About the iOS Technologies
譯：關(guān)于iOS技術(shù)
iOS is the operating system that runs on iPad, iPhone, and iPod touch devices. The operating system manages the device hardware and provides the technologies required to implement native apps. The operating system also ships with various system apps, such as Phone, Mail, and Safari , that provide standard system services to the user.
譯：iOS是運行在iPad,iPhone和iPod touch觸摸設(shè)備上的操作系統(tǒng)。操作系統(tǒng)管理設(shè)備硬件并提供實現(xiàn)設(shè)備原生應(yīng)用程序所需的技術(shù)。操作系統(tǒng)還自帶各種系統(tǒng)應(yīng)用,如電話功能、郵件、和Safari瀏覽器,向用戶提供基本的系統(tǒng)服務(wù)。
The iOS Software Development Kit (SDK) contains the tools and interfaces needed to develop , install, run, and test native apps that appear on an iOS device’s Home screen. Native apps are built using the iOS system frameworks and Objective-C language and run directly on iOS. Unlike web apps, native apps are installed physically on a device and are therefore always available to the user , even when the device is in Airplane mode. They reside next to other system apps, and both the app and any user data is synced to the user’s computer through iTunes.
譯：iOS軟件開發(fā)工具包(SDK)包含開發(fā)、安裝、運行和測試原生應(yīng)用程序所需的工具和接口。原生應(yīng)用程序是使用iOS系統(tǒng)框架和Objective - C語言并且直接在iOS上運行的。與web應(yīng)用程序不同的是,原生應(yīng)用程序物理安裝在設(shè)備上，即使處于“飛行模式”，也是可用的。應(yīng)用程序和任何用戶數(shù)據(jù)是可以通過iTunes同步到用戶的計算機上。（這里應(yīng)該是指app在iTunes上顯示出來，并可以運行）
Note: It is possible to create web apps using a combination of HTML, cascading style sheets(CSS), and JavaScript code. Web apps run inside the Safari web browser and require a network connection to access your web server. This document does not cover the creation of web apps.For more information about creating web apps in Safari, see Safari Web Content Guide.
譯：備注：可以使用HTML、級聯(lián)樣式表(CSS)、JavaScript代碼創(chuàng)建web應(yīng)用程序。Web應(yīng)用程序運行在Safari瀏覽器,需要網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接來訪問您的Web服務(wù)器。本文檔不包含web應(yīng)用程序的創(chuàng)建。更多在Safari創(chuàng)建web應(yīng)用程序的信息,見Safari Web Content Guide。
At a Glance
譯：概覽
The iOS SDK provides the resources you need to develop native iOS apps. Understanding a little about the technologies and tools contained in the SDK can help you make better choices about how to design and implement your apps.
譯：iOS SDK提供的開發(fā)原生iOS應(yīng)用程序所需的資源。了解一點關(guān)于SDK中包含的技術(shù)和工具可以幫助你如何設(shè)計和實現(xiàn)應(yīng)用程序，并做出更好的選擇。
The iOS Architecture Is Layered
譯：iOS架構(gòu)分層
At the highest level, iOS acts as an intermediary between the underlying hardware and the apps you create. Apps do not talk to the underlying hardware directly. Instead, they communicate with the hardware through a set of well-defined system interfaces. These interfaces make it easy to write apps that work consistently on devices having different hardware capabilities.
譯：在最高層,iOS充當(dāng)您創(chuàng)建的應(yīng)用程序與底層硬件之間的媒介。應(yīng)用程序不會直接與底層硬件通訊。相反,他們通過一組自定義好的系統(tǒng)通信接口與硬件通訊。這些接口使應(yīng)用程序編寫更加簡單,且在不同硬件設(shè)備上功能一致地工作。
The implementation of iOS technologies can be viewed as a set of layers, which are shown inFigure I-1. Lower layers contain fundamental services and technologies. Higher-level layers build upon the lower layers and provide more sophisticated services and technologies.
譯：iOS技術(shù)的實現(xiàn)可以被視為一組圖層,如I-1所示。較低的層包含基本服務(wù)和技術(shù)。高級層向下層提供更復(fù)雜的服務(wù)和技術(shù)。
Figure I-1 Layers of iOS
譯：iOS架構(gòu)分層
As you write your code, it is recommended that you prefer the use of higher-level frameworks over lower-level frameworks whenever possible. The higher-level frameworks are there to provide object-oriented abstractions for lower-level constructs. These abstractions generally make it much easier to write code because they reduce the amount of code you have to write and encapsulate potentially complex features, such as sockets and threads. You may use lower-level frameworks and technologies, too, if they contain features not exposed by the higher-level frameworks.
譯：當(dāng)你編寫代碼,建議您盡量使用高級框架代替底層框架。高級框架提供底層結(jié)構(gòu)面向?qū)ο蟮某橄蟆＿@些抽象通常讓你更容易編寫代碼,因為他們減少你必須編寫的代碼量和潛在復(fù)雜特性的封裝,如sockets和線程等。你可以使用底層框架和技術(shù),如果它們包含高級框架不公開的特性。
Relevant chapters: Cocoa Touch Layer, Media Layer, Core Services Layer, Core OS Layer
譯：相關(guān)章節(jié)：Cocoa Touch Layer, Media Layer, Core Services Layer, Core OS Layer
The iOS Technologies Are Packaged as Frameworks
譯：iOS技術(shù)被包裝成framework
Apple delivers most of its system interfaces in special packages called frameworks. A framework is a directory that contains a dynamic shared library and the resources (such as header files, images , and helper apps) needed to support that library. To use frameworks, you add them to your app project from Xcode.
譯：蘋果提供大部分在特殊包的系統(tǒng)接口被稱為框架。框架是一個其中包含一個動態(tài)共享庫和支持庫所需要的資源(如:頭文件、圖片和應(yīng)用助手)的目錄。使用框架,你從Xcode將它們添加到你的應(yīng)用項目中。
Relevant sections: iOS Frameworks
譯：相關(guān)章節(jié): iOS Frameworks
The Developer Library Is There to Help You
譯：開發(fā)者幫助文檔
The iOS Developer Library is an important resource for you to use during development. The library contains API reference, programming guides, release notes, tech notes, sample code, and many other resources offering tips and guidance about the best way to create your apps.
譯：iOS開發(fā)者文檔庫是一個在開發(fā)過程中供您使用的非常重要資源。文檔庫包含API參考、編程指南、更新發(fā)布說明、技術(shù)筆記、示例代碼和許多其他資源提供給你創(chuàng)建應(yīng)用程序的最佳方法建議和指導(dǎo)。
You can access the iOS Developer Library from the Apple Developer website or from Xcode. In Xcode, choose Help > Documentation and API Reference to display the Xcode documentation window, which is the central resource for accessing information about iOS development. Use the documentation window to browse, search, and bookmark documents.
譯：您可以從蘋果開發(fā)者網(wǎng)站或從Xcode文檔訪問（Xcode>Help>Documentation and API Reference 窗口顯示Xcode API參考文檔，使用此窗口去瀏覽、查找、標(biāo)記文檔)。
How to Use This Document
譯：如何使用此文檔
iOS Technology Overview is an introductory guide for anyone who is new to the iOS platform. It provides an overview of the technologies and tools that have an impact on the development process and provides links to relevant documents and other sources of information. You should use this document to:
譯：對于任何iOS新手來說，iOS技術(shù)概述是入門指南。它提供了iOS技術(shù)概述和影響開發(fā)過程的工具并提供相關(guān)文件和其他的信息源鏈接。你應(yīng)該使用這個文檔:
- Orient yourself to the iOS platform
譯：確定你自己的iOS平臺
- Learn about iOS software technologies, why you might want to use them, and when
譯：學(xué)習(xí)關(guān)于iOS軟件技術(shù)，你將用它們來開發(fā)
- Learn about development opportunities for the platform
譯：學(xué)習(xí)平臺發(fā)展的機會
- Get tips and guidelines on how to move to iOS from other platforms
譯：得到從其他平臺轉(zhuǎn)到iOS的提示和指南
- Find key documents relating to the technologies you are interested in
譯：找到你感興趣的關(guān)鍵字文檔關(guān)聯(lián)
This document does not provide information about user-level features that have no impact on the software development process, nor does it list the hardware capabilities of specific iOS devices.New developers should find this document useful for getting familiar with iOS. Experienced developers can use it as a road map for exploring specific technologies and development techniques.
譯：本文不提供對軟件開發(fā)過程沒有沖突,也不列出iOS設(shè)備特殊硬件性能的用戶級特性的信息,。新開發(fā)人員應(yīng)該找到這個文檔用于熟悉iOS系統(tǒng)。有經(jīng)驗的開發(fā)人員可以使用它作為一個探索特殊的技術(shù)和開發(fā)技術(shù)的路線圖。
See Also
譯：另請參閱
If you’re new to iOS development, this book provides only an overview of the system. To learn more about how to develop iOS apps, you should read the following documents:
譯：如果你是iOS開發(fā)新手，這文章只是提供系統(tǒng)概述。學(xué)習(xí)更多關(guān)于iOS app開發(fā)你需要閱讀以下文檔：
- Start Developing iOS Apps (Swift) provides a guided tour of the development process, starting with how to set up your system and ending with the process of how to submit apps to the AppStore. If you are new to developing iOS apps, this is another good starting point for exploring iOS app development.
譯：Start Developing iOS Apps (Swift)，提供了從如何設(shè)置您的系統(tǒng)到如何提交應(yīng)用程序到應(yīng)用商店開發(fā)過程指導(dǎo)。如果你是iOS應(yīng)用程序開發(fā)新手,這是探索iOS app開發(fā)另一個很好的起點。
- iOS Human Interface Guidelines provides guidance and information about how to design your app’s user interface.
譯：iOS Human Interface Guidelines，提供如何設(shè)計你的app用戶界面的指南信息。
- App Distribution Guide describes the iOS development process from the perspective of the tools. This document covers the configuration and provisioning of devices for development and covers the use of Xcode (and other tools) for building, running, and testing your software.
譯：App Distribution Guide，從工具方面描述了iOS開發(fā)過程。這文檔覆蓋了開發(fā)配置和設(shè)備資源分配和覆蓋了用來編譯、運行、測試的Xcode以及其他工具的使用。
To develop on a device, you sign up for Apple’s paid iOS Developer program and then configure a device for development purposes. After you sign up, obtain a copy of Xcode and the iOS SDK at the iOS Dev Center
譯：在一個設(shè)備上進(jìn)行開發(fā)，你先登錄Apple’s paid iOS Developer計劃，然后配置開發(fā)目的。你登錄后，在開發(fā)中心將獲得Xcode、iOS SDK。
Copyright ? 2014 Apple Inc. All Rights Reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Updated: 2014-09-17
