄查看
[root@linux-node1?etc]#?mysql?-u?root?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3307.sock
Welcome?to?the?MariaDB?monitor.??Commands?end?with?;?or?\g.
Your?MariaDB?connection?id?is?1
Server?version:?5.5.52-MariaDB?MariaDB?Server
Copyright?(c)?2000,?2016,?Oracle,?MariaDB?Corporation?Ab?and?others.
Type?'help;'?or?'\h'?for?help.?Type?'\c'?to?clear?the?current?input?statement.
MariaDB?[(none)]>
MariaDB?[(none)]>?\q
Bye
[root@linux-node1?etc]#?mysql?-u?root?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3308.sock
Welcome?to?the?MariaDB?monitor.??Commands?end?with?;?or?\g.
Your?MariaDB?connection?id?is?1
Server?version:?5.5.52-MariaDB?MariaDB?Server
Copyright?(c)?2000,?2016,?Oracle,?MariaDB?Corporation?Ab?and?others.
Type?'help;'?or?'\h'?for?help.?Type?'\c'?to?clear?the?current?input?statement.
MariaDB?[(none)]>?\q
Bye
[root@linux-node1?etc]#?mysql?-u?root?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3309.sock
Welcome?to?the?MariaDB?monitor.??Commands?end?with?;?or?\g.
Your?MariaDB?connection?id?is?1
Server?version:?5.5.52-MariaDB?MariaDB?Server
Copyright?(c)?2000,?2016,?Oracle,?MariaDB?Corporation?Ab?and?others.
Type?'help;'?or?'\h'?for?help.?Type?'\c'?to?clear?the?current?input?statement.
MariaDB?[(none)]>
2.6 創建密碼
MariaDB?[(none)]>?update?mysql.user?set?password=password('123456')?where?User="root"?and?Host="localhost";
MariaDB?[(none)]>?flush?privileges;
2.7 停止實例
$?mysqladmin?-uroot??-p123456?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3307.sock?shutdown
$?mysqladmin?-uroot??-p123456?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3308.sock?shutdown
$?mysqladmin?-uroot??-p123456?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql3309.sock?shutdown
三、啟動腳本
#3307
#vim?/home/multiMysql/bin/mysql3307
#!/bin/bash
mysql_port=3307
mysql_username="root"
mysql_password="123456"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf?"Starting?MySQL...\n"
mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/home/multiMysql/etc/${mysql_port}.cnf?2>&1?>?/dev/null?&
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf?"Stoping?MySQL...\n"
mysqladmin?-u?${mysql_username}?-p${mysql_password}?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql${mysql_port}.sock?shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf?"Restarting?MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill?-9?$(ps?-ef?|?grep?'bin/mysqld_safe'?|?grep?${mysql_port}?|?awk?'{printf?$2}')
kill?-9?$(ps?-ef?|?grep?'libexec/mysqld'?|?grep?${mysql_port}?|?awk?'{printf?$2}')
}
case?$1?in
start)
function_start_mysql;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql;;
kill)
function_kill_mysql;;
restart)
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql;;
*)
echo?"Usage:?/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld?{start|stop|restart|kill}";;
esac
#3308
#vim?/home/multiMysql/bin/mysql3308
#!/bin/bash
mysql_port=3308
mysql_username="root"
mysql_password="123456"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf?"Starting?MySQL...\n"
mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/home/multiMysql/etc/${mysql_port}.cnf?2>&1?>?/dev/null?&
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf?"Stoping?MySQL...\n"
mysqladmin?-u?${mysql_username}?-p${mysql_password}?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql${mysql_port}.sock?shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf?"Restarting?MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill?-9?$(ps?-ef?|?grep?'bin/mysqld_safe'?|?grep?${mysql_port}?|?awk?'{printf?$2}')
kill?-9?$(ps?-ef?|?grep?'libexec/mysqld'?|?grep?${mysql_port}?|?awk?'{printf?$2}')
}
case?$1?in
start)
function_start_mysql;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql;;
kill)
function_kill_mysql;;
restart)
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql;;
*)
echo?"Usage:?/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld?{start|stop|restart|kill}";;
esac
#3309
#vim?/home/multiMysql/bin/mysql3309
#!/bin/bash
mysql_port=3309
mysql_username="root"
mysql_password="123456"
function_start_mysql()
{
printf?"Starting?MySQL...\n"
mysqld_safe?--defaults-file=/home/multiMysql/etc/${mysql_port}.cnf?2>&1?>?/dev/null?&
}
function_stop_mysql()
{
printf?"Stoping?MySQL...\n"
mysqladmin?-u?${mysql_username}?-p${mysql_password}?-S?/home/multiMysql/socket/mysql${mysql_port}.sock?shutdown
}
function_restart_mysql()
{
printf?"Restarting?MySQL...\n"
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql
}
function_kill_mysql()
{
kill?-9?$(ps?-ef?|?grep?'bin/mysqld_safe'?|?grep?${mysql_port}?|?awk?'{printf?$2}')
kill?-9?$(ps?-ef?|?grep?'libexec/mysqld'?|?grep?${mysql_port}?|?awk?'{printf?$2}')
}
case?$1?in
start)
function_start_mysql;;
stop)
function_stop_mysql;;
kill)
function_kill_mysql;;
restart)
function_stop_mysql
function_start_mysql;;
*)
echo?"Usage:?/data/dbdata_${mysql_port}/mysqld?{start|stop|restart|kill}";;
esac
