前言
我們在iOS開發中,一般會使用MVC或者MVVM等模式。當我們從接口中拿到數據時,我們需要把數據轉成模型使用。下面我就帶大家一起用runtime一步一步的來完成這個轉換框架
1、先寫一個簡單的字典到模型的轉換
- 模型TestModel
@interface TestModel : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *phone;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *address;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
@end
- 控制器ViewController中
@implementation ViewController
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.title = @"字典轉模型";
NSDictionary *dicTest = @{@"name":@"張三",
@"phone":@"110",
@"age":@"10"};
TestModel *model = [TestModel yj_initWithDictionary:dicTest];
NSLog(@"model-----name:%@, phone:%@, address:%@, age:%@", model.name, model.phone, model.address, @(model.age));
}
@end
- 字典轉模型的分類中
@implementation NSObject (YJModelDicTransform)
//字典轉模型
+ (instancetype)yj_initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dic
{
id myObj = [[self alloc] init];
unsigned int outCount;
//獲取類中的所有成員屬性
objc_property_t *arrPropertys = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &outCount);
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < outCount; i ++) {
objc_property_t property = arrPropertys[i];
//獲取屬性名字符串
//model中的屬性名
NSString *propertyName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
id propertyValue = dic[propertyName];
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
free(arrPropertys);
return myObj;
}
//數組轉模型數組,現在還用不了,因為還沒有方法知道數組中保存的是什么類型,后面會處理
+ (instancetype)yj_initWithArray:(NSArray *)arr
{
NSAssert([arr isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]], @"不是數組");
NSMutableArray *arrModels = [NSMutableArray array];
[arr enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(id _Nonnull obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
if ([obj isKindOfClass:[NSArray class]]) {
[arrModels addObject:[self yj_initWithArray:obj]];
}
else {
id model = [self yj_initWithDictionary:obj];
[arrModels addObject:model];
}
}];
return arrModels;
}
- 控制臺打印
2016-12-19 15:55:18.231 YJModelDicTransform[1627:125724] model-----name:張三, phone:110, address:(null), age:10
2、模型中嵌套有模型
第一步完成后我們已經可以自動完成字典和模型的轉換了,但是還不完善,比如我們的字典的value中如果有字典或者數組類型的話,程序就識別不了,所以我們現在就來處理這種情況
先通過runtime來獲取模型中屬性的類型,然后根據不同類型來處理
@interface TestModel : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *name;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *phone;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *address;
@property (nonatomic, assign) NSInteger age;
//模型中嵌套UserModel模型
@property (nonatomic, strong) UserModel *user;
@end
@interface UserModel : NSObject
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *userName;
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *userId;
@end
NSString *const YJClassType_object = @"對象類型";
NSString *const YJClassType_basic = @"基礎數據類型";
NSString *const YJClassType_other = @"其它";
@implementation NSObject (YJModelDicTransform)
+ (instancetype)yj_initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dic
{
id myObj = [[self alloc] init];
unsigned int outCount;
//獲取類中的所有成員屬性
objc_property_t *arrPropertys = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &outCount);
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < outCount; i ++) {
objc_property_t property = arrPropertys[i];
//獲取屬性名字符串
//model中的屬性名
NSString *propertyName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
id propertyValue = dic[propertyName];
if (propertyValue == nil) {
continue;
}
//獲取屬性是什么類型的
NSDictionary *dicPropertyType = [self propertyTypeFromProperty:property];
NSString *propertyClassType = [dicPropertyType objectForKey:@"classType"];
NSString *propertyType = [dicPropertyType objectForKey:@"type"];
if ([propertyType isEqualToString:YJClassType_object]) {
if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSArray"] || [propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSMutableArray"]) {
//數組類型,現在還用不了,因為還沒有方法知道數組中保存的是什么類型,后面會處理
}
else if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSDictionary"] || [propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSMutableDictionary"]) {
//字典類型 不考慮,一般不會用字典,用自定義model
}
else if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSString"]) {
//字符串類型
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
else {
//自定義類型,循環調用,一直到不是自定義類型
propertyValue = [NSClassFromString(propertyClassType) yj_initWithDictionary:propertyValue];
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
}
else if ([propertyType isEqualToString:YJClassType_basic]) {
//基本數據類型
if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"c"]) {
//bool類型
NSString *lowerValue = [propertyValue lowercaseString];
if ([lowerValue isEqualToString:@"yes"] || [lowerValue isEqualToString:@"true"]) {
propertyValue = @(YES);
} else if ([lowerValue isEqualToString:@"no"] || [lowerValue isEqualToString:@"false"]) {
propertyValue = @(NO);
}
}
else {
propertyValue = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] numberFromString:propertyValue];
}
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
else {
//其他類型
}
}
free(arrPropertys);
return myObj;
}
//獲取屬性的類型
- (NSDictionary *)propertyTypeFromProperty:(objc_property_t)property
{
//獲取屬性的類型, 類似 T@"NSString",C,N,V_name T@"UserModel",&,N,V_user
NSString *propertyAttrs = @(property_getAttributes(property));
NSMutableDictionary *dicPropertyType = [NSMutableDictionary dictionary];
//截取類型
NSRange commaRange = [propertyAttrs rangeOfString:@","];
NSString *propertyType = [propertyAttrs substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(1, commaRange.location - 1)];
NSLog(@"屬性類型:%@, %@", propertyAttrs, propertyType);
if ([propertyType hasPrefix:@"@"] && propertyType.length > 2) {
//對象類型
NSString *propertyClassType = [propertyType substringWithRange:NSMakeRange(2, propertyType.length - 3)];
[dicPropertyType setObject:propertyClassType forKey:@"classType"];
[dicPropertyType setObject:YJClassType_object forKey:@"type"];
}
else if ([propertyType isEqualToString:@"q"]) {
//NSInteger類型
[dicPropertyType setObject:@"NSInteger" forKey:@"classType"];
[dicPropertyType setObject:YJClassType_basic forKey:@"type"];
}
else if ([propertyType isEqualToString:@"d"]) {
//CGFloat類型
[dicPropertyType setObject:@"CGFloat" forKey:@"classType"];
[dicPropertyType setObject:YJClassType_basic forKey:@"type"];
}
else if ([propertyType isEqualToString:@"c"]) {
//BOOL類型
[dicPropertyType setObject:@"BOOL" forKey:@"classType"];
[dicPropertyType setObject:YJClassType_basic forKey:@"type"];
}
else {
[dicPropertyType setObject:YJClassType_other forKey:@"type"];
}
return dicPropertyType;
}
- 控制器中
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.title = @"字典轉模型";
NSDictionary *dicTest = @{@"name":@"張三",
@"phone":@"110",
@"age":@"10",
@"user":@{@"userId":@"2"}};
TestModel *model = [TestModel yj_initWithDictionary:dicTest];
NSLog(@"model-----name:%@, phone:%@, address:%@, age:%@, userId:%@, userName:%@", model.name, model.phone, model.address, @(model.age), model.user.userId, model.user.userName);
}
- 控制臺打印
2016-12-19 16:39:52.079 YJModelDicTransform[1851:143085] 屬性類型:T@"NSString",C,N,V_name, @"NSString"
2016-12-19 16:39:52.080 YJModelDicTransform[1851:143085] 屬性類型:T@"NSString",C,N,V_phone, @"NSString"
2016-12-19 16:39:52.080 YJModelDicTransform[1851:143085] 屬性類型:Tq,N,V_age, q
2016-12-19 16:39:52.081 YJModelDicTransform[1851:143085] 屬性類型:T@"UserModel",&,N,V_user, @"UserModel"
2016-12-19 16:39:52.081 YJModelDicTransform[1851:143085] 屬性類型:T@"NSString",C,N,V_userId, @"NSString"
2016-12-19 16:39:52.081 YJModelDicTransform[1851:143085] model-----name:張三, phone:110, address:(null), age:10, userId:2, userName:(null)
3、處理模型中有數組屬性的情況
第二步之后程序可以處理模型中包含模型的情況, 但是還不能處理模型中有數組的情況,因為數組中存儲的類型需要人為的告訴程序,下面我們添加一個協議來來處理這種情況
先創建一個協議, 然后讓分類遵循它
@protocol YJModelDicTransform <NSObject>
@optional
/**
* 數組中存儲的類型
*
* @return key --- 屬性名, value --- 數組中存儲的類型
*/
+ (NSDictionary *)yj_objectClassInArray;
@end
@interface NSObject (YJModelDicTransform)<YJModelDicTransform>
+ (instancetype)yj_initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dic;
@end
- 在model中實現這個方法
@implementation TestModel
+ (NSDictionary *)yj_objectClassInArray
{
return @{@"arrUsers":@"UserModel"};
}
+ (NSDictionary *)yj_propertykeyReplacedWithValue
{
return @{@"_id":@"id"};
}
@end
//字典轉模型
+ (instancetype)yj_initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dic
{
id myObj = [[self alloc] init];
unsigned int outCount;
//獲取類中的所有成員屬性
objc_property_t *arrPropertys = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &outCount);
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < outCount; i ++) {
objc_property_t property = arrPropertys[i];
//獲取屬性名字符串
//model中的屬性名
NSString *propertyName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
id propertyValue = dic[propertyName];
if (propertyValue == nil) {
continue;
}
//獲取屬性是什么類型的
NSDictionary *dicPropertyType = [self propertyTypeFromProperty:property];
NSString *propertyClassType = [dicPropertyType objectForKey:@"classType"];
NSString *propertyType = [dicPropertyType objectForKey:@"type"];
if ([propertyType isEqualToString:YJClassType_object]) {
if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSArray"] || [propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSMutableArray"]) {
//數組類型
if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(yj_objectClassInArray)]) {
id propertyValueType = [[self yj_objectClassInArray] objectForKey:propertyName];
if ([propertyValueType isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) {
propertyValue = [NSClassFromString(propertyValueType) yj_initWithArray:propertyValue];
}
else {
propertyValue = [propertyValueType yj_initWithArray:propertyValue];
}
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
}
else if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSDictionary"] || [propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSMutableDictionary"]) {
//字典類型 不考慮,一般不會用字典,用自定義model
}
else if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSString"]) {
//字符串類型
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
else {
//自定義類型,循環調用,一直到不是自定義類型
propertyValue = [NSClassFromString(propertyClassType) yj_initWithDictionary:propertyValue];
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
}
else if ([propertyType isEqualToString:YJClassType_basic]) {
//基本數據類型
if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"c"]) {
//bool類型
NSString *lowerValue = [propertyValue lowercaseString];
if ([lowerValue isEqualToString:@"yes"] || [lowerValue isEqualToString:@"true"]) {
propertyValue = @(YES);
} else if ([lowerValue isEqualToString:@"no"] || [lowerValue isEqualToString:@"false"]) {
propertyValue = @(NO);
}
}
else {
propertyValue = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] numberFromString:propertyValue];
}
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
else {
//其他類型
}
}
free(arrPropertys);
return myObj;
}
4、字典中包含一些iOS不能用的字段
- 有時候接口返回的數據中有id等iOS中和關鍵字重合的字段, 這個時候我們需要將id手動映射到模型中對應的屬性中
- 我們在剛剛創建的協議中在添加一個方法來處理
@protocol YJModelDicTransform <NSObject>
@optional
/**
* 數組中存儲的類型
*
* @return key --- 屬性名, value --- 數組中存儲的類型
*/
+ (NSDictionary *)yj_objectClassInArray;
/**
* 替換一些字段
*
* @return key -- 模型中的字段, value --- 字典中的字段
*/
+ (NSDictionary *)yj_propertykeyReplacedWithValue;
@end
- 在model中實現這個方法
+ (NSDictionary *)yj_propertykeyReplacedWithValue
{
return @{@"_id":@"id"};
}
+ (instancetype)yj_initWithDictionary:(NSDictionary *)dic
{
id myObj = [[self alloc] init];
unsigned int outCount;
//獲取類中的所有成員屬性
objc_property_t *arrPropertys = class_copyPropertyList([self class], &outCount);
for (NSInteger i = 0; i < outCount; i ++) {
objc_property_t property = arrPropertys[i];
//獲取屬性名字符串
//model中的屬性名
NSString *propertyName = [NSString stringWithUTF8String:property_getName(property)];
//字典中的屬性名
NSString *newPropertyName;
if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(yj_propertykeyReplacedWithValue)]) {
newPropertyName = [[self yj_propertykeyReplacedWithValue] objectForKey:propertyName];
}
if (!newPropertyName) {
newPropertyName = propertyName;
}
NSLog(@"屬性名:%@", propertyName);
id propertyValue = dic[newPropertyName];
if (propertyValue == nil) {
continue;
}
//獲取屬性是什么類型的
NSDictionary *dicPropertyType = [self propertyTypeFromProperty:property];
NSString *propertyClassType = [dicPropertyType objectForKey:@"classType"];
NSString *propertyType = [dicPropertyType objectForKey:@"type"];
if ([propertyType isEqualToString:YJClassType_object]) {
if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSArray"] || [propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSMutableArray"]) {
//數組類型
if ([self respondsToSelector:@selector(yj_objectClassInArray)]) {
id propertyValueType = [[self yj_objectClassInArray] objectForKey:propertyName];
if ([propertyValueType isKindOfClass:[NSString class]]) {
propertyValue = [NSClassFromString(propertyValueType) yj_initWithArray:propertyValue];
}
else {
propertyValue = [propertyValueType yj_initWithArray:propertyValue];
}
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
}
else if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSDictionary"] || [propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSMutableDictionary"]) {
//字典類型 不考慮,一般不會用字典,用自定義model
}
else if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"NSString"]) {
//字符串類型
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
else {
//自定義類型
propertyValue = [NSClassFromString(propertyClassType) yj_initWithDictionary:propertyValue];
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
}
else if ([propertyType isEqualToString:YJClassType_basic]) {
//基本數據類型
if ([propertyClassType isEqualToString:@"c"]) {
//bool類型
NSString *lowerValue = [propertyValue lowercaseString];
if ([lowerValue isEqualToString:@"yes"] || [lowerValue isEqualToString:@"true"]) {
propertyValue = @(YES);
} else if ([lowerValue isEqualToString:@"no"] || [lowerValue isEqualToString:@"false"]) {
propertyValue = @(NO);
}
}
else {
propertyValue = [[[NSNumberFormatter alloc] init] numberFromString:propertyValue];
}
if (propertyValue != nil) {
[myObj setValue:propertyValue forKey:propertyName];
}
}
else {
//其他類型
}
}
free(arrPropertys);
return myObj;
}
- 控制器中
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
self.title = @"字典轉模型";
NSDictionary *dicTest = @{@"id":@"121",
@"name":@"張三",
@"phone":@"110",
@"age":@"10",
@"user":@{@"userId":@"2"},
@"arrUsers":@[@{@"userId":@"2"},@{@"userId":@"2"},@{@"userId":@"2"}]};
TestModel *model = [TestModel yj_initWithDictionary:dicTest];
NSLog(@"model-----id:%@, name:%@, phone:%@, address:%@, age:%@, userId:%@, userName:%@", model._id, model.name, model.phone, model.address, @(model.age), model.user.userId, model.user.userName);
[model.arrUsers enumerateObjectsUsingBlock:^(UserModel *obj, NSUInteger idx, BOOL * _Nonnull stop) {
NSLog(@"arrUser----userId:%@", obj.userId);
}];
}
- 控制臺打印
2016-12-19 17:17:03.245 YJModelDicTransform[2099:158162] model-----id:121, name:張三, phone:110, address:(null), age:10, userId:2, userName:(null)
2016-12-19 17:17:03.245 YJModelDicTransform[2099:158162] arrUser----userId:2
2016-12-19 17:17:03.245 YJModelDicTransform[2099:158162] arrUser----userId:2
2016-12-19 17:17:03.245 YJModelDicTransform[2099:158162] arrUser----userId:2