C++ Primer Plus 第17章 輸入、輸出和文件 習題6
能讀文件、顯示所有數據
允許用戶添加數據
數據類型包括：abstr_emp, employee, manager, fink, highfink
基類 abstr_emp
子類 employee, manager, fink, highfink
emp.h
// emp.h -- abstr_emp類及其子類的頭文件
#ifndef EMP_H_
#define EMP_H_
#include <iostream>
#include <fstream>
#include <string>
class abstr_emp
{
private:
std::string fname;
std::string lname;
std::string job;
protected:
const std::string &GetFname() const { return fname; } // 取名字
const std::string &GetLname() const { return lname; } // 取姓氏
const std::string &GetJob() const { return job; } // 取工作
void SetFname() { std::cout << "Input Fname: "; std::getline(std::cin, fname); } //設置 名字、姓氏、工作
void SetLname() { std::cout << "Input Lname: "; std::getline(std::cin, lname); }
void SetJob() { std::cout << "Input Job: "; std::getline(std::cin, job); }
public:
abstr_emp();
abstr_emp(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j);
abstr_emp(const abstr_emp &e);
virtual void ShowAll() const;
virtual void SetAll();
virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream &of);
friend std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const abstr_emp &e);
virtual ~abstr_emp() = 0;
};
class employee : public abstr_emp
{
public:
employee();
employee(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j);
~employee() {}
virtual void ShowAll() const;
virtual void SetAll();
virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream &of); // 為了將數據保存到文件中所設計的虛函數
};
class manager : virtual public abstr_emp
{
private:
int inchargeof;
protected:
int InChargeOf() const { return inchargeof; }
int &InChargOf() { return inchargeof; }
void SetInChargeOf() { std::cout << "Input InChargeOf: "; std::cin >> inchargeof; std::cin.get(); } // 設置InChargeOf
public:
manager();
manager(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j, int ico = 0);
manager(const abstr_emp &e, int ico);
manager(const manager &m);
~manager() {}
virtual void ShowAll() const;
virtual void SetAll();
virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream &of); // 為了將數據保存到文件中所設計的虛函數
};
class fink : virtual public abstr_emp
{
private:
std::string reportsto;
protected:
const std::string ReportsTo() const { return reportsto; }
std::string &ReportsTo() { return reportsto; }
void SetReportsto() { std::cout << "Input reportsto: "; std::getline(std::cin, reportsto); }
public:
fink();
fink(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j, const std::string &rpo);
fink(const abstr_emp &e, const std::string &rpo);
fink(const fink &e);
~fink() {}
virtual void ShowAll() const;
virtual void SetAll();
virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream &of);
};
class highfink : public manager, public fink
{
public:
highfink();
highfink(const std::string &fn, const std::string &ln, const std::string &j, const std::string &rpo, int ico);
highfink(const abstr_emp &e, const std::string &rpo, int ico);
highfink(const fink &f, int ico);
highfink(const manager &m, const std::string &rpo);
highfink(const highfink &h);
~highfink() {}
virtual void ShowAll() const;
virtual void SetAll();
virtual void WriteAll(std::ofstream &of);
};
#endif
emp.cc
#include "emp.h"
// emp.h中定義的類中成員函數的實現
// abstr_emp
abstr_emp::abstr_emp() : fname("NULL"), lname("NULL"), job("NULL")
{
}
abstr_emp::abstr_emp(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j) : fname(fn), lname(ln), job(j)
{
}
abstr_emp::abstr_emp(const abstr_emp & e) : fname(e.fname), lname(e.lname), job(e.job)
{
}
void abstr_emp::ShowAll() const
{
std::cout << "fname: " << GetFname() << std::endl;
std::cout << "lname: " << GetLname() << std::endl;
std::cout << "job: " << GetJob() << std::endl;
}
void abstr_emp::SetAll()
{
SetFname();
SetLname();
SetJob();
}
void abstr_emp::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of)
{
of << GetFname() << std::endl << GetLname() << std::endl << GetJob() << std::endl << std::endl;
}
std::ostream &operator<<(std::ostream &os, const abstr_emp &e)
{
os << e.fname << ", " << e.lname << ", " << e.job;
return os;
}
abstr_emp::~abstr_emp()
{
}
// employee
employee::employee() : abstr_emp()
{
}
employee::employee(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j)
{
}
void employee::ShowAll() const
{
abstr_emp::ShowAll();
}
void employee::SetAll()
{
abstr_emp::SetAll();
}
void employee::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of)
{
of << "1" << std::endl;
of << GetFname() << std::endl << GetLname() << std::endl << GetJob() << std::endl << std::endl;
}
// manager
manager::manager() : abstr_emp()
{
inchargeof = 0;
}
manager::manager(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j, int ico) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j)
{
inchargeof = ico;
}
manager::manager(const abstr_emp & e, int ico) : abstr_emp(e)
{
inchargeof = ico;
}
manager::manager(const manager & m) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)m)
{
inchargeof = m.inchargeof;
}
void manager::ShowAll() const
{
abstr_emp::ShowAll();
std::cout << "inchargeof: " << InChargeOf() << std::endl;
}
void manager::SetAll()
{
abstr_emp::SetAll();
SetInChargeOf();
}
void manager::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of)
{
of << "2" << std::endl;
of << GetFname() << std::endl;
of << GetLname() << std::endl;
of << GetJob() << std::endl;
of << inchargeof << std::endl << std::endl;
}
// fink
fink::fink() : abstr_emp()
{
reportsto = "NULL";
}
fink::fink(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j, const std::string & rpo) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j)
{
reportsto = rpo;
}
fink::fink(const abstr_emp & e, const std::string & rpo) : abstr_emp(e)
{
reportsto = rpo;
}
fink::fink(const fink & e) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)e)
{
reportsto = e.reportsto;
}
void fink::ShowAll() const
{
abstr_emp::ShowAll();
std::cout << "reportsto" << ReportsTo() << std::endl;
}
void fink::SetAll()
{
abstr_emp::SetAll();
SetReportsto();
}
void fink::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of)
{
of << "3" << std::endl;
of << GetFname() << std::endl;
of << GetLname() << std::endl;
of << GetJob() << std::endl;
of << reportsto << std::endl;
}
// highfink
highfink::highfink() : abstr_emp(), manager(), fink()
{
}
highfink::highfink(const std::string & fn, const std::string & ln, const std::string & j, const std::string & rpo, int ico) : abstr_emp(fn, ln, j), manager(fn, ln, j, ico), fink(fn, ln, j, rpo)
{
}
highfink::highfink(const abstr_emp & e, const std::string & rpo, int ico) : abstr_emp(e), manager(e, ico), fink(e, rpo)
{
}
highfink::highfink(const fink & f, int ico) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)f), manager((const abstr_emp &)f, ico), fink(f)
{
}
highfink::highfink(const manager & m, const std::string & rpo) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)m), manager(m), fink((const abstr_emp &)m, rpo)
{
}
highfink::highfink(const highfink & h) : abstr_emp((const abstr_emp &)h), manager((const manager &)h), fink((const fink &)h)
{
}
void highfink::ShowAll() const
{
abstr_emp::ShowAll();
std::cout << "inchargeof: " << InChargeOf() << std::endl;
std::cout << "reportsto: " << ReportsTo() << std::endl;
}
void highfink::SetAll()
{
abstr_emp::SetAll();
manager::SetInChargeOf();
fink::SetReportsto();
}
void highfink::WriteAll(std::ofstream & of)
{
of << "4" << std::endl;
of << GetFname() << std::endl;
of << GetLname() << std::endl;
of << GetJob() << std::endl;
of << InChargeOf() << std::endl;
of << ReportsTo() << std::endl << std::endl;
}
main.cc
// main.cpp
#include "emp.h"
const char *FileName = "1.txt";
int main(){
std::ifstream fin;
do {
fin.clear();
fin.open(FileName);
if (fin.is_open()) {
std::cout << "當前文件" << FileName << "內容：\n";
int count = 0;
std::string str;
while (std::getline(fin, str)) {
abstr_emp *ptr = NULL;
if (str == "1") {
// 按行讀入數據，分別傳給名、姓、工作
std::string fname, lname, job;
std::getline(fin, fname);
std::getline(fin, lname);
std::getline(fin, job);
// 構造為employee類
ptr = new employee(fname, lname, job);
ptr->ShowAll(); // 顯示出來
}
else if (str == "2"){
std::string fname, lname, job, inchargeof;
std::getline(fin, fname);
std::getline(fin, lname);
std::getline(fin, job);
std::getline(fin, inchargeof);
ptr = new manager(fname, lname, job, atoi(inchargeof.c_str()));
ptr->ShowAll();
}
else if (str == "3")
{
std::string fname, lname, job, reportsto;
std::getline(fin, fname);
std::getline(fin, lname);
std::getline(fin, job);
std::getline(fin, reportsto);
ptr = new fink(fname, lname, job, reportsto);
ptr->ShowAll();
}
else
{
std::string fname, lname, job, inchargeof, reportsto;
std::getline(fin, fname);
std::getline(fin, lname);
std::getline(fin, job);
std::getline(fin, inchargeof);
std::getline(fin, reportsto);
ptr = new highfink(fname, lname, job, reportsto, atoi(inchargeof.c_str()));
ptr->ShowAll();
}
std::getline(fin, str);
}
fin.close();
}
std::ofstream fout(FileName, std::ios::out | std::ios::app); //附加信息
if (!fout.is_open())
{
std::cerr << "Can't open " << FileName << " file for output.\n";
exit(EXIT_FAILURE);
}
abstr_emp *ptr = NULL;
std::cout << "選擇要生成的類型:\n";
std::cout << "1、employee\t2、manager\n3、fink\t4、highfink\n";
int ans;
std::cin >> ans;
std::cin.get();
switch (ans)
{
// 按選擇的類型建立對應的類指針
case 1:
ptr = new employee;
break;
case 2:
ptr = new manager;
break;
case 3:
ptr = new fink;
break;
case 4:
ptr = new highfink;
break;
default:
break;
}
ptr->SetAll(); // 提示用戶輸入
ptr->WriteAll(fout); // 輸出內容到文件
char ch;
std::cout << "繼續?<y/n>: ";
std::cin >> ch;
std::cin.get();
if (ch == 'n')
break;
} while (true);
fin.close();
return 0;
}
