最近做項目要用到Maven，故對Maven進行了學習，初次接觸后，覺得其實和前端的npm很相似，都是項目管理工具，只不過一個用于前端，一個用于后臺。下面將對我了解到的知識做一個整理，主要內容是Maven的簡介和安裝。
1、簡介
官網：Apache Maven is a software project management and comprehension tool. Based on the concept of a project object model (POM), Maven can manage a project's build, reporting and documentation from a central piece of information.
翻譯：Apache Maven是一個軟件項目管理和理解工具。基于項目對象模型（POM）的概念，Maven可以利用一個中央信息片斷（可理解為一小段描述信息）管理一個項目的構建、報告和文檔。
2、什么是Maven？
官網：Maven, a?Yiddish word meaning?accumulator of knowledge, was originally started as an attempt to simplify the build processes in the Jakarta Turbine project. There were several projects each with their own Ant build files that were all slightly different and JARs were checked into CVS. We wanted a standard way to build the projects, a clear definition of what the project consisted of, an easy way to publish project information and a way to share JARs across several projects.
翻譯：Maven這個單詞來自于意第緒語，意為知識的積累，最早在Jakata Turbine項目中它開始被用來試圖簡化構建過程。當時有很多項目，它們的Ant構建文件僅有細微的差別，而JAR文件都由CVS來維護。于是Maven創始者想要一個更加標準的方式來構建項目，該項目的清晰定義包括：用一種簡單方便的方式來發布項目信息，以及一種在多個項目中共享JAR的方式。
官網：The result is a tool that can now be used for building and managing any Java-based project. We hope that we have created something that will make the day-to-day work of Java developers easier and generally help with the comprehension of any Java-based project.
翻譯：現在，Maven成為了一種被用于構建和管理任何基于Java項目的工具。Maven創始者希望能夠更多的讓Java開發人員的日常工作更加容易，幫助理解任何基于Java項目。
3、Maven的安裝
3.1 ?下載安裝
到官網下載安裝包，下載的是一個解壓包，解壓到自己電腦上。這里我放在 E:\apache-maven-3.5.0
3.2 ?配置環境變量
打開系統的環境變量面板，選擇 “環境變量” 中的 “新建” ，輸入變量名和maven的安裝路徑，確認。然后在PATH變量后追加;%M2_HOME%/bin
3.3 測試
打開cmd命令提示符，輸入mvn -v，顯示如下，表示安裝成功。
