DAY 1and DAY 2：Vocabulary
1、resistance
n.{u} dislike of or opposition to a plan, an idea, etc.; refusal to obey抵抗；阻力；抗力
eg:As with all new ideas it met with resistance.
? ?{u}the act of using force to oppose sb/sth?
eg:armed resistance
? {u} ~(to sth)the power not to be affected by sth
eg:AIDS lowers the body's resistance to infection.
? {u} {c}the opposition of a substance or device to the flow of an electrical current
? {u}? a secret organization that resists the authorities, especially in a country that an enemy has control of
eg:resistance fighters
Thesaurus: ?confrontation;fighting
2、demonstrate
v. (t) to show sth clearly by giving proof or evidence
eg:The theories were demonstrated to be false.
(t)to show by your actions that you have a particular quality, feeling or opinion
eg:You need to demonstrate more self-control.
(t)to show and explain how sth works or how to do sth
eg:Her job involves demonstrating new educational software
(i)to take part in a public meeting or march, usually as a protest or to show support for sth
eg:They are demonstrating in favour of free higher education.
Thesaurus:explain,expoubd,operate,instruct
3、explicit
adj:fully and clearly expressed or demonstrated; leaving nothing merely implied; unequivocal:definite and unreserved in expression; outspoken
eg:an explicit act of violence
He was quite explicit as to what he expected us to do for him.
Related forms:{adv}explicitly ; {n} explicitness {adj} overexplicit
can be confused:implicit; implied
4、gravitational
n. the force of attraction between any two masses. ?(Physics)
eg:Compare?law of gravitation
? ? the gravitational pull of the moon
? ? an act or process caused by this force
eg:The gravitational interaction of a satellite and a nearby particle is somewhat counterintutive.
? ? a sinking or falling
? ? a movement or tendency toward something or someone:
5、orbit
n.{c}{u}a curved path followed by a planet or an object as it moves around another planet, star, moon, etc.
eg:the earth's orbit around the sun
? ? ?{sing}an area that a particular person, organization, etc. deals with or is able to influence
eg:to come/fall/be within sb's orbit
v:{t}to move or travel around in anorbitalor elliptical path:
eg:The earth orbits the sun once every 365.25 days.
{i}to go or travel in an orbit.
Related forms: {adj}orbitary?
Thesaurus:path.track
6、irrational
adj:without the faculty of reason; deprived of reason; ? ?not in accordance with reason; utterly illogical
eg:irrational arguments.
Economists often refer to this sort of behaviour as irrational.
Mathematics.(of a number) not capable of being expressed exactly as a ratio of two integers.
eg:irrational number
Thesaurus:illogical,unreasonable?
7、illusion
n.something that deceives by producing a false or misleading impression of reality
Psychology
eg:She's under the illusion that(= believes wrongly that) she'll get the job
Mirrors in a room often give an illusion of space
Related forms:delusion,impression
8、notable
adj:worthy of note or notice; noteworthy: ?prominent, important, or distinguished
eg:a notable success/achievement/example
The town is notable for its ancient harbour.
n:a prominent, distinguished, or important person
eg:All the usual local notables were there
Related forms: {n}notableness {adv}notably {adj} nonnotable
Thesaurus:personage ;celebrity
9、Jupiter
n:Also calledJove. the supreme deity of the ancient Romans: the god of the heavens and of weather.(木星）
eg:Jupeter has fourteen mons ,the largest number of any planet.
10、disturbance
n:{u}{c}actions that make you stop what you are doing, or that upset the normal state that sth is in; the act of disturbing sb/sth or the fact of being disturbed
eg:The building work is creating constant noise, dust and disturbance
{c}a situation in which people behave violently in a public place
eg:He was charged with causing a disturbance after the game
{u}{c}a state in which sb's mind or a function of the body is upset and not working normally
eg:emotional disturbance
Thesaurus:trouble,commotion
11、in terms of 依…；從…方面
? ? in effect 實際上，總之
eg:So we wanted to place some debts in terms of future investment that would pay off the company in the long term.
eg:In effect, all that the darek does is highlight the lack of Light and it is through such experiences that you grow spiritually.
12、contract
n:an official written agreement 合同；合約；契約
eg:These clauses form part of the contract between buyer and seller
? ? ?to enter into/make/sign a contract with the supplier
(informal)~(on sb) an agreement to kill sb for money（雇用殺人的）協議，合同
eg:to take out a contract on sb
v:(t)? ? to draw together or into smaller compass; draw the parts of together（使）收縮，縮小
eg:The exercise consists of stretching and contracting the leg muscles.
? (t) ?to get an illness 感染（疾病）；得（病）
eg:to contract AIDS/a virus/a disease
(t)(i) ?to make a legal agreement with sb for them to work for you or provide you with a service與…訂立合同（或契約）
eg:The player is contracted to play until August.
She has contracted to work 20 hours a week.(vi) ~to do sth
(t) to formally agree to marry sb/form an alliance with sb（與…）訂立（婚約）；（與…）締結（同盟）
~ a marriage/an alliance (with sb)
Idioms:put out a contract on? {to hire or attempt to hire an assassin to kill (someone):}雇用刺客謀殺
Related forms: ?contractible (adj)
Thesaurus:agreement,bond,convention
13、postulate
v.to suggest or accept that sth is true so that it can be used as the basis for a theory, etc假定；假設
eg:They postulated a 500-year lifespan for a plastic container.
n:a statement that is accepted as true, that forms the basis of a theory, etc.假定；假設
a fundamental principle.
Related forms: postulation (n) ?;postulational (adj)
Thesaurus:assume,hypothesize,claim,suggest
14、confine
v:to keep sb/sth inside the limits of a particular activity, subject, area, etc.限制，限定
? ~ sb/sth to sth
eg:The work will not be confined to the Glasgow area.
? ?to keep a person or an animal in a small or closed space
eg:Keep the dog confined in a suitable travelling cage.
? ?to have to stay in bed, in a wheelchair (be confined to bed, a wheelchair)
eg:She was confined to bed with the flu.
n:confines. a boundary or bound; limit; border; frontier
? ? confines. region; territory.
Related forms:confinable,confineable(adj) ?;confineless(adj) ;confiner(n)
Thesaurus:restrain;restrict,limit,curb,narrow
15、intrinsic
adj:belonging to or part of the real nature of sth/sb固有的，內在的，本身的
eg:These tasks were repetitive, lengthy and lacking any intrinsic interest.
Thesaurus:basic,essential,fundamental,central
16、velocity
n:the speed of sth in a particular direction（沿某一方向的）速度
eg:the velocity of light
high speed高速；快速
eg:Jaguars can move with an astonishing velocity.
Thesaurus:speed;rate;swiftness ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?
17、detect
v.to discover or notice sth, especially sth that is not easy to see, hear, etc.發現
eg:The tests are designed to detect the disease early.
n:a shortcoming, fault, or imperfection
eg:a defect in an argument; a defect in a machine
lack or want, especially of something essential to perfection or completeness; deficiency:
eg:a defect in hearin
Related forms: defectible (adj) ;defectibility (n)
18、coordinate
adj:of the same order or degree; equal in rank or importance.
eg:Coordinate offices of a business.
v:(t)to organize the different parts of an activity and the people involved in it so that it works well使協調，使相配合 to place or arrange in proper order or position.
eg:They appointed a new manager to coordinate the work of the team
eg:This shade coordinates with a wide range of other colours.
n:either of two numbers or letters used to fix the position of a point on a map or graph坐標
eg:the x, y coordinates of any point on a line
? pieces of clothing that can be worn together because, for example, the colours look good together(顏色協調的）配套服裝，套裝(pl)
Related forms:coordinately(adv);coordinateness (n)
Thesaurus:order:correlate
19、arbitrary
adj:subject to individual will or judgment without restriction; contingent solely upon one's discretion:任意的，武斷的，隨心所欲的
eg:an arbitrary decision
? ? The choice of players for the team seemed completely arbitrary
? ?having unlimited power; uncontrolled or unrestricted by law; despotic; tyrannical
eg:an arbitrary government
? ?That's arbitrary from amoral point of view.
Thesaurus:subjective,illogical
Related forms:arbitrarily(adv) ;arbitrariness(n)
20、emit
v:to send forth (liquid, light, heat, sound, particles, etc.); discharge.
? to give forth or release (a sound):
eg:He emitted one shrill cry and then was silent.
The metal container began to emit a clicking sound.
Thesaurus:produce. release,send out
21、sphere
n:a solid figure that is completely round, with every point on its surface at an equal distance from the centre球；球形；球體
? any object that is completely round, for example a ball圓球；球狀物
?an area of activity, influence or interest; a particular section of society范圍；領域；階層；界
eg:the political sphere政界
? This area was formerly within the sphere of influence of the US.
? ?a region that surrounds a planet, especially the earth（包圍地球等的大氣的）層
eg:ionosphere電離層
atomosphere大氣層
V(t):to enclose in or as if in a sphere.包圍；把……放在球內
to form into a sphere.使成球形
to place among the heavenly spheres.使處于天體之間
22、ripple
n:a small wave on the surface of a liquid, especially water in a lake, etc.波紋；細浪；漣漪
eg:The air was so still that there was hardly a ripple on the pond's surface
? ? a sound that gradually becomes louder and then quieter again起伏的聲音
eg:a ripple of applause/laughter
? a feeling that gradually spreads through a person or group of people逐漸擴散的感覺
eg:A ripple of fear passed through him.
v:(t)(i)to move or to make sth move in very small waves（使）如波浪般起伏
eg:The sea rippled and sparkled.
(i)to spread through a person or a group of people like a wave?擴散；涌起
eg:A gasp rippled through the crowd.
Thesaurus:wave;undulate
23、deflect
v(t)(i):to change direction or make sth change direction, especially after hitting sth(尤指擊中某物后）偏斜，轉向，使偏斜，使轉向
eg:The ball deflected off Reid's body into the goal.
(t)to succeed in preventing sth from being directed towards you轉移，引開
eg:All attempts to deflect attention from his private life have failed
(t)to prevent sb from doing sth that they are determined to do阻止（某人做已決定做的事）
~sb(from sth)
eg:The government will not be deflected from its commitments.
Related forms: deflectable （adj）deflector (反射器;偏向器；偏轉電極；空氣 n)
Day 3 :
Annie's exmaple
DAY4:
Annie say:
Q:本來文章承前啟后邏輯通順，可到光速后一下轉到電磁波就看不懂了。電磁波和光速有什么關系呢？
A:光是一種電磁波。電磁波是個很寬的光譜，從微波到伽馬光子，可見光是上面很窄的一段，也是電磁場的震動傳播。
Q:理論上人的速度如果大于光速，就可以進入未來世界，對吧？
A:光速就算是無限大也到不了未來。光速是沒有靜質量的光子的振動，靜質量為0達到光速，還要超過光速的話，那要怎么樣加速呢？沒有靜質量，因為光在真空里也傳播呀。它是個場波動傳遞，場呢......你可以理解為氣場哈哈。
Q:He observed that the times at which the moons of?Jupiter appeared to pass behind Jupiter were not evenly spaced, as one would?expect if the moons went round Jupiter at a constant rate.
A:evenly spaced均勻地分布，the times是時間、時刻。如“今天早上六點看到，明天七點看到”，木衛出現的時間無定，而本來應該是確定的，如果運轉速度恒定的話。
Q:怎么判斷一個人講話有沒有邏輯？
A:有線索可以聽懂，可以在事實之外的方面的被反駁性，越能被反駁，邏輯漏洞越多。基礎的層次就是你的整篇整段整句話要是一條通路，高一點的層次就是能夠在攻擊下還保持不倒通常邏輯漏洞能夠present itself to you，不用仔細挑毛病。Sometimes they have hiddenassumptions which might take a bit longer to detect if you happen to have thesame assumptions
As a person, my actions will only and should only be?driven by what matters to me. But that is not the same thing as being selfish.
1.社科類是誰都可以參與的，是真的；而問題的根源往往都在于人心也是真的。
A:對，這里霍金的思維有點跳躍，突然提到利用光速和時間差來測量距離，這當然也可能是一個對時間空間維度等價的展示。凡是空間上的距離都可以轉化為時間的距離。（但是反過來就不好操作了，像我們昨晚討論的一樣。回到過去就無法用改變空間距離來實行）
你這個解釋很好，也就是我昨天掙扎著試圖解釋的時間膨脹概念，我總想徹底拋棄經典物理學角度但是忘了慣性坐標系還是成立的只是時間測量上不再是絕對的了。這個小球其實就是原子鐘里面的脈沖波，每一秒大概是9億個脈沖的樣子，每個脈沖都在近光速經過的觀察者看來經過了比在鐘旁邊的人看到的更長的距離，所以鐘對于這個飛船上的觀察者來說自然就走的更慢。
Q: stub one's toe on the stone是什么意思呢
A:Stub是斷了的意思，就是說踢石頭卻反傷了自己的腳趾，形容那種憤恨的心情
Q:What happens at such?events can neither affect nor be affected by what happens at P.這句話怎么理解呢
A:這些事件（包括它們的時空坐標）無法影響P點發生的事，也無法被其影響
stub one's toe:If you stub your toe,you hurt it by accidentlly kicking something.
eg:I stubbed my toe against a table leg.
stub out:When someone stubs out a cigarette, they put it out by pressing it against something hard.
eg:Signs across the entrances warn all visitors to stub out their cigarettes.
?preferred?state of rest,最傾向的狀態。Take up采取，物體在沒有外力作用下總是傾向于采取靜止狀態
Q:怎么理解時間是相對的呢
A:如果我無法和你實時對手表，那我和你的時間就不是一回事，Eg:如果我想祝你20歲生日快樂，卻在你22歲時才收到了謝謝,這樣子是夸大，但是這么說換個參考的標準光速也就不那么快了，導致宇宙沒有了絕對時間這個概念
Q:我們所接受的光，是已經過去的時間嗎
A:是太陽的過去，世界上最遠的距離就是我說我愛你太陽的同時，他說我愛你地球，然而它八年前就說了，于是我充滿幸福感的等了八年，等到了一片黑暗，原來太陽八年前熄滅了。Hhh科學文藝的愛情
Thought:
文章結構
文章首先以亞里士多德的Absolute rest的理論為開頭，引出了伽利略的實驗，牛頓以伽利略的理論的基礎，提出牛頓第一第二定律。之后又提出牛頓與亞里士多德的共同點為，都支持絕對時間。突然轉至光速，提出科學家們對“以太”的設想。爾后又證明了此設想的不必要性。絕對時間，絕對空間，空間維度，時間距離與空間距離的等價性，重力場的重要性區分狹義相對論與廣義相對論，光線彎曲等的實驗介紹，科學理論組合成了這篇關于時間和空間關系的科普文章。
心得
The first day，open這份長達12頁的科學文章，已做好耗費大量精力的準備。閱讀了3個小時，只漸漸讀懂2頁的內容，生詞也僅摘抄了10個。在此過程中，也不免時時犯困，因此也造成了效率不高的結果。經過幾次研習，還有觀看微信群中老師和同學們的問答，也漸漸對《相對論》有了淺淺的認識。科學家們總是能對我們take for granted的事情提出疑問，進而提出設想，做實驗，驗偽證。即使是科學家，也會時常不愿意承認自身的錯誤，牛頓也曾不愿意承認時間，空間的相對，他堅信絕對的神。盡管如此，還是會有接踵而至的科學家不斷向前人的理論提出挑戰，質疑，開拓新思維。有限的光速，時間的不可逆，我們不能回到過去的時間，我們所接收到的光是太陽的過去式，雙胞胎的故事……越來越多新鮮的theory在拓寬思維的界限。宇宙的無限可能性時時都能帶來不同的驚喜。the universe must have a beginning and, possibly, an end.
The science is endless.
