文本屬性及布局
譯者：飛龍
matplotlib.text.Text實例有各種屬性，可以通過關鍵字參數配置文本命令（例如，title()，xlabel()和text()）。
| 屬性 | 值類型 | |
|---|---|---|
| alpha | 浮點 | |
| backgroundcolor | 任何 matplotlib 顏色 | |
| bbox | rectangle prop dict plus key 'pad' which is a pad in points | |
| clip_box |
matplotlib.transform.Bbox 實例 |
|
| clip_on | [True / False] |
|
| clip_path |
Path，Transform或Patch 實例 |
|
| color | 任何 matplotlib 顏色 | |
| family | [ 'serif' / 'sans-serif' / 'cursive' / 'fantasy' / 'monospace' ] |
|
| fontproperties |
matplotlib.font_manager.FontProperties 實例 |
|
| horizontalalignment or ha | [ 'center' / 'right' / 'left' ] |
|
| label | 任何字符串 | |
| linespacing | 浮點 | |
| multialignment | ['left' / 'right' / 'center' ] |
|
| name or fontname | 字符串，例如 ['Sans' / 'Courier' / 'Helvetica' ...]
|
|
| picker | [None / 浮點 / 布爾值 / 可調用對象]` |
|
| position | (x,y) |
|
| rotation | [ 角度制的角度 / 'vertical' / 'horizontal' | |
| size or fontsize | [ 點的尺寸 | 相對尺寸，例如 ['smaller', 'x-large' ]
|
| style or fontstyle | [ 'normal' / 'italic' / 'oblique'] |
|
| text | 字符串或任何可使用'%s'打印的東西 |
|
| transform |
matplotlib.transform 實例 |
|
| variant | [ 'normal' / 'small-caps' ] |
|
| verticalalignment or va | [ 'center' / 'top' / 'bottom' / 'baseline' ] |
|
| visible | [True / False] |
|
| weight or fontweight | [ 'normal' / 'bold' / 'heavy' / 'light' / 'ultrabold' / 'ultralight'] |
|
| x | 浮點 | |
| y | 浮點 | |
| zorder | 任意數值 |
你可以使用對齊參數horizontalalignment，verticalalignment和multialignment來布置文本。 horizontalalignment控制文本的x位置參數表示文本邊界框的左邊，中間或右邊。 verticalalignment控制文本的y位置參數表示文本邊界框的底部，中心或頂部。 multialignment，僅對于換行符分隔的字符串，控制不同的行是左，中還是右對齊。 這里是一個使用text()命令顯示各種對齊方式的例子。 在整個代碼中使用transform = ax.transAxes，表示坐標相對于軸邊界框給出，其中0,0是軸的左下角，1,1是右上角。
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import matplotlib.patches as patches
# build a rectangle in axes coords
left, width = .25, .5
bottom, height = .25, .5
right = left + width
top = bottom + height
fig = plt.figure()
ax = fig.add_axes([0,0,1,1])
# axes coordinates are 0,0 is bottom left and 1,1 is upper right
p = patches.Rectangle(
(left, bottom), width, height,
fill=False, transform=ax.transAxes, clip_on=False
)
ax.add_patch(p)
ax.text(left, bottom, 'left top',
horizontalalignment='left',
verticalalignment='top',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(left, bottom, 'left bottom',
horizontalalignment='left',
verticalalignment='bottom',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(right, top, 'right bottom',
horizontalalignment='right',
verticalalignment='bottom',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(right, top, 'right top',
horizontalalignment='right',
verticalalignment='top',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(right, bottom, 'center top',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='top',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(left, 0.5*(bottom+top), 'right center',
horizontalalignment='right',
verticalalignment='center',
rotation='vertical',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(left, 0.5*(bottom+top), 'left center',
horizontalalignment='left',
verticalalignment='center',
rotation='vertical',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(0.5*(left+right), 0.5*(bottom+top), 'middle',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center',
fontsize=20, color='red',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(right, 0.5*(bottom+top), 'centered',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center',
rotation='vertical',
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.text(left, top, 'rotated\nwith newlines',
horizontalalignment='center',
verticalalignment='center',
rotation=45,
transform=ax.transAxes)
ax.set_axis_off()
plt.show()
