背景
Lambda匿名函數在Python中經常出現，小巧切靈活，使用起來特別方便，但是小編建議大家少使用，最好多寫幾行代碼，自定義個函數。
既然Python中存在Lambda匿名函數，那么小編本著存在即合理的原則，還是介紹一下，本篇文章翻譯自《Lambda Functions in Python》，分享出來供大家參考學習
原文地址：https://www.clcoding.com/2024/03/lambda-functions-in-python.html
案例1：基本語法
常規函數
def add(x, y):
return x + y
匿名函數
lambda_add = lambda x, y: x + y
調用2種類型函數
print(add(3, 5)) #8
print(lambda_add(3, 5)) #8
案例2：在sorted排序函數中使用匿名函數
students = [("Alice", 25), ("Bob", 30), ("Charlie", 22)]
sorted_students = sorted(students, key=lambda student: student[1])
print("Sorted Students by Age:", sorted_students)
#Sorted Students by Age: [('Charlie', 22), ('Alice', 25), ('Bob', 30)]
案例3：在filter過濾函數中使用匿名函數
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
even_numbers = list(filter(lambda x: x % 2 == 0, numbers))
print("Even Numbers:", even_numbers)
#Even Numbers: [2, 4, 6, 8]
案例4：在map函數中使用匿名函數
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
squared_numbers = list(map(lambda x: x**2, numbers))
print("Squared Numbers:", squared_numbers)
#Squared Numbers: [1, 4, 9, 16, 25]
案例5：在max函數中使用匿名函數
numbers = [10, 5, 8, 20, 15]
max_number = max(numbers, key=lambda x: -x)
print("Maximum Number:", max_number)
#Maximum Number: 5
案例6：在sorted排序函數中，多個排序條件
people = [{"name": "Charlie", "age": 25},
{"name": "Bob", "age": 30},
{"name": "Alice", "age": 25}]
sorted_people = sorted(people,
key=lambda person: (person["age"], person["name"]))
print("Sorted People:", sorted_people)
#Sorted People: [{'name': 'Alice', 'age': 25}, {'name': 'Charlie', 'age': 25}, {'name': 'Bob', 'age': 30}]
案例7：在reduce函數中使用匿名函數
from functools import reduce
numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]
product = reduce(lambda x, y: x * y, numbers)
print("Product of Numbers:", product)
#Product of Numbers: 120
案例8：在條件表達式中使用匿名函數
numbers = [10, 5, 8, 20, 15]
filtered_and_squared = list(map(lambda x: x**2 if x % 2 == 0 else x, numbers))
print("Filtered and Squared Numbers:", filtered_and_squared)
#Filtered and Squared Numbers: [100, 5, 64, 400, 15]
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