Vocabulary:
1.HBO: Home Box Office, is an American premium cable and satellite television network that is owned by Time Warner through its respective flagship company Home Box office,Inc, which is the oldest and longest continuously operating pay television service (basic or premium) in the United States, having been in operation since November 8, 1972
Link: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HBO
2.almond: Noun, the flat pale sweet nut of the almond tree used in cooking and to make almond oil 杏仁
E.g. Almonds are pale oval nuts. They are often used in cooking.
3.....and speakers linked to avirtual voice-activated assistandthat can control, among other things, your lamps andsprinkler.
virtual:|?v?:t?u?l; 美 ?v?:rt?-| adj :
** made to appear to exist by the use of computer software, for example on the Internet 虛擬的，模擬的E.g. New technology has enabled development of an online ‘virtual library ’. 新技術(shù)已經(jīng)使在線“虛擬圖書館”的發(fā)展成為可能。
**almost or very nearly the thing described, so that any slight difference is not important 實(shí)際的，實(shí)質(zhì)上的E.g. The company has a virtual monopoly in this area of trade.這家公司實(shí)質(zhì)上已經(jīng)壟斷了這種貿(mào)易
Voice-activated: 聲控的E.g.voice activated intercom 語(yǔ)音對(duì)講機(jī)
sprinkler：Noun, is a device used to spray water. Sprinklers are used to water plants or grass, or to put out fires in buildings.(澆花草的)灑水器;噴水滅火裝置
4.premise: noun, a statement or an idea that forms the basis for a reasonable line of argument 前提；假定E.g. His reasoning is based on the premise that all people are equally capable of good and evil.他的推理是以人可以為善亦可以為惡為前提的
5.capitalisation: ?noun. an estimation of the value of a business ?.
E.g. a market capitalication 市場(chǎng)資本.
Now they are ranked first, second and third worldwide in terms of market capitalisation. 現(xiàn)在按市值計(jì)算,這些銀行已經(jīng)占據(jù)了全球前三位
6.that is because investors anticipate both an extraordinary rise in revenue. .......
anticipate:預(yù)期;預(yù)料;預(yù)計(jì)If you anticipate an event, you realize in advance that it may happen and you are prepared for it.
E.g.They anticipate moving to bigger premises by the end of the year.
revenue:noun.the money that a government receives from taxes or that an organization, etc. receives from its business 財(cái)政收入，稅收收入，收益
E.g. a slump in oil revenues 石油收入的下跌
The company's annual revenues rose by 30%公司的年收入增加了30%
7.Ground for scepticism does not come much more fertile than this .....
令人懷疑的理由從來(lái)沒有像這現(xiàn)樣這樣充足.......
8. it is easy to tick off some of the pit falls. Rivals will not stand still. 這樣很容易埋下一些隱患，對(duì)手不會(huì)固步自封。
tick off :If you tick off items on a list, you write a tick or other mark next to them, in order to show that they have been dealt with 在此譯為打勾，勾勒 ？
pitfalls: a danger or difficulty, especially one that is hidden or not obvious at first 危險(xiǎn)；困難；（尤指）陷阱，隱患
9.exceptionally :used before an adjective or adverb to emphasize how strong or unusual the quality is（用于形容詞和副詞之前表示強(qiáng)調(diào)）罕見，特別，非常
10 striking: interesting and unusual enough to attract attention 引人注目的；異乎尋常的；顯著的Synonymy : marked.E.g.She bears a striking resemblance to her older sister她酷似她姐姐
11.unprecedentedgoals: 前所未有的目標(biāo)
unprecedented: adj. that has never happened, been done or been known before前所未有的；空前的；沒有先例的
E.g. The situation is unprecedented in modern times.這種情況在現(xiàn)代還沒有出現(xiàn)過
12. a new sort of basket-case: 根據(jù)篤師講解，可理解為一種顛覆過去的新模式
basket case:a person or a thing regarded as useless or unable to cope.
另一種解釋：[idiomatic,slang, potentially offensive) one made powerless or ineffective,as by nerves,panic,stress or exhaustion.( synonyms : emotional cripple )
E.g. She was a completebasket casethe morning of her wedding.
延伸：emotional cripple: someone who finds it difficult to have or express feelings.
13. In an era whenexecutivesroutinelywhinge aboutpressure to produce short-term results, Amazon isresolutelyfocused on the distant horizon.....
executives:a person who has an important job as a manager of a company or an organization （公司或機(jī)構(gòu)的）經(jīng)理，主管領(lǐng)導(dǎo)，管理人員 ,在此統(tǒng)稱高管
whinge： ~ (about sb/sth) to complain in an annoying way 絮絮叨叨地抱怨
E.g.She's always whingeing about how unfair everything is.她總是嘟囔著說(shuō)一切都太不公平了
resolutely :having or showing great determination to do sth.堅(jiān)決地，毅然地
synonyms: determinedly
E.g.He resolutely refused to speak English unless forced to除非迫不得已，否則他堅(jiān)決不說(shuō)英語(yǔ)
14.propel:verb. to move, drive or push sth forward or in a particular direction 推動(dòng)；驅(qū)動(dòng)；推進(jìn)
15.lure:(disapproving) to persuade or trick sb to go somewhere or to do sth by promising them a reward 勸誘；引誘；誘惑synonyms : entice
E.g. Young people are lured to the city by the prospect of a job and money年輕人希望打工賺錢，從而被誘惑到城市
延伸：
entice: ~ sb (into doing sth) to persuade sb/sth to go somewhere or to do sth, usually by offering them sth 誘使；引誘
16.streaming video and music 視頻音樂流量 ？
17.A thridvirtuouscircleis starting towhirlaround Alexa, the firm's voice-activated assistant...
virtuous circle ：(formal) a series of events in which each one seems to increase the good effects of the previous one 良性循環(huán)
virtuous:(disapproving,or humorous) claiming to behave better or have higher moral standards than other people 自命不凡的；自命清高的,自以為了不起
E.g.He was feeling virtuous because he had finished and they hadn't. 因?yàn)樗瓿闪硕麄儧]有，他自以為了不起
whirl:give sth a whirl, (informal) to try sth to see if you like it or can do it 試一試
18. ...Amazon'sheadyvaluationresemblesaself-fulfilling prophecy.
Heady:adj . having a strong effect on your senses; making you feel excited and confident 強(qiáng)烈作用于感官的；使興奮的；使有信心的Synonyms : intoxicating
E.g. the heady days of youth 令人陶醉的年輕時(shí)代
a heady mixture of desire and fear 既期待又害怕的復(fù)雜心情
resembles:verb. ?(not used in the progressive tenses 不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)) to look like or be similar to another person or thing 看起來(lái)像；顯得像；像E.g. So many hotels resemble each other.許多酒店看上去都差不多
self-fulfilling prophecy :a self-fulfilling prophecy is one that becomes true because people expect it to be true and behave in a way that will make it happen （預(yù)言等）自我應(yīng)驗(yàn)的，自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的E.g. If you expect to fail, you will fail. It's a self-fulfilling prophecy.你如果預(yù)期失敗，就會(huì)失敗。這是一種自我應(yīng)驗(yàn)的預(yù)測(cè)
19.sustain: ?If something sustains you, it supports you by giving you help, strength, or encouragement 支持，支撐E.g.I am sustained by letters of support and what people say to me in ordinary daily life...這些支持的信件和人們每天對(duì)我的鼓勵(lì)一直支撐著我
20.debacle : ?noun.an event or a situation that is a complete failure and causes embarrassment 大敗；崩潰；垮臺(tái)；災(zāi)禍E.g. Many men were shot or captured in the debacle. 敗軍在潰逃時(shí)有很多人被擊斃或俘虜.
21.crank out :(informal) to produce a lot of sth quickly, especially things of low quality 大量地快速制造；（尤指）粗制濫造synonyms: turn out
E.g.We have to crank out publications in order to receive funding
22.quadruple: verb.to become four times bigger; to make sth four times bigger （使）變?yōu)樗谋?/p>
E.g.Sales have quadrupled in the last five years. 過去五年中，銷售額已增長(zhǎng)至以前的四倍
23. the sheer breadth of activities :經(jīng)營(yíng)范圍之廣
the sheer breadth： scope or range, especially of knowledge or skill; the breadth of something is its quality of consisting of or involving many different things
24.wingspan: noun. the distance between the end of one wing and the end of the other when the wings are fully stretched 翼展；翼幅
25.reminiscent: adj. ~ of sb/sth reminding you of sb/sth 使回憶起（人或事）E.g.The way he laughed was strongly reminiscent of his father他笑的樣子讓人很容易想起他的父親
26. conglomerate :noun . a large company formed by joining together different firms 聯(lián)合大公司；企業(yè)集團(tuán)E.g. a media conglomerate 大眾傳媒聯(lián)合體
27.bloated:adj. ?full of liquid or gas and therefore bigger than normal, in a way that is unpleasant 膨脹的；腫脹的；臃腫的
28.conglomerate discount: 多元化集團(tuán)折扣
29.air-freight hub: 航空運(yùn)輸樞紐
30.It is testing technology in stores to let consumersskip the cash registeraltogether, andexperimentingwithdrone deliveriesto the home. 它正在商店測(cè)試一種技術(shù)，讓消費(fèi)者完全跳過收銀機(jī)，并嘗試無(wú)人機(jī)送貨到家
skip:
** skip it (informal) used to tell sb rudely that you do not want to talk about sth or repeat what you have said （粗暴地表示不想談?wù)摶蛑貜?fù)說(shuō)）別提這事兒，不說(shuō)這個(gè)了E.g. What were you saying? Oh, skip it! 你剛才說(shuō)什么來(lái)著? 噢，不提了
No, thanks. We'll skip aperiti. 不, 謝謝, 飯前酒免了吧!
** skip off/out ?E.g. to leave secretly or suddenly 溜走；突然離去
**skip out on sb (North Amercian English) to leave sb, especially when they need you （尤指不顧某人而）離開，溜走
drone: an aircraft without a pilot, controlled from the ground 無(wú)人駕駛飛機(jī)
31.presumably: used to say that you think that sth is probably true 很可能；大概；想必是
E.g. Presumably this is where the accident happened.這大概就是事故現(xiàn)場(chǎng)
32....become a new kind ofutility: one that provides theinfrastructureof commerce, from computing power to payments to logistics.
utility:|ju:?t?l?ti|
** noun:a service provided for the public, for example an electricity, water or gas supply 公用事業(yè);(formal) the quality of being useful 實(shí)用；效用；有用 synonyms: usefulness.
** adj: `that can be used for several different purposes 多用途的；多效用的；多功能的E.g.an all-round utility player全面型選手
infrastructure:the basic systems and services that are necessary for a country or an organization to run smoothly, for example buildings, transport and water and power supplies （國(guó)家或機(jī)構(gòu)的）基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施，基礎(chǔ)建設(shè)
【派生詞】infrastructural ?adj |??nfr??str?kt??r?l|E.g. ?infrastructural development 基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施的發(fā)展
33 .fulfilling:
adj.causing sb to feel satisfied and useful 讓人感覺有意義的；令人滿足的E.g. a fulfilling experience.有成就感的經(jīng)歷。
verb.1. ?If something fulfils you, or if you fulfil yourself, you feel happy and satisfied with ? ? what you are doing or with what you have achieved. 滿足，使?jié)M意
2. To fulfil a task, role, or requirement means to do or be what is required, necessary, or expected. ?實(shí)行，執(zhí)行。
3.If you fulfil something such as a promise, dream, or hope, you do what you said or hoped you would do. 履行;實(shí)現(xiàn);使應(yīng)驗(yàn)
34....it will attract the attention of regulators...
regulators：a person or an organization that officially controls an area of business or industry and makes sure that it is operating fairly （某行業(yè)等的）監(jiān)管者，監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)
35.For now, Amazon is unlikely to trigger antitrust action....
unlikely :~ (to do sth) | ~ (that…) not likely to happen; not probable 不大可能發(fā)生的
If you say that something is unlikely to happen or unlikely to be true, you believe that it will not happen or that it is not true, although you are not completely sure.
E.g. The project seemed unlikely to succeed 這個(gè)項(xiàng)目似乎難以成功
trigger: verb.[動(dòng)詞 + 名詞短語(yǔ)]~ sth (off) to make sth happen suddenly 發(fā)動(dòng)；引起；觸發(fā)
synonyms: set off.E.g.Nuts can trigger off a violent allergic reaction 堅(jiān)果可以引起嚴(yán)重的過敏反應(yīng)
antitrust: adj. preventing companies or groups of companies from controlling prices unfairly 反托拉斯的；反壟斷的E.g.Our antitrust laws have been too severe 我們的反壟斷法太嚴(yán)格了
延伸：antitrust enforce反壟斷執(zhí)法（下文中出現(xiàn)）
antitrust grounds反壟斷理由
36.Seen through thislens, Amazon apprearspristine.透過這個(gè)棱鏡來(lái)看，亞馬遜看起來(lái)還是一片凈土。
pristine：not developed or changed in any way; left in its original condition 未開發(fā)的；處于原始狀態(tài)的，純樸的
37.Harris Poll: 哈里斯民意調(diào)查The Harris Poll has been running since 1963 and covers a broad variety of topics.[14]In 1997, Harris Interactive began developing an on-line version of The Harris Poll. It has also developed several Internet-based polls in conjunction with other companies.
38.adjacent: adjnext to or near sth 與…毗連的；鄰近的E.g. The planes landed on adjacent runways 這些飛機(jī)在毗連的跑道上降落
39.The comparative immunity from legal liability of digital platforms-for the posting of inflammatory content on Facebook, say, or the vetting of drivers on Uber-is being chipped away.
comparative:measured or judged by how similar or different it is to sth else 比較而言的；相對(duì)的 Synonyms: relative. E.g. Then he was living in comparative comfort (= ? ? ? ? ? compared with others or with his own life at a previous time) .他那時(shí)生活比較舒適
immunity: noun. ~ (from sth) the state of being protected from sth 受保護(hù)；豁免；免除E.g.The spies were all granted immunity from prosecution
inflammatory:adj. disapproving) intended to cause very strong feelings of anger 煽動(dòng)性的；使人發(fā)怒的E.g. inflammatory remarks 煽動(dòng)的言語(yǔ)
vetting: ?verb.（尤指對(duì)將要從事涉及軍事或政治機(jī)密工作人員的）調(diào)查，審查，考查 If someone is vetted, they are investigated fully before being given a particular job, role, or position, especially one which involves military or political secrets.
chipped away: to keep breaking small pieces off sth 不停地削（或鑿）E.g.(figurative)They chipped away at the power of the government (= gradually ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? made it weaker) .他們不斷削弱政府的權(quán)力
40.predatory pricing: the fact of a business company selling its goods at such a low price that other companies can no longer compete and have to stop selling similar goods 掠奪性定價(jià)；為擠垮對(duì)手的大削價(jià)
predatory: using weaker people for their own financial or sexual advantage （在金錢或性關(guān)系上）欺負(fù)弱小的，壓榨他人的E.g. People who run small businesses are frightened by the predatory behaviour of the banks 小公司經(jīng)營(yíng)者被銀行的掠奪行為嚇壞了
41But success will bring it into conflice with an even stronger beast: government . ? ? Beast :noun. ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? **a living organism characterized by voluntary movement
Synonyms:animal, animate being, brute, creature, fauna
** a cruelly rapacious person
Synonyms: ?brute, savage, wildcat, wolf
Mindmap:
神句翻譯：【對(duì)比篤師版：下同】
1.The former book seller accounts for more than half of every new dollar spent on line in U.S. 美國(guó)線上每消費(fèi)一美元，這家前書商都要占據(jù)一半以上。【對(duì)比篤師版： 美國(guó)新增線上交易中,書商起家的亞馬遜占到一半以上份額。】
2.Since the beginning of 2015, its share price has jumped by173%,seven times quicker than in the two previous years.(and12 times faster than the S&P 500 Index) 自從2015年開始，他（亞馬遜）的股價(jià)已經(jīng)上漲了173%，比前兩年的速度加快了七倍（比標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾股價(jià)指數(shù)快了12倍之多）【自2015年初起，亞馬遜公司股價(jià)飆升173%，增速是前兩年的七倍。（為標(biāo)準(zhǔn)普爾500指數(shù)的12倍】
3.With a market capitalization of some 400bn, it is the fifth most valuable firm in the world. 它在世界最有價(jià)值的公司中排名第五，擁有大約4000億美元的市值。【亞馬遜以約4000億美元的市值排名全球第五.】
4.Never before has a company been worth so much for so long while making so little money: 92% of its value is due to profits expected after 2020.從來(lái)沒有一家公司在很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間內(nèi)掙錢很少的情況下可以價(jià)值那么多：92%的價(jià)值是來(lái)源于2020年后的預(yù)期利潤(rùn)。【從未有過一家公司能在盈利如此有限的情況下，長(zhǎng)久維持如此之高的估值：其中92%來(lái)自2020年以后的盈利預(yù)期.】
5.Walmart already has revenues nudging 500bn and is beefing up online. 沃爾瑪收入已經(jīng)接近5000億美金，并且它正在加強(qiáng)線上業(yè)務(wù)。【沃爾瑪?shù)臓I(yíng)收已接近5000億，并且還在增強(qiáng)線上業(yè)務(wù)。】
6.Last year cash-flow (before investment) was $16bn,more than quadruple the level five years ago. 去年的現(xiàn)金流（投資前）是160億美金，比五年前的水平翻了四倍之多。【沃爾瑪?shù)臓I(yíng)收已接近5000億，并且還在增強(qiáng)線上業(yè)務(wù).】
7.If it makes as much money as investors hope, a rough calculation suggests its earnings could be worth the equivalent of 25% of the combined profits of listed Western retail and media firms.如果它真賺的如投資者期望的那么多錢，粗略估算表明它的盈利相當(dāng)于西方零售業(yè)和媒介公司的利潤(rùn)總和的25%。【如果該公司實(shí)際業(yè)績(jī)與投資者預(yù)期一致，據(jù)初步統(tǒng)計(jì), 其利潤(rùn)將等同于所有西方零售和媒體上市公司利潤(rùn)總和的25%。】
8.Ground for skepticism does not come much more fertile than this: Amazon will have to grow faster than almost any big company in modern history to justify its valuation. 令人懷疑的土壤從來(lái)沒有比這更肥沃：亞馬遜將必須比現(xiàn)代史上任何一家大公司都發(fā)展的要快，來(lái)證明他的價(jià)值。【最強(qiáng)有力的質(zhì)疑根據(jù)是：亞馬遜的增長(zhǎng)速度必須超過近代史上幾乎任意一家大公司才能支撐其估值。】
9.In an era when executives routinely whinge about pressure to produce short-term results, Amazon is resolutely focused on the distant horizon.在一個(gè)高管們經(jīng)常喋喋不休地抱怨產(chǎn)生短期效果帶來(lái)的壓力的時(shí)代，亞馬遜堅(jiān)定地將目光聚焦在遙遠(yuǎn)的未來(lái)。【當(dāng)今時(shí)代，主管們常常抱怨實(shí)現(xiàn)短期目標(biāo)壓力太大，而亞馬遜則堅(jiān)定不移的聚焦長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)目標(biāo)。】
10.Mr.Bezos emphasizes continual investment to propel its two principal businesses.
Mr.Bezos 總著重于持續(xù)投資來(lái)推動(dòng)它的兩個(gè)主要業(yè)務(wù)。【貝索斯先生重視兩大核心業(yè)務(wù)的持續(xù)投資以促進(jìn)發(fā)展。】
11.A third virtuous circle is starting to whirl around Alexa, the firm’s voice-activated assistant:
第三個(gè)良性循環(huán)圍繞著公司的聲控助理Alexa已經(jīng)開始運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)。【第三個(gè)良性循環(huán)是圍繞Alexa的，即該公司聲控助手。】
12.So long as shareholders retain their faith in this model, Amazon’s heady valuation resembles a self-fulfilling prophecy.只要股東們保持對(duì)這個(gè)模式的信心，亞馬遜那令人陶醉的價(jià)值看起來(lái)像是一個(gè)會(huì)自我應(yīng)驗(yàn)的預(yù)言。【只要股東對(duì)這一模式保持信念，那么亞馬遜的超高估值就類似于自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言】
13.Their faith is sustained byAmazon’s record.他們的信心由亞馬遜的記錄支撐著。
14.It has had its failures—its attempt to make a smart-phone was a debacle.But the business is starting to crank out cash. 它也有它的失敗--之前對(duì)智能手機(jī)的嘗試就是一個(gè)崩潰。不過公司現(xiàn)在開始帶來(lái)現(xiàn)金。【Business作可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，在此代指公司，企業(yè)】
15.If Amazon’s approach to time-frames is unusual,so too is the sheer breadth of its activities.
如果說(shuō)亞馬遜對(duì)時(shí)間框架的勾勒方法不尋常，同樣它涉及的范圍廣度也是不尋常。
16.A wingspan this large is more reminiscent of a conglomerate than a retailer, which makes Amazon’s share price seem even more bloated: stockmarkets typically apply a“conglomerate discount”to reflect their in-efficiencies. （亞馬遜的）翼幅之大使人更容易聯(lián)想到一個(gè)企業(yè)集團(tuán)而不是一家零售商，這會(huì)使亞馬遜的股價(jià)看起來(lái)更臃腫：股票市場(chǎng)通常采用”多元化集團(tuán)折扣“來(lái)反射他們的低效率。
17.Seen through this lens, Amazon appears pristine.透過這個(gè)棱鏡來(lái)看，亞馬遜似乎還是一片凈土。
18.Consumers applaud it; it is the most well-regarded company in America,according to a Harris poll.據(jù)哈里斯民意調(diào)查顯示，消費(fèi)者稱贊它是美國(guó)最受好評(píng)的公司。
19.If it gets anywhere close to fulfilling them, it will attract the attention of regulators. 如果它能夠在任何地方趨于實(shí)現(xiàn)自我滿足的成就，它必然會(huì)引起監(jiān)管機(jī)構(gòu)的注意。
20.But as it grows,so will concerns about its power.但是隨著它的成長(zhǎng)，它的為量也會(huì)引起擔(dān)憂。
21.Investors value Amazon’s growth over pro-fits;that makes predatory pricing more tempting. 投資者評(píng)估亞馬遜的增長(zhǎng)是看利潤(rùn)，這就使得掠奪性定價(jià)更為誘人。
Summary:
做這篇最大的感悟就是翻譯了，信達(dá)雅是何其難以到達(dá)的高度，往往我們弄懂了文意，理解了作者的意思，卻無(wú)法用自己的母語(yǔ)貼切地表達(dá)出來(lái)。感謝篤師出這樣的題目，自己也在一遍遍揣摩中重新復(fù)習(xí)了對(duì)文章的理解，更新了之前誤解的地方。
做思維導(dǎo)圖時(shí)，我一直對(duì)Amazon的unprecedented goals找不到準(zhǔn)確的描述，很想從文中找出總結(jié)性的phrase來(lái)做為一個(gè)點(diǎn)去展開，還好今天看到另外一篇相關(guān)文章，思維清晰了很多，也否定了之前導(dǎo)圖的一些分類。
當(dāng)聽完今天的講解后，我在想，經(jīng)濟(jì)學(xué)人的這篇算不算對(duì)亞馬遜的公關(guān)文？他的股票要上漲了吧?(笑）怎么說(shuō)來(lái)呢，我不太喜歡亞馬遜上的retailer，同樣類似于京東和當(dāng)當(dāng)上的第三方賣家，物流和服務(wù)都比較差，用這些電子網(wǎng)站時(shí)，我更愿意去找本站銷售的產(chǎn)品。如果的京東在物流上已經(jīng)遠(yuǎn)超淘寶天貓這些，如果劉強(qiáng)東有馬云的眼界，我覺得他應(yīng)該會(huì)走得路子更寬吧。不小心回到那個(gè)命題，掌握英語(yǔ)打開另一個(gè)世界。跟隨甘比跟隨篤師去打開更好看的世界吧，期待后面的路程。
