UNIT 4 GROWING UP
TEXT A: The Doctor's Son
Good Usage(Para.1)
settled quietly into hismedical practice
accepted him as one of theirown
Word passes quickly
greeted my father as
as long as
would always be known as “DoctorEppley’s son”
Good Usage(Paras. 2-3)
crowded around me
If you’re anything like yourfather
couldn’t stop beaming
Somewherein the midst of
I wasgrowing up to be an honorable and industrious young man
livingan honest life just like my father
Good Usage(Paras.4-8)
how I
would ever fit in with ……
hated
being followed by ……
managequite well on my own
an actof rebellion
call myfather by his first name
actingso stubborn
in themidst of an argument
everybodyexpects me to be just like
you
I wantto be myself.
Good Usage(Paras.9-10)
I survived my last years ofhigh school
I enrolled in college.
I chose to attend a school far from …
I sat with a group of students
shared stories about our lives
the things we hated most
I couldn’t stand growing up ina town …
compared me with my father
Good Usage(Paras.11-13)
I’d be proud to have a fatherwho’s so well respected
Her eyes filled with tears
give anything to be called myfather’s child
an awkward silence
changed the subject
returned home for winter break
feeling proud of myself
made a number of new friends
become popular in my own right
Good Usage(Paras.14-19)
enjoyed being back
The main topic of interest
take it out for a drive
glared at him
sick of being treated like a child
Good Usage(Paras.20-23)
hopped into the car
headed down the road
savoring the beauty of …
jumped out
surveyed the damage
sat there like a guilty child
choked back my tears
Good Usage(Paras.24-26)
a smile of recognition
Good Usage(Paras.27-30)
trudged into the house
headed toward the door
Hold your head up.
Good Usage(Para.31)
attended a small party
celebrate the beginning ofanother year
stepped toward him
wrapped my arms around hisshoulders
for the first time in years
Key Words and Expressions for TextA
settle in/into sth.:
get used to (new surroundings, a new job, etc.)習慣于（新環境、新工作等）
e.g.1. It didn’ttake her long to settle into a new routine.
2. We only moved house last week and we haven’tsettled in yet.
NB:settle (sb.) in/into sth.在這個短語中，動詞settle后也可以加賓語；介詞into和in可以互換，例如：
We settled the children in/into new schools when we moved to London.
beam:
1.v.
1) smile brightly and happily笑，眉開眼笑
e.g. (1)Maggie beamed at her
friend with admiration.
(2) He beamed on his visitors.
2) emit or transmit發射，發送
e.g.(1) This program is beamed to European countries at 10:00daily.
(2) The news was beamed to the whole globe by satellites.
這條新聞由衛星向全世界傳送。
2.n.
1)a bright and happy look or smile容光煥發，展顏而笑
e.g.The old lady opened the door with a beam.
2) a ray or shaft of light（光）束；（光）線
e.g.Suddenly the beam of an electric torch wasflashed into his face.
Collocation:
beam withsatisfaction滿意地微笑
beam with joy眉飛色舞,笑逐顏開
a beam of light一束光線
a beam of delight笑逐顏開
fit in with:
(cause to) match or agree（使）符合，適合，適應
e.g. 1.His ideas didn’t quite fit
in with our aims.
2. His good moodfit in with the joyful occasion.
Collocations:
fit in (with)適合；適應；符合；協調
fit into適應；協調
fit on裝上；把……置于原處；試穿
fit oneself for作好……的準備
on one’s own:
without help獨立地，無援地
e.g.1. Shelives on her own.
2.Traveling onmy own, I can decide when to start on my way and where to linger a littlelonger.
我獨自去旅游,我可以決定什么時候出發上路,在什么地方多玩一會兒。
stubborn:adj.
determined, esp. to an unreasonable
degree; with a strong will固執的，頑固的，執拗的；倔強的
e.g.He is a stubborn child who won’tobey his mother.
Collocation:
as stubborn as a mule像騾子一樣頑固;非常固執
a stubborn resistance頑強的抵抗
a stubborn illness頑疾
a stubborn problem棘手的問題
NB:名詞形式為stubbornness。
survive:
[if !supportLists]1.[endif]vt.continue to live or exist afterexperiencing a difficult situation, a dangerous or unhappy event,
etc.比…活得長，經歷（危險、不快事件等）之后還存在
e.g.1) Only two people survived the firethat took place last night.
2) The house survived the storm.
[if !supportLists]2.[endif]vi.remain alive or in existence幸存，活下來
e.g.1) The manwas very ill, but he survived.
2)Few survived after the flood.
洪水過后，生還者極少。
NB:名詞形式為survival。
enroll:v.
[(as, in)] make (oneself or another
person) officially a member of a group[常與as或in連用]吸收（某人）為成員；（使）入會（入學，入伍）；登記，注冊
e.g. 1. She decided to enroll in the historycourse.
2.We enrolled him as a member of
the society.
我們吸收他為會員。
NB:enroll為American
English拼法，在British
English中，該詞拼寫為enrol，二者對應的名詞形式分別為enrollment和enrolment。
comparewith:
examine or judge (one thing) in
relation to another thing in order to show the points of similarity or
difference（與…）作比較；（與…）對照
e.g. I compared the copy with the original but found no difference.
Collocation:
compare one thing with another將一物與另一物比較
compare favorably with優于；不亞于
not to be compared with相差極遠，遠不如
CF: compare,compare to,compare with&contrast
這些動詞和動詞短語均含“比較”之意。
compare側重比較兩個或更多東西的異同優劣，強調相同或類似之處。
compareto指兩物有類似或相似之處，從而“把（一物）比作（另一物）”。
comparewith指“把……用……作比較”以便找出差異或好壞。
contrast指比較兩個或更多東西之間的差異，側重不同點。
Directions: Fill in the blanks withthe words or phrases above. Change the form where necessary.
1. The poetcompareshislovertoa rose in his poems.
2. Her actionscontrastedsharplywithher promises.
3. If youcompareher workwithhis, you’ll find hers is much better.
4. Scientists sometimescomparethe human braintoa computer.
frown:vi.
bring the eyebrows together in
anger or effort, causing lines to appear on the forehead（表示憤怒或煩心而）皺眉，蹙額
e.g. 1)He frowned with
displeasure as he read his son’s school report.
2) The teacher frowned angrily at the noisy class.
Collocations:
frown at (on,
upon)不贊成，不以為然
frown with displeasure不快地皺起眉頭
would give anything/a lot/the world (to do sth.):
would very much
like (to do or have sth.)非常愿意做（或擁有某事物），愿付出一切做（擁有）
e.g.People tend to give anything for money
when they are young; but when they get old they would give anything for health.
NB:一個類似的短語是would give the world to know sth.為了知道某事愿付出一切代價
awkward:adj.
1. causing difficulty or
uncomfortable feelings; inconvenient or embarrassing尷尬的，為難的，麻煩的；棘手的
e.g. 1)Aunt Lenacame to visit us at an awkward time.
2) There was an awkward silence, when no one knew what to say.
2. not smooth or grateful; ungainly（行動）笨拙的；（姿勢）別扭的
e.g.The childis still awkward with his chopsticks.
Collocation:
an awkwardremark令人窘迫的評論
an awkwardsilence令人尷尬的沉默
an awkwardtime不方便的時間
an awkwardquestion棘手問題
an awkwardsituation困難處境
in one’s own right:
because of a
personal claim that does not depend on anyone else根據自己的能力或合法權利（而不依賴其他因素）
e.g. 1)He was born into a farmer’s
family and became a scientist in his own right through hard work.
2) Elizabeth II is Queen in her own right.
Collocation:
as of right/by right基于正當的權利
stand on one’s own rights堅持自己的權利
within one’s rights不超越自己的權利范圍
glare:v.
(at, on, upon) look in an angry way怒目而視
e.g. 1)She glaredat me.
2) The old gentleman just stood there glaring at the pickpocket and didnot say a word.
這位老先生只是站在那里對那個扒手怒目而視,一句話也沒有說。
CF: glare,stare,gaze&peer這些動詞都有“看，瞧”之意。
glare指用憤恨、兇狠或含敵意的眼光死死看著某人。
stare側重因驚奇、好奇、粗魯無禮等而睜大眼睛看。
gaze指出于羨慕、感興趣、關心或驚異而長時間目不轉睛地看。
peer指瞇著眼睛仔細地或略為吃力地看。
Directions: Fill in the blanks withthe words above. Change the form where necessary.
1. The old ladypeeredthrough her spectacles at the contract.
2. He didn’t shout or swear, butjustglaredsilently at me.
3. The childgazedat thetoys in the shop window.
4. Hestaredat the wordtrying to remember what it meant.
5. Heglaredfuriously at mewhen I contradicted him.
be sick of:
feel annoyance,
dislike, and impatience from too much of sth.感到厭倦；對……厭煩
e.g. 1)I am sick of your complaints, be quiet!
2) Get out! I am sick of the sight of you.
出去，我一見到你就煩。
Collocation:
sick ofwaiting等得不耐煩
sick of itall完全厭倦了這一切
sick andtired筋疲力盡的
be sick and tired(of)十分厭倦
be sick of doingnothing閑得發膩
wander:vi.(in, off)
1. walk or move in a leisurely,
casual or aimless way漫步，閑逛，游蕩
e.g. The children wandered in thewoods.
2. (of a person or an animal) leave
the right place or way; stray from one’s group（指人或動物）離開原處或正道，離群，失散
e.g. The child wandered off and gotlost.
3. (of a person or thoughts) be or become confused and
unable to make or follow ordinary conversation（人或思想）走神，開小差；錯亂
e.g. He realized his audience’s attention wasbeginning to wander.
Collocation:
wander about/over the world漫游世界
wander from the subject/point離題
wander from the path ofrighteousness迷失了正途
NB:注意wander和wonder是形近詞，但是意思不相同。wonder表示“驚訝,懷疑,想知道”。
survey:
1.v.look at, examine, or consider sth.
as a whole縱覽，審視，全面地觀察
e.g. 1)She surveyed me unhappily over
the top of her glasses.
2) Have the house surveyed before you offer to buy it.
在你出價買那房子之前,先找人鑒定一下。
2.n.a detailed inspection or
investigation調查
e.g.According to a recent survey, in Shanghaithere are about 2.5 million migrant workers.
Collocations:
a survey of air pollution空氣污染調查
an annual survey年度調查
NB:surveyorn.測量員，檢查員
sustain:v.
1. suffer (harm or loss)蒙受，遭受（傷害或損傷）
e.g.He sustained a severe blow on the head.
Collocations:
sustain a fatal injury遭受致命的傷害
sustain losses蒙受損失
2. keep (sb. or sth.) alive or in
existence支持，維持
e.g.You shouldeat good sustaining food, i.e. food that gives strength.
CF:back,uphold,support&sustain
這些動詞均有“支持，支援，擁護”之意。
back通常指對論點、行動、事業等的強有力支持。
uphold既可指積極努力支持陷入困境者，也可指在行動、道義或信仰上給某人支持。
support含義廣泛，指在道義上或物質上支持某人，也可指對某項事業的支持。
sustain側重指連續不斷的支持。
Directions: Fill in the blanks withthe words above. Change the form where necessary.
1. The book’s weakness is theauthor’s inability tosustainhis theory.
2. You mustbacktheargument with facts.
3. Shesupportsher husbandwith the money she earns from teaching.
4. The judgeupheldthelower court’s decision.
NB:名詞sustenance表示“營養、食物”。
There’s not muchsustenance in a glass of orange juice.
guilty:adj.
[(of)] having broken a law or disobeyed a rule[常與of連用]有罪的，犯罪的
e.g. 1)He was found guilty of
passing on secret paper to a foreign power.
2) Four men werefound guilty of breach of the peace.
四名男子被判擾亂治安罪名成立。
Collocation:
be guilty of a crime犯罪
plead guilty to a crime認罪
a guiltyconscience負罪感
complain:v.
express feelings
of annoyance, dissatisfaction, unhappiness, etc.; say in an annoyed, unhappy,
dissatisfied way投訴，抱怨，發牢騷，訴苦
e.g. Ourneighbour said that if we made any more noise he’d complain to the police.
Collocatons:
complain about / of
e.g. 1)Theycomplained about the food.
2) Jean is always complaining about something.
3) Almostimmediately he began to complain about the weather.
NB:complain常與that從句連用。
e.g.1) Theycomplained that the wages were too low.
2) They complained that the price of books had increased.
他們抱怨說書的價格提高了。
protest:v.
express one’s
disagreement, feeling of unfairness, annoyance, etc.抗議，反對
e.g. 1)We protested against his
being released from prison.
2) The tourists protested about the bad service at the restaurant.
游客們對那家飯店低劣的服務表示不滿。
3) They protested with one accord (一致地) that they had not used any drug.
Collocations:
protest about/at/against
protest that …
chokeback:
control (esp. violent or very sad feelings) as if by
holding them in the throat抑制,強忍住
e.g. 1)I could tell she tried hard to chokeback her tears.
2) It is very difficult to choke back her anger.
Collocations:
choke down用力咽下，強抑制住，按捺住
choke to death噎死；窒息而死
insurance:n.
[U (against)] guarantee of
compensation for loss, damage, sickness, death, etc. in return for regular
payment[常與against連用]保險
e.g. 1)All drivers in Britain must havethird-party insurance.
2)He claimed to be an insurancesalesman but later was found to be a fraud.
他自稱是個保險公司的推銷員,但后來發現原來是個騙子。
3) A balanced diet is an insurance against malnutrition.
Collocation:
provide insurance against提供防止……的措施
an insurance policy保險單
labor insurance勞動保險
accident insurance意外保險
automobile insurance汽車保險
insurance for medical care醫療保險
panic:
1.v.(panicked, panicking) (cause to)
feel sudden uncontrollable, quickly-spreading terror or anxiety（使）恐慌
e.g. 1) The crowd panicked at thesound of the gunfire.
槍炮聲使群眾驚慌失措。
2) He panicked and ran as fast ashe could to safety.
3) The banks were panicked intoselling dollars.
Collocations:
panic at / over
sth.對……感到驚慌失措
2.n.a sudden, overpowering terror,
often affecting many people恐慌
e.g.1) When the theater caught fire, there was a panic.
2) He got into a panic that he would forget his lines on stage.
他慌張起來，怕自己在臺上會忘記臺詞。
rarely:adv.
not at all often不常，很少，難得
e.g. 1)He rarelycomes here anymore.
2)Big Ben has rarely
gone wrong.
大本鐘很少出差錯。
CF:rarely,hardly,scarcely&barely
這些副詞均含“幾乎不”之意。
rarely強調不經常，多指頻率。
hardly指接近最低限度，差不多沒有多余，強調困難和程度。
scarcely指不太充分，不太夠，不足，不能令人滿意，強調數量。
barely指僅僅夠，一點不多，強調沒有多余。
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words above. Change the formwhere necessary.
1. There isscarcelyenough food.
2. Irarelyeat in restaurants.
3. They hadbarelytime to catch the plane.
4. I couldhardlyhearthe speaker.
TEXT B: The Needs of Teenagers
apart?ad.separated
by a distance; in or into two or more separate parts分開，相距，相隔；拆開，分開
e.g. 1.You never see them apart these days.
2. We planted the treeswide apart.
independent?a.[(of)]usu. apprecnot depending on the help, advice, or opinions of others; habitually takingactions or decisions alone[常與of連用]〖一般褒〗不依賴別人幫助的；不受他人影響的，有獨立見解的；慣于單獨行動的
e.g. 1.She often goes on holiday alone—she’s very independent.
2. Judges must be independent ofpolitical pressure.
instance?n.a single fact, event, etc., expressing ageneral idea; example; case例子，實例，事例
e.g. 1.In most instances the pain soon goes awaywhen the drug takes effect.
2. She cited an instance where theirtraining had been a marvelous help in dealing with problems.
adapt?v.make orbecome suitable for new needs, different conditions, etc.（使）適應，（使）適合
e.g. 1.When we moved to France, the children adaptedvery well.
2.They havehad to adapt themselves to a war economy.
figure?n.any of the number signs
from 0 to 9; (the shape of) a whole human body數字符號 （即從0到9）；人像；人形；人影
e.g. 1.Write the number in words and in figures.
2.I could seea figure in the far distance, but I could not make out who it was.
ambitious?a.having a strong desire for success, power,
wealth, etc.有抱負的，有雄心（志氣）的；野心勃勃的
e.g. 1.He’s a very ambitious man and he wants to bethe number one in our company.
2.She is politicallyambitious.
frustrated?a.discouraged;
not satisfied挫敗的；失望的；失意的；泄氣的
e.g. 1.I’m feeling rather frustrated in my presentjob; I need a change.
2. He felt extremelyfrustrated when things went against him.
restless?a.unwilling or unable to stay still, esp.
because of anxiety or lack of interest不安靜的，焦慮的；不耐煩的
e.g. 1.After listening to him for three hours theaudience became restless.
2. He’s been feeling very restless lately andis applying for a job abroad.
drag?v.pull (sth. heavy) along with great effort用力拖(拉)(重物)
e.g. 1.He got up and dragged his chair towards thetable.
2. The protesters were dragged away by thepolice.
tighta.&ad.closely fastened, held,knotted, etc.; firmly fixed in place; closely; firmly; tightly緊的，牢的；緊緊地，牢牢地
e.g. 1.The drawer is so tight that I can’t open it.
2. She held the baby tight in her arms.
whereas?conj.(used?to show an opposite or different fact, situation, etc.) but但是，而，卻（用于引出相反的或不同的事實、情況等）
e.g. 1.He earns 8,000 dollars a year whereas shegets at least 20,000 dollars a year.
2. They want a house, whereas we would ratherlive in a flat.
grow apart?if two people grow apart, their relationship becomes less close關系逐漸疏遠
e.g.1.It’s hard to believe that she grew apart from her husband after twentyyears of marriage.
2. It sounds as if you have grown apart fromTom.
for instance:?for example例如
e.g. 1.You can’t rely on her; for instance,she arrived an hour late for an important meeting yesterday.
2. Theyput so much emphasis on so many wrong things. Fame, for instance.
(it’s) no / small / little wonder(that)it is not surprising; naturally并不奇怪，不足為奇，十分自然
e.g. 1.It’s no wonder you have got aheadache since you drank so much last night.
2. Hefailed the math test. No wonder he was so upset.
stay up:?remain awake; not go to bed仍然醒著，不就寢
e.g. 1.To finish my term paper, I had to stayup late for several days running.
2. Iwill make this radio work even if I have to stay up all night.
(be) scared of (doing) sth.full of fear; frightened驚慌的，嚇壞了的，害怕…的
e.g. 1.What are you scared of?
2. Everybodyis scared of him.
(be) annoyed at / with sb.rather angry有點生氣的，惱火的
e.g. 1.She tapped her forehead and lookedannoyed with herself.
2. I was annoyed with him because he keptinterrupting.
sit up[(for)] stay up late; not go to bed[常與for連用]熬夜，不睡
e.g. 1.We sat up drinking and talking,for we would say good-bye to each other early next morning.
2. Don’tsit up for me if I’m late.
have / keep a tightrein on:control firmly抑制，嚴加控制
e.g. 1.Thefinance director keeps a tight rein on our spending.
2.Shekeeps a tight rein on her son.
get hold of:?find and
make use of ; find sb. for a reason找來使用，找到某人，與某人聯系
e.g. 1.In the midst of the flood, he managedto get hold of the branch of a tree and saved his own life.
2. Ihave been ringing his office all day, but I can’t get hold of him.
end up:?be in the end (in the stated place, condition, etc.)最后成為（處于）
e.g. 1.We didn’t like it at first, but weended up cheering aloud.
2. Wasteful people usually end up in debt.
in deep/big trouble: in a situation that involves danger,
punishment, pain, worry, etc.處于危險、受罰、痛苦、憂慮的境地
e.g. 1.We got into deep trouble during our
trip when a flood occurred suddenly.
2.If you run out of cash, you are in big trouble.
