macOS 開發 MCU，基本上就是 Ecllipse + GNU ARM GCC + OpenOCD這套（GNU MCU Eclipse）組合，雖然已經很不錯了，但是用了 JetBrain 家的 IDE 后，發現 CLion 還是比 Eclipse 好用不少，，，
所以，如果你有STM32的評估板，然后加上CLion(及插件) + GNU ARM GCC + OpenOCD這套組合，至少在寫代碼層面上，是最爽的。
目前，還只支持st-link，相信后面JLink啥的也會很快跟上，到時候就可以扔掉 Keil了。
裝完后，結合STM32CubeMX生成代碼后，可以用 make 編譯 和 st-flash 下載，也可以用 CLion(CMake) 編譯和 OpenOCD下載，在線仿真。

1. 安裝編譯器：arm-gcc-none-eabi-gcc

?  ~ brew cask install gcc-arm-embedded

==> Satisfying dependencies
==> Downloading https://developer.arm.com/-/media/Files/downloads/gnu-rm/7-2017q4/gcc-arm-none-eabi-7-2017-q4-major-mac.tar.bz2
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Verifying checksum for Cask gcc-arm-embedded
==> Installing Cask gcc-arm-embedded
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-strip' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-strip'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-ar' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-ar'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-as' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-as'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-c++' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-c++'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-c++filt' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-c++filt'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-cpp' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-cpp'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-elfedit' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-elfedit'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-g++' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-g++'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gcc' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gcc-ar' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc-ar'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gcc-nm' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc-nm'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gcc-ranlib' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc-ranlib'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gcov' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcov'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gcov-tool' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcov-tool'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gdb' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gdb'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gdb-py' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gdb-py'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-gprof' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gprof'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-ld' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-ld'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-ld.bfd' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-ld.bfd'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-nm' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-nm'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-objcopy' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-objcopy'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-objdump' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-objdump'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-ranlib' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-ranlib'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-readelf' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-readelf'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-size' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-size'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-strings' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-strings'.
==> Linking Binary 'arm-none-eabi-addr2line' to '/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-addr2line'.
  gcc-arm-embedded was successfully installed!
?  ~ arm-none-eabi-gcc --version
arm-none-eabi-gcc (GNU Tools for Arm Embedded Processors 7-2017-q4-major) 7.2.1 20170904 (release) [ARM/embedded-7-branch revision 255204]
Copyright (C) 2017 Free Software Foundation, Inc.
This is free software; see the source for copying conditions.  There is NO
warranty; not even for MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
?  ~ which arm-none-eabi-gcc 
/usr/local/bin/arm-none-eabi-gcc

How I installed GCC ARM on my Mac 10.9 Mac Book Pro

2. 安裝下載調試器：st-link

?  u-boot-2016.05 brew install stlink
Updating Homebrew...
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/stlink-1.4.0.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring stlink-1.4.0.el_capitan.bottle.tar.gz
  /usr/local/Cellar/stlink/1.4.0: 27 files, 702KB
?  u-boot-2016.05 st-info --version
v1.4.0
?  ~ st-info --flash
0x80000
?  ~ st-info --version 
v1.4.0
?  ~ st-info --flash  
?  ~ st-info --chipid
0x0433
?  ~ st-info --serial
303636454646343934393531373835
?  ~ st-flash 
invalid command line
stlinkv1 command line: ./st-flash [--debug] [--reset] [--format <format>] [--flash=<fsize>] {read|write} /dev/sgX <path> <addr> <size>
stlinkv1 command line: ./st-flash [--debug] /dev/sgX erase
stlinkv2 command line: ./st-flash [--debug] [--reset] [--serial <serial>] [--format <format>] [--flash=<fsize>] {read|write} <path> <addr> <size>
stlinkv2 command line: ./st-flash [--debug] [--serial <serial>] erase
stlinkv2 command line: ./st-flash [--debug] [--serial <serial>] reset
                       Use hex format for addr, <serial> and <size>.
                       fsize: Use decimal, octal or hex by prefix 0xXXX for hex, optionally followed by k=KB, or m=MB (eg. --flash=128k)
                       Format may be 'binary' (default) or 'ihex', although <addr> must be specified for binary format only.
                       ./st-flash [--version]
?  ~ st-flash erase 
st-flash 1.4.0
2017-12-31T17:30:22 INFO src/common.c: Loading device parameters....
2017-12-31T17:30:22 INFO src/common.c: Device connected is: F4 device (Dynamic Efficency), id 0x10006433
2017-12-31T17:30:22 INFO src/common.c: SRAM size: 0x18000 bytes (96 KiB), Flash: 0x80000 bytes (512 KiB) in pages of 16384 bytes
Mass erasing......

3. 新建跑馬燈例程：STM32CubeMX

3.1 下載安裝 STM32CubeMX 后，New Project新建 NUCLEO-F401RE 工程，選擇板子或者芯片型號：

選擇板子或者芯片型號

3.2 Boards List中選中的板子，雙擊打開配置界面，根據 UM1724 文檔 的 6.4 小節可以看到，LED2為 PA5。如果之前是選擇的板子，那么Cube就已經幫你設定好了；如果選擇的時芯片，那么自己標記一下就可以了。

LD2

3.2 保存配置，并生成工程和代碼

選擇 Makefile

工程文件結構

3.3 進入工程所在根目錄，make工程，并修復 Cube 的自動生成的一些 Makefile 的錯誤。

錯誤一：沒有指定 arm-none-eabi-gcc完整路徑，提示找不到編譯器

?  0_blinking make
mkdir build
/arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F401xE -IInc -IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.d" -MT"build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.lst Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.c -o build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.o
/bin/sh: /arm-none-eabi-gcc: No such file or directory
make: *** [build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.o] Error 127

修復一：添加 BINPATH路徑，可以用which arm-none-eabi-gcc 查看確認

#######################################
# binaries
#######################################
BINPATH = /usr/local/bin/
PREFIX = arm-none-eabi-
CC = $(BINPATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc
AS = $(BINPATH)/$(PREFIX)gcc -x assembler-with-cpp
CP = $(BINPATH)/$(PREFIX)objcopy
AR = $(BINPATH)/$(PREFIX)ar
SZ = $(BINPATH)/$(PREFIX)size
HEX = $(CP) -O ihex
BIN = $(CP) -O binary -S

錯誤二：多次引用源代碼，導致鏈接時重復

?  0_blinking make
/usr/local/bin//arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F401xE -IInc -IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.d" -MT"build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.lst Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.c -o build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.o
············
build/stm32f4xx_hal_msp.o: In function `HAL_MspInit':
/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c:50: multiple definition of `HAL_MspInit'
build/stm32f4xx_hal_msp.o:/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c:50: first defined here
build/main.o: In function `_Error_Handler':
/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/main.c:222: multiple definition of `_Error_Handler'
build/main.o:/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/main.c:222: first defined here
build/main.o: In function `SystemClock_Config':
/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/main.c:113: multiple definition of `SystemClock_Config'
build/main.o:/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/main.c:113: first defined here
build/main.o: In function `main':
/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/main.c:68: multiple definition of `main'
build/main.o:/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/main.c:68: first defined here
build/stm32f4xx_it.o: In function `SysTick_Handler':
/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/stm32f4xx_it.c:52: multiple definition of `SysTick_Handler'
build/stm32f4xx_it.o:/Users/linjinhui/workplace/stm32f401re/0_blinking/Src/stm32f4xx_it.c:52: first defined here
collect2: error: ld returned 1 exit status
make: *** [build/0_blinking.elf] Error 1

修復二：去除C_SOURCES中重復的源文件（注：去除后面那個多出來的，具體是stm32f4xx_it.c，stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c，main.c），修改完如下

######################################
# source
######################################
# C sources
C_SOURCES =  \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.c \
Src/stm32f4xx_it.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_rcc_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_tim.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_rcc.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_cortex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_dma_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_flash.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_tim_ex.c \
Src/stm32f4xx_hal_msp.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_dma.c \
Src/main.c \
Src/system_stm32f4xx.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_flash_ramfunc.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_pwr.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_pwr_ex.c \
Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_flash_ex.c

再次make，成功在build子目錄下編譯出文件顯示如下：

?  0_blinking make
/usr/local/bin//arm-none-eabi-gcc -c -mcpu=cortex-m4 -mthumb -mfpu=fpv4-sp-d16 -mfloat-abi=hard -DUSE_HAL_DRIVER -DSTM32F401xE -IInc -IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc -IDrivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Inc/Legacy -IDrivers/CMSIS/Device/ST/STM32F4xx/Include -IDrivers/CMSIS/Include -Og -Wall -fdata-sections -ffunction-sections -g -gdwarf-2 -MMD -MP -MF"build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.d" -MT"build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.d" -Wa,-a,-ad,-alms=build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.lst Drivers/STM32F4xx_HAL_Driver/Src/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.c -o build/stm32f4xx_hal_gpio.o
.............
/usr/local/bin//arm-none-eabi-size build/0_blinking.elf
   text    data     bss     dec     hex filename
   4280      12    1572    5864    16e8 build/0_blinking.elf
/usr/local/bin//arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O ihex build/0_blinking.elf build/0_blinking.hex
/usr/local/bin//arm-none-eabi-objcopy -O binary -S build/0_blinking.elf build/0_blinking.bin

用st-flash下載跑馬燈：

?  0_blinking st-flash write ./build/0_blinking.bin 0x8000000
st-flash 1.4.0
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Loading device parameters....
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Device connected is: F4 device (Dynamic Efficency), id 0x10006433
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: SRAM size: 0x18000 bytes (96 KiB), Flash: 0x80000 bytes (512 KiB) in pages of 16384 bytes
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Attempting to write 4204 (0x106c) bytes to stm32 address: 134217728 (0x8000000)
Flash page at addr: 0x08000000 erased
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Finished erasing 1 pages of 16384 (0x4000) bytes
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Starting Flash write for F2/F4/L4
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/flash_loader.c: Successfully loaded flash loader in sram
enabling 32-bit flash writes
size: 4204
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Starting verification of write complete
2018-01-07T22:49:52 INFO src/common.c: Flash written and verified! jolly good!

哦，沒反應，忘了翻轉了，還有，另外不要忘了跳冒要接好，，，
修改main函數中while(1)，翻轉起來：

    /* Infinite loop */
    /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
    while (1)
    {
        /* USER CODE END WHILE */

        /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LD2_GPIO_Port, LD2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_RESET);
        HAL_Delay(500);
        HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LD2_GPIO_Port, LD2_Pin, GPIO_PIN_SET);
        HAL_Delay(500);

    }

再次編譯和下載，閃起來了，，，

5. 在線仿真調試 IDE：CLion+OpenOCD

5.1 安裝 OpenOCD：brew install openocd

?  ~ brew install openocd --enable_ft2232_libftdi --enable_stlink
Updating Homebrew...
==> Auto-updated Homebrew!
Updated 4 taps (caskroom/cask, caskroom/versions, homebrew/core, homebrew/science).
==> New Formulae
opencascade
Warning: open-ocd: this formula has no --enable_ft2232_libftdi option so it will be ignored!
Warning: open-ocd: this formula has no --enable_stlink option so it will be ignored!
==> Downloading https://homebrew.bintray.com/bottles/open-ocd-0.10.0.el_capitan.bottle.1.tar.gz
######################################################################## 100.0%
==> Pouring open-ocd-0.10.0.el_capitan.bottle.1.tar.gz
  /usr/local/Cellar/open-ocd/0.10.0: 632 files, 4.7MB
?  ~ which openocd  
/usr/local/bin/openocd
?  ~ openocd        
Open On-Chip Debugger 0.10.0
Licensed under GNU GPL v2
For bug reports, read
    http://openocd.org/doc/doxygen/bugs.html
embedded:startup.tcl:60: Error: Can't find openocd.cfg
in procedure 'script' 
at file "embedded:startup.tcl", line 60
Error: Debug Adapter has to be specified, see "interface" command
embedded:startup.tcl:60: Error: 
in procedure 'script' 
at file "embedded:startup.tcl", line 60

5.2 CLion 及其插件

如果要Debug，則需要重新用Cube生成SW4STM32，如下：

SW4STM32

安裝 CLion 及其插件clion-embedded-arm后，導入剛才 Cube 生成的工程：

導入工程

勾選文件

CLion 會自動生成 CMakeLists.txt：

image.png

用插件生成CMakeLists.txt來替換原來的CMakeLists.txt：

image.png

image.png

此時，選擇Run->Build顯示編譯成功如下：

image.png

配置 OpenOCD 如下：

image.png

注：

1. OpenOCD目前一定要符合完整結構，見 Issue 那么之前安裝的不就沒啥用了，汗，不過作者也在重新考慮是否需要完整的目錄結構，因為好多人碰到這個問題了。
2. 去掉自帶的 GDB，否則提示錯誤格式，見Issue
3. macOS和Linux下，Toolchains選項和CMake選項默認不用修改，Windows需要安裝 MinGW 或者 Cygwin。

然后，就可以愉快的 Debug 在線仿真了，，，

Debug

參考鏈接

• Embedded Development ：2019.01 CLion 官方支持，配合下面的插件，按官方提示即可安裝成功
• OpenOCD +? STM32CubeMX support for ARM embedded development：插件，安裝更加簡答
• CLion for embedded development
• CLion for Embedded Development Part II